Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Ziraat Bankasi
Encyclopedia
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Ziraat Bankası (Agricultural Bank of the Republic of Turkey), also known as Ziraat Bankası, is the second biggest Turkish
bank
after İş Bankası. According to a report on the "Top 1000 World Banks in 2004" published by The Banker
magazine, TC Ziraat Bankasi A.S. is ranked 115th. It had moved up 26 places from its previous ranking of 141.
) province of the Ottoman Empire
(now in Serbia
), Midhat Pasha (1822-1884) began to take the first steps to overcome these difficulties in 1863 and achieved the reorganization of Homeland Funds, which became a law with Homeland Funds Regulations in 1867. Homeland Funds was the first agricultural financial institution founded by the state and operated with a state guarantee.
In 1888 Homeland Funds was renamed Ziraat Bankası (Agriculture Bank), and Ziraat Bankası's head office in Istanbul
began to function. The Greco-Turkish War between 1919 and 1922 affected the bank's policy. The Greek Invasion Forces opened a Ziraat Bank Management Center in İzmir
and occupied branches and funds were taken to the new Center's management. On the other hand Turkish Grand National Assembly charged the Ankara
branch of Ziraat Bank with the management of branches and funds. On September 9th of 1922, the İzmir organization was subjected to Ankara and on October 23rd, the Istanbul organization was also subjected to Ankara. After the National Independence War was won, Ziraat Bank became a united whole again.
In 1993 Ziraat Bank Moscow, Kazakhstan Ziraat International Bank (KZI Bank), Turkmen Turkish Commercial Bank (TTC Bank) and Uzbekistan Turkish Bank (UT Bank) were founded and started to operate. In 2001 Emlak Bankası was merged with Ziraat Bankası and closed.
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
bank
Bank
A bank is a financial institution that serves as a financial intermediary. The term "bank" may refer to one of several related types of entities:...
after İş Bankası. According to a report on the "Top 1000 World Banks in 2004" published by The Banker
The Banker
The Banker is an English-language monthly international financial affairs publication owned by The Financial Times Ltd. and edited in London...
magazine, TC Ziraat Bankasi A.S. is ranked 115th. It had moved up 26 places from its previous ranking of 141.
History
During the first half of the 19th century, with the adoption of western models of trade and finance, foreign banks began their activities in the Ottoman Empire. At that period, there was not enough capital to found a national banking system and no one could mention the existence of national banks as a source of capital. This situation was more harmful to farmers because they made up the majority of the population, and since they did not have any institutional financial structure to which to apply, they had to borrow money from the usurers with high interest rates. Under these conditions, the governor of Niş (NišNiš
Niš is the largest city of southern Serbia and third-largest city in Serbia . According to the data from 2011, the city of Niš has a population of 177,972 inhabitants, while the city municipality has a population of 257,867. The city covers an area of about 597 km2, including the urban area,...
) province of the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
(now in Serbia
Serbia
Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...
), Midhat Pasha (1822-1884) began to take the first steps to overcome these difficulties in 1863 and achieved the reorganization of Homeland Funds, which became a law with Homeland Funds Regulations in 1867. Homeland Funds was the first agricultural financial institution founded by the state and operated with a state guarantee.
In 1888 Homeland Funds was renamed Ziraat Bankası (Agriculture Bank), and Ziraat Bankası's head office in Istanbul
Istanbul
Istanbul , historically known as Byzantium and Constantinople , is the largest city of Turkey. Istanbul metropolitan province had 13.26 million people living in it as of December, 2010, which is 18% of Turkey's population and the 3rd largest metropolitan area in Europe after London and...
began to function. The Greco-Turkish War between 1919 and 1922 affected the bank's policy. The Greek Invasion Forces opened a Ziraat Bank Management Center in İzmir
Izmir
Izmir is a large metropolis in the western extremity of Anatolia. The metropolitan area in the entire Izmir Province had a population of 3.35 million as of 2010, making the city third most populous in Turkey...
and occupied branches and funds were taken to the new Center's management. On the other hand Turkish Grand National Assembly charged the Ankara
Ankara
Ankara is the capital of Turkey and the country's second largest city after Istanbul. The city has a mean elevation of , and as of 2010 the metropolitan area in the entire Ankara Province had a population of 4.4 million....
branch of Ziraat Bank with the management of branches and funds. On September 9th of 1922, the İzmir organization was subjected to Ankara and on October 23rd, the Istanbul organization was also subjected to Ankara. After the National Independence War was won, Ziraat Bank became a united whole again.
In 1993 Ziraat Bank Moscow, Kazakhstan Ziraat International Bank (KZI Bank), Turkmen Turkish Commercial Bank (TTC Bank) and Uzbekistan Turkish Bank (UT Bank) were founded and started to operate. In 2001 Emlak Bankası was merged with Ziraat Bankası and closed.