-ene
Encyclopedia
The suffix
-ene is used in organic chemistry
to form names of organic compounds where the -C=C- group has been attributed the highest priority according to the rules of organic nomenclature. Sometimes a number between hyphen
s is inserted before it to say that the double bond
is between that atom and the atom with the next number up. This suffix is taken from the end of the word ethylene
, which is the simplest alkene
. The final "-e" disappears if it is followed by a suffix that starts with a vowel
, e.g. "-enal" which is a compound that contains both a -C=C- bond and an aldehyde
functional group. If the other suffix starts with a consonant
, the final "-e" remains, e.g. "-enediyne" (which has the "-ene" suffix and also the "-yne
" suffix, for a compound with a double bond
and two triple bond
s.)
A Greek number prefix before the "-ene" indicates how many double bonds there are in the compound, e.g. butadiene.
Affix
An affix is a morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word. Affixes may be derivational, like English -ness and pre-, or inflectional, like English plural -s and past tense -ed. They are bound morphemes by definition; prefixes and suffixes may be separable affixes...
-ene is used in organic chemistry
Organic chemistry
Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline within chemistry involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation of carbon-based compounds, hydrocarbons, and their derivatives...
to form names of organic compounds where the -C=C- group has been attributed the highest priority according to the rules of organic nomenclature. Sometimes a number between hyphen
Hyphen
The hyphen is a punctuation mark used to join words and to separate syllables of a single word. The use of hyphens is called hyphenation. The hyphen should not be confused with dashes , which are longer and have different uses, or with the minus sign which is also longer...
s is inserted before it to say that the double bond
Double bond
A double bond in chemistry is a chemical bond between two chemical elements involving four bonding electrons instead of the usual two. The most common double bond, that between two carbon atoms, can be found in alkenes. Many types of double bonds between two different elements exist, for example in...
is between that atom and the atom with the next number up. This suffix is taken from the end of the word ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene is a gaseous organic compound with the formula . It is the simplest alkene . Because it contains a carbon-carbon double bond, ethylene is classified as an unsaturated hydrocarbon. Ethylene is widely used in industry and is also a plant hormone...
, which is the simplest alkene
Alkene
In organic chemistry, an alkene, olefin, or olefine is an unsaturated chemical compound containing at least one carbon-to-carbon double bond...
. The final "-e" disappears if it is followed by a suffix that starts with a vowel
Vowel
In phonetics, a vowel is a sound in spoken language, such as English ah! or oh! , pronounced with an open vocal tract so that there is no build-up of air pressure at any point above the glottis. This contrasts with consonants, such as English sh! , where there is a constriction or closure at some...
, e.g. "-enal" which is a compound that contains both a -C=C- bond and an aldehyde
Aldehyde
An aldehyde is an organic compound containing a formyl group. This functional group, with the structure R-CHO, consists of a carbonyl center bonded to hydrogen and an R group....
functional group. If the other suffix starts with a consonant
Consonant
In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract. Examples are , pronounced with the lips; , pronounced with the front of the tongue; , pronounced with the back of the tongue; , pronounced in the throat; and ,...
, the final "-e" remains, e.g. "-enediyne" (which has the "-ene" suffix and also the "-yne
-yne
The suffix -yne is used in organic chemistry to form names of organic compounds containing the -C≡C- group, known generally as alkynes. Sometimes a number between hyphens is inserted before it to state which atoms the triple bond is between. This suffix arose as a collapsed form of the end of the...
" suffix, for a compound with a double bond
Double bond
A double bond in chemistry is a chemical bond between two chemical elements involving four bonding electrons instead of the usual two. The most common double bond, that between two carbon atoms, can be found in alkenes. Many types of double bonds between two different elements exist, for example in...
and two triple bond
Triple bond
A triple bond in chemistry is a chemical bond between two chemical elements involving six bonding electrons instead of the usual two in a covalent single bond. The most common triple bond, that between two carbon atoms, can be found in alkynes. Other functional groups containing a triple bond are...
s.)
A Greek number prefix before the "-ene" indicates how many double bonds there are in the compound, e.g. butadiene.