Tübinger Stift
Encyclopedia
Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg
The Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg is a Protestant church in the German former state of Württemberg, now the part of the state Baden-Württemberg. The seat of the church is in Stuttgart.It is a full member of the Evangelical Church in Germany , and is a Lutheran Church...
, and located in the university city of Tübingen
Tübingen
Tübingen is a traditional university town in central Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated south of the state capital, Stuttgart, on a ridge between the Neckar and Ammer rivers.-Geography:...
, in South West Germany. The Stift was originally founded as an Augustinian monastery
Monastery
Monastery denotes the building, or complex of buildings, that houses a room reserved for prayer as well as the domestic quarters and workplace of monastics, whether monks or nuns, and whether living in community or alone .Monasteries may vary greatly in size – a small dwelling accommodating only...
in the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
. After the Reformation
Reformation
- Movements :* Protestant Reformation, an attempt by Martin Luther to reform the Roman Catholic Church that resulted in a schism, and grew into a wider movement...
, in 1536, Duke Ulrich
Ulrich, Duke of Württemberg
Herzog Ulrich von Württemberg succeeded his kinsman Eberhard II as Duke of Württemberg in 1498, being declared of age in 1503.-Early life:...
turned the Stift into a seminary which served to prepare Protestant pastors for Württemberg. To this day the scholarship is still given to students in preparation for the ministry or teaching in Württemberg
Württemberg
Württemberg , formerly known as Wirtemberg or Wurtemberg, is an area and a former state in southwestern Germany, including parts of the regions Swabia and Franconia....
. Students receive a scholarship which consists of boarding, lodging and further academic support.
Some of the well known "Stiftlers" are the astronomer Johannes Kepler
Johannes Kepler
Johannes Kepler was a German mathematician, astronomer and astrologer. A key figure in the 17th century scientific revolution, he is best known for his eponymous laws of planetary motion, codified by later astronomers, based on his works Astronomia nova, Harmonices Mundi, and Epitome of Copernican...
and his associate, statesman Hans Ulrich von Eggenberg
Hans Ulrich von Eggenberg
Hans Ulrich von Eggenberg was an Austrian statesman, a son of Seyfried von Eggenberg and great-grandson of Balthasar Eggenberger of the House of Eggenberg.- Biography :...
, the poet Friedrich Hölderlin
Friedrich Hölderlin
Johann Christian Friedrich Hölderlin was a major German lyric poet, commonly associated with the artistic movement known as Romanticism. Hölderlin was also an important thinker in the development of German Idealism, particularly his early association with and philosophical influence on his...
, the philosophers G. W. F. Hegel and Friedrich Schelling, as well as the theologians David Friedrich Strauß
David Strauss
David Friedrich Strauss was a German theologian and writer. He scandalized Christian Europe with his portrayal of the "historical Jesus," whose divine nature he denied...
, Johann Albrecht Bengel
Johann Albrecht Bengel
Johann Albrecht Bengel , Lutheran pietist clergyman and Greek-language scholar known for his edition of the Greek New Testament and his commentaries on it.-Life and career:Bengel was born at Winnenden in Württemberg, Germany....
, Friedrich Christoph Oetinger
Friedrich Christoph Oetinger
Friedrich Christoph Oetinger was a German theosopher.He was born at Göppingen. He studied philosophy and theology at Tübingen , and was impressed by the works of Jakob Böhme. On the completion of his university course, Oetinger spent some years travelling...
, Ferdinand Christian Baur
Ferdinand Christian Baur
Ferdinand Christian Baur was a German theologian and leader of the Tübingen school of theology...
and Eberhard Nestle
Eberhard Nestle
Eberhard Nestle was a German biblical scholar, textual critic, Orientalist, editor of Novum Testamentum Graece, and the father of Erwin Nestle.- Life :...
, and the philologist August Pauly
August Pauly
August Friedrich von Pauly was a teacher who began the first edition of the classical encyclopedia Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, whose later editions are commonly known as the Pauly–Wissowa. Pauly died while working on the fourth volume....
.
