Ullevål Hageby is a residential area and garden city

Garden city movement

The garden city movement is a method of urban planning that was initiated in 1898 by Sir Ebenezer Howard in the United Kingdom. Garden cities were intended to be planned, self-contained communities surrounded by "greenbelts" , containing proportionate areas of residences, industry and...

 in borough Nordre Aker

Nordre Aker

Nordre Aker is a borough of the city of Oslo, Norway.-History:This area became part of the city of Oslo in 1948. Before that it was a part of Aker municipality in Akershus county.-Demographics and housing:...

 of Oslo

Oslo

Oslo is a municipality, as well as the capital and most populous city in Norway. As a municipality , it was established on 1 January 1838. Founded around 1048 by King Harald III of Norway, the city was largely destroyed by fire in 1624. The city was moved under the reign of Denmark–Norway's King...

, Norway

Norway

Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...

. All housing in the area is part of the housing cooperative

Housing cooperative

A housing cooperative is a legal entity—usually a corporation—that owns real estate, consisting of one or more residential buildings. Each shareholder in the legal entity is granted the right to occupy one housing unit, sometimes subject to an occupancy agreement, which is similar to a lease. ...

 Oslo Havebyselskap. The area borders on Ullevål University Hospital

Ullevål University Hospital

Ullevaal, Oslo University Hospital was opened in 1887. From January 1, 2009, the hospital is part of the Oslo University Hospital.Ullevål has more than 8,600 employees. 940 of them are doctors and 2,400 nurses. With a total of 1,200 beds Ullevål, admits some 45,000 patients per year and its...

 to the east, Blindern

Blindern

Blindern is the main campus of the University of Oslo, located in Nordre Aker in Oslo, Norway.-The campus:Most of the departments of the University of Oslo are located at Blindern; other, smaller campuses include Sentrum , Gaustad , St...

 in the west, and Berg

Berg, Oslo

Berg is a neighbourhood in the North End of Oslo. It is located in the bourough Nordre Aker, and is surrounded by the neighbourhoods Nordberg in the north, Tåsen in the east and Ullevål Hageby in the southwest. Berg is named after an abandoded farm with the same name. Berg is mainly a residential...

 to the north.

History

The area was built between 1918 and 1926, and consists of 116 buildings with 653 apartments, making it the largest garden city in the country. It was intended for the working class, as an attempt to create healthy housing with more space, and with a small plot of garden for each house. However, when the apartments were sold, people with a middle class background ended up as buyers, and today the area has among the highest prices in the city.

The land originally belonged to Store Ullevål gård, bought by the City of Oslo in 1909. All buildings are made of bricks, and consists of single dwellings, row housing and duplexes.

English garden city

In 1913, Oscar Hoff (1875-1942) won a contest to build Ullevål Hageby, and created a residential area that was a total departure from the squared buildings of the early days of industrialism. Already in 1910, "light, air, and green trees" became the ideal, 20 years prior to functionalism's take-over of this motto. Ullevål Hageby made an indelible mark on the way houses were built thereafter.

The area is based on the Ebenezer Howard

Ebenezer Howard

Sir Ebenezer Howard is known for his publication Garden Cities of To-morrow , the description of a utopian city in which people live harmoniously together with nature. The publication resulted in the founding of the garden city movement, that realized several Garden Cities in Great Britain at the...

's garden city concept launched in the book Tomorrow from 1898 and Garden Cities of Tomorrow from 1902. The idea was to launch small, self-sufficient units outsite the large cities. The main architect was Oscar Hoff, supplemented by Adolf Jensen

Adolf Jensen

Adolf Jensen was a German pianist, composer and music teacher, and was the brother of Gustav Jensen who was a violinist and composer.-Biography:...

 and architect and chief city planner Harald Hals. In 1925, the Ullevål Hageby Line

Ullevål Hageby Line

The Ullevål Hageby Line is a light rail section of the Oslo Tramway. It runs from Stortorvet in the city center of Oslo, Norway to Rikshospitalet. It passes through the areas of St. Hanshaugen, Ullevål Hageby and Blindern before reaching Gaustad...

 of the Oslo Tramway was extended to John Colletts plass

John Colletts plass (station)

John Colletts plass is a light rail station on the Oslo Tramway.Located in Ullevål Hageby in Nordre Aker borough, it was opened in 1925 as the terminus of the Ullevål Hageby Line. The name was given in 1938. In 1999 the line was extended to Rikshospitalet.The most prominent building at the square...

.

From the time Ullevål hageby was completed, the gardens have reflected changing garden ideals. Today the gardens are mainly for recreational use, while in the first years after Ullevål hageby was constructed, the cultivation of fruit and vegetables was also important.

Tram

The Ullevål Hageby Line

Ullevål Hageby Line

The Ullevål Hageby Line is a light rail section of the Oslo Tramway. It runs from Stortorvet in the city center of Oslo, Norway to Rikshospitalet. It passes through the areas of St. Hanshaugen, Ullevål Hageby and Blindern before reaching Gaustad...

 (Norwegian: Ullevål Hageby-linjen) is a light rail section of the Oslo Tramway. It runs from Stortorvet in the city center of Oslo, Norway to Rikshospitalet. It passes through the areas of St. Hanshaugen, Ullevål Hageby and Blindern before reaching Gaustad. It serves major institutions such as Oslo University College, Bislett Stadion, Ullevål University Hospital, the University of Oslo and Rikshospitalet. The line is served by route 17 and 18 by Oslo Sporvognsdrift using SL95 trams, while the tracks are owned by Kollektivtransportproduksjon.