1584 in science
Encyclopedia
The year 1584 in science
and technology
included many events, some of which are listed here.
Science
Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe...
and technology
Technology
Technology is the making, usage, and knowledge of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, systems or methods of organization in order to solve a problem or perform a specific function. It can also refer to the collection of such tools, machinery, and procedures. The word technology comes ;...
included many events, some of which are listed here.
Astronomy
- Completion of Tycho BraheTycho BraheTycho Brahe , born Tyge Ottesen Brahe, was a Danish nobleman known for his accurate and comprehensive astronomical and planetary observations...
's subterranean observatory at StjerneborgStjerneborgStjerneborg was Tycho Brahe's underground observatory next to his palace-observatory Uraniborg, located on the island of Hven in Oresund....
. - Giordano BrunoGiordano BrunoGiordano Bruno , born Filippo Bruno, was an Italian Dominican friar, philosopher, mathematician and astronomer. His cosmological theories went beyond the Copernican model in proposing that the Sun was essentially a star, and moreover, that the universe contained an infinite number of inhabited...
, in EnglandEnglandEngland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
, publishes his "Italian Dialogues", including the cosmological tracts La Cena de le Ceneri ("The Ash Wednesday Supper"), De la Causa, Principio et Uno ("On Cause, Principle and Unity") and De l'Infinito Universo et Mondi ("On the Infinite Universe and Worlds").
Cartography
- Lucas Janszoon WaghenaerLucas Janszoon WaghenaerLucas Janszoon Waghenaer was a Dutch chief officer and cartographer who was born in Enkhuizen.He is one of the founding fathers and most famous members of the North Holland school, which played a major role in the early development of Dutch nautical chart-making.Between 1550 and 1579 Waghenaer...
publishes the first atlasAtlasAn atlas is a collection of maps; it is typically a map of Earth or a region of Earth, but there are atlases of the other planets in the Solar System. Atlases have traditionally been bound into book form, but today many atlases are in multimedia formats...
of nautical chartNautical chartA nautical chart is a graphic representation of a maritime area and adjacent coastal regions. Depending on the scale of the chart, it may show depths of water and heights of land , natural features of the seabed, details of the coastline, navigational hazards, locations of natural and man-made aids...
s, Spieghel der zeevaerdt (Mariner's Mirror). - The ItalianItalian peopleThe Italian people are an ethnic group that share a common Italian culture, ancestry and speak the Italian language as a mother tongue. Within Italy, Italians are defined by citizenship, regardless of ancestry or country of residence , and are distinguished from people...
Jesuit Matteo RicciMatteo RicciMatteo Ricci, SJ was an Italian Jesuit priest, and one of the founding figures of the Jesuit China Mission, as it existed in the 17th-18th centuries. His current title is Servant of God....
, in ZhaoqingZhaoqingZhaoqing is a prefecture-level city of Guangdong province in southern China.-Geography:Zhaoqing is located 110 km northwest of Guangzhou, in the west Pearl River Delta. It lies on the north shores of the Xijiang River, which is flows from west to east, and opposite of Gaoyao...
, produces the first ChineseChinese languageThe Chinese language is a language or language family consisting of varieties which are mutually intelligible to varying degrees. Originally the indigenous languages spoken by the Han Chinese in China, it forms one of the branches of Sino-Tibetan family of languages...
world map, on wood, Yudi Shanhai Quantu (舆地山海全图). - Abraham OrteliusAbraham Orteliusthumb|250px|Abraham Ortelius by [[Peter Paul Rubens]]Abraham Ortelius thumb|250px|Abraham Ortelius by [[Peter Paul Rubens]]Abraham Ortelius (Abraham Ortels) thumb|250px|Abraham Ortelius by [[Peter Paul Rubens]]Abraham Ortelius (Abraham Ortels) (April 14, 1527 – June 28,exile in England to take...
publishes Itinerarium per nonnullas Galliæ Belgicæ partes in Anvers.
Exploration
- June 4 - Walter Ralegh sends Phillip Amadas and Arthur Barlowe to explore the Outer BanksOuter BanksThe Outer Banks is a 200-mile long string of narrow barrier islands off the coast of North Carolina, beginning in the southeastern corner of Virginia Beach on the east coast of the United States....
of VirginiaVirginiaThe Commonwealth of Virginia , is a U.S. state on the Atlantic Coast of the Southern United States. Virginia is nicknamed the "Old Dominion" and sometimes the "Mother of Presidents" after the eight U.S. presidents born there...
(now North CarolinaNorth CarolinaNorth Carolina is a state located in the southeastern United States. The state borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south, Tennessee to the west and Virginia to the north. North Carolina contains 100 counties. Its capital is Raleigh, and its largest city is Charlotte...
), with a view to establishing an EnglishEnglish peopleThe English are a nation and ethnic group native to England, who speak English. The English identity is of early mediaeval origin, when they were known in Old English as the Anglecynn. England is now a country of the United Kingdom, and the majority of English people in England are British Citizens...
colonyColonyIn politics and history, a colony is a territory under the immediate political control of a state. For colonies in antiquity, city-states would often found their own colonies. Some colonies were historically countries, while others were territories without definite statehood from their inception....
; they locate Roanoke IslandRoanoke IslandRoanoke Island is an island in Dare County near the coast of North Carolina, United States. It was named after the historical Roanoke Carolina Algonquian people who inhabited the area in the 16th century at the time of English exploration....
.
Mathematics
- Jean Errard publishes Premier livre des instruments mathématiques at Nancy.