Famous students from the past
- Nikodemus FrischlinPhilipp Nikodemus FrischlinPhilipp Nicodemus Frischlin , German philologist, poet, playwright, mathematician, and astronomer, was born at Erzingen, today part of Balingen in Württemberg, where his father was parish minister.- Life :He was educated as a scholar of "Tübinger Stift" at the university of Tübingen, where in 1568...
, poet, playwright, humanist, mathematician, astronomer (1547–1590) - Michael MaestlinMichael MaestlinMichael Maestlin was a German astronomer and mathematician, known for being the mentor of Johannes Kepler.-Career:...
, astronomer, mathematician (1550–1631) - Hans Ulrich von EggenbergHans Ulrich von EggenbergHans Ulrich von Eggenberg was an Austrian statesman, a son of Seyfried von Eggenberg and great-grandson of Balthasar Eggenberger of the House of Eggenberg.- Biography :...
, Statesman (1568–1634) - Johannes KeplerJohannes KeplerJohannes Kepler was a German mathematician, astronomer and astrologer. A key figure in the 17th century scientific revolution, he is best known for his eponymous laws of planetary motion, codified by later astronomers, based on his works Astronomia nova, Harmonices Mundi, and Epitome of Copernican...
, astronomer (1571–1630) - Johann Valentin Andreae, theologian (1586–1654)
- Wilhelm Schickhardt, theologian, astronomer, universal scientist (1592–1635)
- Johann Albrecht BengelJohann Albrecht BengelJohann Albrecht Bengel , Lutheran pietist clergyman and Greek-language scholar known for his edition of the Greek New Testament and his commentaries on it.-Life and career:Bengel was born at Winnenden in Württemberg, Germany....
, theologian (1687–1752) - Friedrich Christoph OetingerFriedrich Christoph OetingerFriedrich Christoph Oetinger was a German theosopher.He was born at Göppingen. He studied philosophy and theology at Tübingen , and was impressed by the works of Jakob Böhme. On the completion of his university course, Oetinger spent some years travelling...
, theologian (1702–1782) - Karl Friedrich Reinhard, French politician and diplomate (1761–1837)
- Karl Philipp Conz, poet, writer (1762–1827)
- Friedrich HölderlinFriedrich HölderlinJohann Christian Friedrich Hölderlin was a major German lyric poet, commonly associated with the artistic movement known as Romanticism. Hölderlin was also an important thinker in the development of German Idealism, particularly his early association with and philosophical influence on his...
, poet (1770–1843) - Georg Wilhelm Friedrich HegelGeorg Wilhelm Friedrich HegelGeorg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel was a German philosopher, one of the creators of German Idealism. His historicist and idealist account of reality as a whole revolutionized European philosophy and was an important precursor to Continental philosophy and Marxism.Hegel developed a comprehensive...
, philosopher (1770–1831) - Friedrich Schelling, philosopher (1775–1854)
- Gustav SchwabGustav SchwabGustav Benjamin Schwab was a German writer, pastor and publisher.-Life:Gustav Schwab was born in Stuttgart, the son of a professor and was introduced to the humanities early in life...
, minister, poet, writer (1792–1850) - Ferdinand Christian BaurFerdinand Christian BaurFerdinand Christian Baur was a German theologian and leader of the Tübingen school of theology...
, theologian (1792–1860) - August PaulyAugust PaulyAugust Friedrich von Pauly was a teacher who began the first edition of the classical encyclopedia Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, whose later editions are commonly known as the Pauly–Wissowa. Pauly died while working on the fourth volume....
, philologist (1796–1845) - Wilhelm HauffWilhelm HauffWilhelm Hauff was a German poet and novelist.-Early life:Hauff was born in Stuttgart, the son of August Friedrich Hauff, a secretary in the ministry of foreign affairs, and Hedwig Wilhelmine Elsaesser Hauff...
, writer (1802–1827) - Wilhelm WaiblingerWilhelm WaiblingerWilhelm Waiblinger was a German romantic poet, mostly remembered today in connection with Friedrich Hölderlin. After he had attended Gymnasium Illustre in Stuttgart, he was a student at the seminary of Tübingen in the 1820s, when Hölderlin, already mentally ill, lived there as a recluse in a...
