Wörner Gap is a flat saddle extending 3 km in the south-north direction between Friesland Ridge

Friesland Ridge

Friesland Ridge is a ridge on Livingston Island in the South Shetlands, part of the Tangra Mountains. The summit, Mount Friesland, which rises to , is the northwesternmost of the ridge’s six main peaks...

 and Bowles Ridge

Bowles Ridge

Bowles Ridge is the central ridge of eastern Livingston Island. The ridge extends 6.5 km in the east-west direction and is 1.5 km wide. The summit of the ridge is Mount Bowles which rises to 822m and is located 9.77 km northwest of Great Needle Peak, 6.08 km north by west of...

 in eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands

South Shetland Islands

The South Shetland Islands are a group of Antarctic islands, lying about north of the Antarctic Peninsula, with a total area of . By the Antarctic Treaty of 1959, the Islands' sovereignty is neither recognized nor disputed by the signatories and they are free for use by any signatory for...

, Antarctica. Its elevation decreases from 585 m in the south to 541 m in the middle, and 525 m in the north. The gap separates the glacial catchments of Perunika Glacier

Perunika Glacier

Perunika Glacier is an 8 km long and 3 km wide roughly crescent-shaped glacier in eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica....

 to the west and Huron Glacier

Huron Glacier

Huron Glacier is a 7.7 km long and 3.5 km wide glacial flow on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The glacier is bounded by Bowles Ridge to the north, Wörner Gap to the west and Tangra Mountains to the south, receiving ice influx from several tributary glaciers...

 to the east, and is linked to the east to Kuzman Knoll

Kuzman Knoll

Kuzman Knoll is a solitary ice-covered knoll rising to 620 m in eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The knoll forms a conspicuous landmark in Wörner Gap area, overlooking Huron Glacier and upper Perunika Glacier...

, a conspicuous landmark in the area. The gap is visited by field parties from St. Kliment Ohridski Base

St. Kliment Ohridski Base

St. Kliment Ohridski Base is a Bulgarian Antarctic base on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands.The base, originally known as Sofia University Refuge, was named in 1993 "for St...

 and Juan Carlos I Base

Juan Carlos I Base

Juan Carlos I Antarctic Base, named after the king of Spain, Juan Carlos I, is a seasonal scientific station operated by Spain, opened in January 1988...

 and is subject to Spanish and Bulgarian glaciological

Glaciology

Glaciology Glaciology Glaciology (from Middle French dialect (Franco-Provençal): glace, "ice"; or Latin: glacies, "frost, ice"; and Greek: λόγος, logos, "speech" lit...

 studies.

The feature is named after the late Secretary General of the Atlantic Alliance Dr. Manfred Wörner

Manfred Wörner

Manfred Hermann Wörner was a German politician and diplomat. He served as the defense minister of West Germany between 1982 and 1988. He then served as the seventh Secretary General of NATO from 1988 to 1994. His term as Secretary General saw the end of the Cold War and the German reunification...

 (1934–94) in recognition of his contribution to European unity.

Location

The gap's midpoint is located at 62°38′13.5"S 60°10′57"W which is 1.07 km west of Kuzman Knoll

Kuzman Knoll

Kuzman Knoll is a solitary ice-covered knoll rising to 620 m in eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The knoll forms a conspicuous landmark in Wörner Gap area, overlooking Huron Glacier and upper Perunika Glacier...

, 2.39 km northwest of Zograf Peak

Zograf Peak

Zograf Peak rises to 1,011 metres at the northeastern extremity of the Friesland Ridge in the Tangra Mountains, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The peak is heavily glaciated and crevassed, with precipitous and partly ice-free northern slopes...

, 3.76 km north of Mount Friesland

Mount Friesland

Mount Friesland is the summit of Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island, in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The peak is rising to 1700 m sharp, and is heavily glaciated and crevassed. Situated 12.5 km northeast of Barnard Point, 9.7 km east-southeast of St...

, 2.64 km east-northeast of Pliska Peak, 3.79 km east of Burdick Peak

Burdick Peak

Burdick Peak rises southwest of Mount Bowles on Livingston Island, in the South Shetland Islands. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-names Committee in 1958 for Christopher Burdick, Master of the American schooner Huntress of Nantucket, who visited the South Shetland Islands in 1820–21....

, 2.49 km south-southeast of Mount Bowles

Mount Bowles

Mount Bowles is an ice-covered mountain of elevation 822 m, the summit of Bowles Ridge in eastern Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands. Situated 3 mi north of Mount Friesland to which it is linked by Wörner Gap. Coordinates and elevation given according to 2003 Australian GPS survey...

 and 1.53 km south of Montana Bluff

Montana Bluff

Montana Bluff is an ice-covered peak rising to 670 m at the end of a side ridge running south-southeast from Ticha Peak in central Bowles Ridge, Livingston Island. Surmounting Perunika Glacier to the west and southwest, and Huron Glacier to the east and southeast...

. British mapping in 1968 and Spanish in 1991, Bulgarian topographic surveys in 1995/96 and 2004/05

Tangra 2004/05

The Tangra 2004/05 Expedition was commissioned by the Antarctic Place-names Commission at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria, managed by the Manfred Wörner Foundation, and supported by the Bulgarian Antarctic Institute, the Institute of Mathematics and Informatics at the Bulgarian Academy...

, and mapping in 1996, 2005 and 2009.

Maps

• Isla Livingston: Península Hurd. Mapa topográfico de escala 1:25 000. Madrid: Servicio Geográfico del Ejército, 1991.
• L.L. Ivanov. Livingston Island: Central-Eastern Region. Scale 1:25000 topographic map. Sofia: Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, 1996.
• L.L. Ivanov et al. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Sofia: Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, 2005.
• L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2009. ISBN 978-954-92032-6-4

Reference

• SCAR Composite Antarctic Gazetteer.