- Fabrizio Mordente publishes Il Signor del Compasso Fabritio Mordente. Con altri istromenti mathematici, suo fratello Gasparo da ritrovati at Anvers and introduces the parallel rulersParallel rulersParallel rulers are a drafting instrument used by navigators to draw parallel lines on charts. The tool consists of two straight edges joined by two arms which allow them to move closer or further away while always remaining parallel to each other.-History:...
.
Medicine
- Jacques GuillemeauJacques GuillemeauJacques Guillemeau was a French surgeon from Orléans. He is credited for making pioneer contributions in the fields of obstetrics and ophthalmology....
publishes his ophthalmologyOphthalmologyOphthalmology is the branch of medicine that deals with the anatomy, physiology and diseases of the eye. An ophthalmologist is a specialist in medical and surgical eye problems...
textbook Traite des maladies de l'oeil. - Thomas MuffetThomas MuffetThomas Muffet was an English naturalist and physician. He is best known for his Puritan beliefs, his study of insects in regards to medicine , his support of the Paracelsian system of medicine, and his emphasis on the importance of experience over reputation in the field of medicine.-Early...
publishes De jure et praestantia chemicorum medicamentorum.
Technology
- March 12 - Louis de Foix begins construction of Cordouan lighthouseCordouan lighthouseCordouan lighthouse is an active lighthouse located 7 km at sea, near the mouth of the Gironde estuary in France. At a height of it is the tenth tallest "traditional lighthouse" in the world....
on the Gironde estuaryGironde estuaryThe Gironde is a navigable estuary , in southwest France and is formed from the meeting of the rivers Dordogne and Garonne just below the centre of Bordeaux...
.
Other events
- Academy of Sciences established in LuccaLuccaLucca is a city and comune in Tuscany, central Italy, situated on the river Serchio in a fertile plainnear the Tyrrhenian Sea. It is the capital city of the Province of Lucca...
. - Nikola Vitov GučetićNikola Vitov GuceticNikola Vitov Gučetić was a ragusan statesman, philosopher, science writer from the Republic of Ragusa and author of one of the first scientific dissertations regarding speleology.-Life:...
publishes Sopra le Metheore d' Aristotile giving explanations for the causes of winds and of the movement of air in caves.
Births
- March 22? - Grégoire de Saint-VincentGrégoire de Saint-VincentGrégoire de Saint-Vincent , a Jesuit, was a mathematician who discovered that the area under a rectangular hyperbola is the same over [a,b] as over [c,d] when a/b = c/d...
, FlemishFlemish peopleThe Flemings or Flemish are the Dutch-speaking inhabitants of Belgium, where they are mostly found in the northern region of Flanders. They are one of two principal cultural-linguistic groups in Belgium, the other being the French-speaking Walloons...
mathematicianMathematicianA mathematician is a person whose primary area of study is the field of mathematics. Mathematicians are concerned with quantity, structure, space, and change....
(d. 16671667 in scienceThe year 1667 in science and technology involved some significant events.-Astronomy:* June 24 - The site of the Paris Observatory is located on the Paris Meridian.-History and philosophy of science:* Thomas Sprat publishes .-Mathematics:...
) - William BaffinWilliam BaffinWilliam Baffin was an English navigator and explorer. Nothing is known of his early life, but it is conjectured that he was born in London of humble origin, and gradually raised himself by his diligence and perseverance...
, EnglishEnglish peopleThe English are a nation and ethnic group native to England, who speak English. The English identity is of early mediaeval origin, when they were known in Old English as the Anglecynn. England is now a country of the United Kingdom, and the majority of English people in England are British Citizens...
explorer (d. 16221622 in scienceThe year 1622 in science and technology involved some significant events.-Mathematics:* The slide rule is invented by William Oughtred , an English mathematician, and later becomes the calculating tool of choice until the electronic calculator takes over in the early 1970s.-Physiology and...
) - Walter RumseyWalter RumseyWalter Rumsey was a Welsh judge and politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1640. He suffered for his support of the Royalist cause in the English Civil War...
, WelshWelsh peopleThe Welsh people are an ethnic group and nation associated with Wales and the Welsh language.John Davies argues that the origin of the "Welsh nation" can be traced to the late 4th and early 5th centuries, following the Roman departure from Britain, although Brythonic Celtic languages seem to have...
judgeJudgeA judge is a person who presides over court proceedings, either alone or as part of a panel of judges. The powers, functions, method of appointment, discipline, and training of judges vary widely across different jurisdictions. The judge is supposed to conduct the trial impartially and in an open...
and amateur scientist (d. 16601660 in scienceThe year 1660 in science and technology involved some significant events.-Events:* November 28 - At Gresham College in London, twelve men, including Christopher Wren, Robert Boyle, John Wilkins, and Robert Moray, meet after a lecture by Wren and resolve to found "a College for the Promoting of...
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Deaths
- June 13 - János Zsámboky, Hungarian physicianPhysicianA physician is a health care provider who practices the profession of medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury and other physical and mental impairments...
and scholar (b. 15311531 in scienceThe year 1531 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed here.-Astronomy:* Halley's Comet makes its only appearance this century .-Technology:...
) - July 12 - Steven BoroughSteven BoroughSteven Borough , English navigator, was born at Northam, Devon.In 1553 he took part in the expedition which was dispatched from the Thames under Sir Hugh Willoughby to look for a northern passage to Cathay and India, serving as master of the Edward Bonaventure, on which Richard Chancellor sailed as...
, English explorer (b. 15251525 in scienceThe year 1525 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed here.-Events:* Albrecht Dürer's book on geometry and perspective, The Painter's Manual is published at Nuremberg...
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