, poet, writer (1804–1830) - Eduard MörikeEduard MörikeEduard Friedrich Mörike was a German Romantic poet.-Biography:Mörike was born in Ludwigsburg. His father was Karl Friedrich Mörike , a district medical councilor; his mother was Charlotte Bayer...
, minister and poet (1804–1875) - Friedrich Theodor VischerFriedrich Theodor VischerFriedrich Theodor Vischer was a German writer on the philosophy of art.Born at Ludwigsburg as the son of a clergyman, Vischer was educated at Tübinger Stift, and began life in his father's profession...
, writer, professor of literature (1807–1887) - David Friedrich StraußDavid StraussDavid Friedrich Strauss was a German theologian and writer. He scandalized Christian Europe with his portrayal of the "historical Jesus," whose divine nature he denied...
, theologian, philosopher, writer (1808–1874) - Hermann KurzHermann KurzHermann Kurz was a German poet and novelist.He was born at Reutlingen. Having studied at the theological seminary at Maulbronn and at the University of Tübingen, he became assistant pastor at Ehningen...
, poet, writer (1813–1873) - Eduard ZellerEduard ZellerEduard Gottlob Zeller , was a German philosopher and theologian of the Tübingen School of theology.- Life :Eduard Zeller was born at Kleinbottwar in Württemberg, and educated at the University of Tübingen and under the influence of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel...
, theologian, philosopher (1814–1908) - Georg HerweghGeorg HerweghGeorg Friedrich Rudolph Theodor Herwegh was a German revolutionary poet.-Biography:He was born in Stuttgart on 31 May 1817, the son of an innkeeper...
, poet, revolutionist (1817–1875) - Ferdinand von HochstetterFerdinand von HochstetterChristian Gottlieb Ferdinand Ritter von Hochstetter was a German geologist.He was born at Esslingen, Württemberg, the son of Christian Ferdinand Friedrich Hochstetter , a clergyman and professor at Bonn, who was also a botanist and mineralogist...
, geologist, naturalist (1829–1884) - Albert SchäffleAlbert SchäffleAlbert Eberhard Friedrich Schäffle , German statesman and political economist, was born at Nürtingen in Württemberg, and in 1848 became a student at the University of Tübingen....
, economist, sociologist, politician (1831–1903) - Eberhard NestleEberhard NestleEberhard Nestle was a German biblical scholar, textual critic, Orientalist, editor of Novum Testamentum Graece, and the father of Erwin Nestle.- Life :...
, theologian, orientalist (1851–1913) - Hans VaihingerHans VaihingerHans Vaihinger was a German philosopher, best known as a Kant scholar and for his Philosophie des Als Ob , published in 1911, but written more than thirty years earlier....
, philosopher (1852–1933) - Johannes Hieber, politician (1862–1951)
- Karl HeimKarl HeimKarl Heim was a professor of dogmatics at Münster and Tübingen. One of his students was Dietrich Bonhoeffer. He retired in 1939. His idea of God controlling quantum events that do and would seem otherwise random has been seen as the precursor to much of the current studies on divine action...
, theologian (1874–1958) - Edwin Hoernle, politician (1883–1952)
Quote
- "One need merely say «Tübingen Stift» to understand what German philosophy is at bottom—an insidious theology." – Friedrich NietzscheFriedrich NietzscheFriedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a 19th-century German philosopher, poet, composer and classical philologist...
Literature references
- Martin Leube: Das Tübinger Stift: 1770 – 1950; Geschichte des Tübinger Stifts. Stuttgart, Steinkopf (1954)
- Reinhard Breymayer: Freimaurer vor den Toren des Tübinger Stifts: Masonischer Einfluss auf Hölderlin? In: Tubingensia: Impulse zur Stadt- und Universitätsgeschichte. Festschrift für Wilfried Setzler zum 65. Geburtstag. Hrsg. von Sönke Lorenz und Volker [Karl] Schäfer in Verbindung mit dem Institut für Geschichtliche Landeskunde und Historische Hilfswissenschaften der Universität Tübingen. Redaktion: Susanne Borgards. (Ostfildern:) Jan Thorbecke Verlag, 2008 (Tübinger Bausteine zur Landesgeschichte, 10), pp. 355 – 395. - ISBN 978-3-7995-5510-4.