Sühbaataryn Yanjmaa
Encyclopedia
Sükhbaataryn Yanjmaa (Mongolian
: Сүхбаатарын Янжмаа; born Nemendeyen Yanjmaa Нэмэндэен Янжмаа; 1893 - 1963) was a Mongolia
n politician. Sükhbaataryn Yanjmaa was the widow of Damdin Sükhbaatar, the hero of Mongolia's 1921 revolution. That is why, after her husband's death, she adopted "Sükhbaataryn" in place of her patronymic
, which would have been Nemedeyen.
Yanjmaa served on the politburo
of the People's Revolutionary Party
from 1940 until 1954, and was Secretary of the party's Central Committee from 1941 until 1947. She was a member of the Presidium of the Little Khural (the executive committee of the State Great Khural, or Parliament) from 1940 to 1950, and of the Great Khural from 1950 to 1962. Following the death of Gonchigiin Bumtsend, she served as acting President of Mongolia
for the transitional period, lasting from 23 September 1953 until 7 July 1954.
This made her the second woman in the role of formal head of state of a republic, after Khertek Anchimaa-Toka
in the Tuvan People's Republic. The next and most popular one was Isabel Martínez de Perón
in Argentina
in 1974. The first one based on a popular election was Vigdís Finnbogadóttir
in Iceland
in 1980.
Mongolian language
The Mongolian language is the official language of Mongolia and the best-known member of the Mongolic language family. The number of speakers across all its dialects may be 5.2 million, including the vast majority of the residents of Mongolia and many of the Mongolian residents of the Inner...
: Сүхбаатарын Янжмаа; born Nemendeyen Yanjmaa Нэмэндэен Янжмаа; 1893 - 1963) was a Mongolia
Mongolia
Mongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest...
n politician. Sükhbaataryn Yanjmaa was the widow of Damdin Sükhbaatar, the hero of Mongolia's 1921 revolution. That is why, after her husband's death, she adopted "Sükhbaataryn" in place of her patronymic
Patronymic
A patronym, or patronymic, is a component of a personal name based on the name of one's father, grandfather or an even earlier male ancestor. A component of a name based on the name of one's mother or a female ancestor is a matronymic. Each is a means of conveying lineage.In many areas patronyms...
, which would have been Nemedeyen.
Yanjmaa served on the politburo
Politburo
Politburo , literally "Political Bureau [of the Central Committee]," is the executive committee for a number of communist political parties.-Marxist-Leninist states:...
of the People's Revolutionary Party
Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party
The Mongolian People's Party formerly the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party is an ex-communist political party in Mongolia. The party is abbreviated MPP in English and ' in Mongolian...
from 1940 until 1954, and was Secretary of the party's Central Committee from 1941 until 1947. She was a member of the Presidium of the Little Khural (the executive committee of the State Great Khural, or Parliament) from 1940 to 1950, and of the Great Khural from 1950 to 1962. Following the death of Gonchigiin Bumtsend, she served as acting President of Mongolia
President of Mongolia
The President of Mongolia is the head of state of Mongolia. The Constitution of Mongolia implements a parliamentary system, so while much of the President's role is ceremonial, he or she does wield significant political power.-Election:...
for the transitional period, lasting from 23 September 1953 until 7 July 1954.
This made her the second woman in the role of formal head of state of a republic, after Khertek Anchimaa-Toka
Khertek Anchimaa-Toka
Khertek Amyrbitovna Anchimaa-Toka was a Tuvinian/Soviet politician who in 1940-1944 was a chairman of Little Khural of Tuvan People's Republic, and the first elected or appointed female head of state in the modern world.-Biography:Khertek Anchimaa was born in what is now Bay-Tayginsky...
in the Tuvan People's Republic. The next and most popular one was Isabel Martínez de Perón
Isabel Martínez de Perón
María Estela Martínez Cartas de Perón , better known as Isabel Martínez de Perón or Isabel Perón, is a former President of Argentina. She was also the third wife of another former President, Juan Perón...
in Argentina
Argentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
in 1974. The first one based on a popular election was Vigdís Finnbogadóttir
Vigdís Finnbogadóttir
Vigdís Finnbogadóttir is an Icelandic politician who served as the fourth President of Iceland from 1980 to 1996. In addition to being both Iceland's and Europe's first female president, she was the world's first democratically elected female head of state...
in Iceland
Iceland
Iceland , described as the Republic of Iceland, is a Nordic and European island country in the North Atlantic Ocean, on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Iceland also refers to the main island of the country, which contains almost all the population and almost all the land area. The country has a population...
in 1980.