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São Cristóvão (Rio de Janeiro neighborhood)
Encyclopedia
São Cristóvão is a traditional neighborhood located in the northern zone of Rio de Janeiro
city.
was discovered and colonized by Portugal
, the Jesuits
inhabited the place. In 1759, the Marquis of Pombal
expelled the Jesuits, and the farms of the region were divided up to form small farms and quintas (residences located in rural properties). One of these was the Quinta da Boa Vista
.
In 1810, King John VI of Portugal
adopted the Quinta da Boa Vista as his official residence, the Paço de São Cristóvão
. Around it mansions and streets were built and electric light was installed. The local aristocracy moved to the neighborhood.
During the 19th century, several meters of land were reclaimed from the sea, and the swamps were drained. Pedro II of Brazil
, who was the country's second emperor, was born and bred in the neighborhood and from there he ruled the country for almost half a century. During his reign the neighborhood was modernized and industries were installed. He was deposed by a military coup on November 15, 1889 and the Quinta da Boa Vista became a museum in 1893.
In 1940, Avenida Brasil
, the most important road to transport the neighborhood's production, was inaugurated.
Especially during the 1950s and the 1960s, the industrialization of the area attracted migrants from several different regions of Brazil, particularly from the Northeast
.
, which is a traditional Rio de Janeiro football (soccer)
club. The club's stadium, Estádio Figueira de Melo
, commonly known by its nickname Figueirinha, is also located in the neighborhood.
The neighbourhood has several historical buildings, some of which are historical museums like the Museu do Primeiro Reinado and the Museu Militar Conde de Linhares.
The National Museum
, its library and the zoological garden
of Rio de Janeiro are located in the Quinta da Boa Vista
park.
There are two churches in the neighborhood, Church of São Cristóvão (Igreja de São Cristóvão) and Church of Saint Edwigs (Igreja de Santa Edwiges).
The São Cristóvão's Fair (Feira de São Cristóvão) is another popular attraction. It is always carried out on Sundays, by the Northeast Region community.
Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro , commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America, boasting approximately 6.3 million people within the city proper, making it the 6th...
city.
History
The first inhabitants were the Tamoio Indians. After BrazilBrazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
was discovered and colonized by Portugal
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
, the Jesuits
Society of Jesus
The Society of Jesus is a Catholic male religious order that follows the teachings of the Catholic Church. The members are called Jesuits, and are also known colloquially as "God's Army" and as "The Company," these being references to founder Ignatius of Loyola's military background and a...
inhabited the place. In 1759, the Marquis of Pombal
Sebastião de Melo, Marquis of Pombal
Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Count of Oeiras, 1st Marquess of Pombal Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Count of Oeiras, 1st Marquess of Pombal Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Count of Oeiras, 1st Marquess of Pombal ((Marquês de Pombal, ; 13 May 1699–8 May 1782) was an 18th...
expelled the Jesuits, and the farms of the region were divided up to form small farms and quintas (residences located in rural properties). One of these was the Quinta da Boa Vista
Quinta da Boa Vista
The Quinta da Boa Vista is a public park of great historical importance in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The park was part of the gardens of the São Cristóvão Palace, the residence of the Emperors of Brazil in the 19th century....
.
In 1810, King John VI of Portugal
John VI of Portugal
John VI John VI John VI (full name: João Maria José Francisco Xavier de Paula Luís António Domingos Rafael; (13 May 1767 – 10 March 1826) was King of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves (later changed to just King of Portugal and the Algarves, after Brazil was recognized...
adopted the Quinta da Boa Vista as his official residence, the Paço de São Cristóvão
Paço de São Cristóvão
Paço de São Cristóvão is a palace located in the Quinta da Boa Vista park in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is the former residence of the Emperors of Brazil...
. Around it mansions and streets were built and electric light was installed. The local aristocracy moved to the neighborhood.
During the 19th century, several meters of land were reclaimed from the sea, and the swamps were drained. Pedro II of Brazil
Pedro II of Brazil
Dom Pedro II , nicknamed "the Magnanimous", was the second and last ruler of the Empire of Brazil, reigning for over 58 years. Born in Rio de Janeiro, he was the seventh child of Emperor Dom Pedro I of Brazil and Empress Dona Maria Leopoldina and thus a member of the Brazilian branch of...
, who was the country's second emperor, was born and bred in the neighborhood and from there he ruled the country for almost half a century. During his reign the neighborhood was modernized and industries were installed. He was deposed by a military coup on November 15, 1889 and the Quinta da Boa Vista became a museum in 1893.
In 1940, Avenida Brasil
Avenida Brasil
Avenida Brasil is an expressway-like thoroughfare in Rio de Janeiro....
, the most important road to transport the neighborhood's production, was inaugurated.
Especially during the 1950s and the 1960s, the industrialization of the area attracted migrants from several different regions of Brazil, particularly from the Northeast
Northeast Region, Brazil
The Northeast Region of Brazil is composed of the following states: Maranhão, Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe and Bahia, and it represents 18.26% of the Brazilian territory....
.
Sports
São Cristóvão is the home of São Cristóvão de Futebol e RegatasSão Cristóvão de Futebol e Regatas
São Cristóvão de Futebol e Regatas, or São Cristóvão as they are usually called, is a traditional Brazilian football team from Rio de Janeiro in Rio de Janeiro, founded on February 2, 1943. Their home stadium is the Figueirinha stadium, capacity 8,000. They play in white shirts, white shorts and...
, which is a traditional Rio de Janeiro football (soccer)
Football (soccer)
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball...
club. The club's stadium, Estádio Figueira de Melo
Estádio Figueira de Melo
Estádio Figueira de Melo, also known as Figueirinha, is a multi-use stadium located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is used mostly for football matches and hosts the home matches of São Cristóvão de Futebol e Regatas. The stadium has a maximum capacity of 8,000 people and was built in 1916...
, commonly known by its nickname Figueirinha, is also located in the neighborhood.
Cultural attractions
The National Museum
National Museum of Brazil
The National Museum of Brazil is a centenarian museum and research institution, located in the Quinta da Boa Vista park in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.-History:...
, its library and the zoological garden
Zoo
A zoological garden, zoological park, menagerie, or zoo is a facility in which animals are confined within enclosures, displayed to the public, and in which they may also be bred....
of Rio de Janeiro are located in the Quinta da Boa Vista
Quinta da Boa Vista
The Quinta da Boa Vista is a public park of great historical importance in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The park was part of the gardens of the São Cristóvão Palace, the residence of the Emperors of Brazil in the 19th century....
park.
There are two churches in the neighborhood, Church of São Cristóvão (Igreja de São Cristóvão) and Church of Saint Edwigs (Igreja de Santa Edwiges).
The São Cristóvão's Fair (Feira de São Cristóvão) is another popular attraction. It is always carried out on Sundays, by the Northeast Region community.