1857 in Ireland
Encyclopedia
Events
- April - General election.
- 12 July - In BelfastBelfastBelfast is the capital of and largest city in Northern Ireland. By population, it is the 14th biggest city in the United Kingdom and second biggest on the island of Ireland . It is the seat of the devolved government and legislative Northern Ireland Assembly...
, confrontations between crowds of CatholicsRoman Catholic ChurchThe Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church, with over a billion members. Led by the Pope, it defines its mission as spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ, administering the sacraments and exercising charity...
and ProtestantsProtestantismProtestantism is one of the three major groupings within Christianity. It is a movement that began in Germany in the early 16th century as a reaction against medieval Roman Catholic doctrines and practices, especially in regards to salvation, justification, and ecclesiology.The doctrines of the...
turn into 10 days of rioting, with many of the police force joining the Protestant side. There are also riots in DerryDerryDerry or Londonderry is the second-biggest city in Northern Ireland and the fourth-biggest city on the island of Ireland. The name Derry is an anglicisation of the Irish name Doire or Doire Cholmcille meaning "oak-wood of Colmcille"...
, PortadownPortadownPortadown is a town in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. The town sits on the River Bann in the north of the county, about 23 miles south-west of Belfast...
and LurganLurganLurgan is a town in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. The town is near the southern shore of Lough Neagh and in the north-eastern corner of the county. Part of the Craigavon Borough Council area, Lurgan is about 18 miles south-west of Belfast and is linked to the city by both the M1 motorway...
. - The Natural History MuseumNatural History Museum (Ireland)Ireland's Natural History Museum , often called the Dead Zoo a branch of the National Museum of Ireland, is housed on Merrion Street in Dublin, Ireland...
is opened by the Royal Dublin SocietyRoyal Dublin SocietyThe Royal Dublin Society was founded on 25 June 1731 to "to promote and develop agriculture, arts, industry, and science in Ireland". The RDS is synonymous with its main premises in Ballsbridge in Dublin, Ireland...
. - Dublin ZooDublin ZooDublin Zoo , in Phoenix Park, Dublin, Ireland is the largest zoo in Ireland and one of Dublin's most popular attractions. Opened in 1831, the zoo describes its role as conservation, study, and education...
's lionLionThe lion is one of the four big cats in the genus Panthera, and a member of the family Felidae. With some males exceeding 250 kg in weight, it is the second-largest living cat after the tiger...
s breed for the first time. - Tom GallaherTom GallaherThomas Gallaher was the founder of Gallaher Group, one of the largest cigarette manufacturers in the United Kingdom.-Career:...
sets up the GallaherGallaher GroupGallaher Group is a major United Kingdom-based multinational tobacco company. It was traded on the London Stock Exchange and was a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index, prior to its April 2007 acquisition by Japan Tobacco.-History:...
tobacco business in DerryDerryDerry or Londonderry is the second-biggest city in Northern Ireland and the fourth-biggest city on the island of Ireland. The name Derry is an anglicisation of the Irish name Doire or Doire Cholmcille meaning "oak-wood of Colmcille"...
.
Births
- 7 February - Windham Wyndham-Quin, 5th Earl of Dunraven and Mount-Earl, peer and politician (d.19521952 in Ireland-Events:*January 9 - Peig Sayers travels to Dublin for the first time in 81 years.*January 10 - An Aer Lingus aircraft crashes in Wales killing twenty passengers and the crew...
). - 11 March - Tom ClarkeTom Clarke (Irish republican)Thomas James "Tom" Clarke was an Irish revolutionary leader and arguably the person most responsible for the 1916 Easter Rising. A proponent of violent revolution for most of his life, he spent 15 years in prison...
, nationalist, rebel and organiser of the Easter RisingEaster RisingThe Easter Rising was an insurrection staged in Ireland during Easter Week, 1916. The Rising was mounted by Irish republicans with the aims of ending British rule in Ireland and establishing the Irish Republic at a time when the British Empire was heavily engaged in the First World War...
, executed (d.19161916 in Ireland-Events:*January 14 - Michael Collins quits his job in London and returns to Ireland.*February 14 - John Redmond is re-elected Chairman of the Irish Parliamentary Party in Dublin.*February 29 - The week long Derry Feis opens in the city....
). - 19 April - Patrick StonePatrick StonePatrick Stone was a Member of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly from 1901 to 1904, and from 1905 to 1908....
, Member of the Western Australian Legislative AssemblyWestern Australian Legislative AssemblyThe Legislative Assembly, or lower house, is one of the two chambers of parliament in the Australian state of Western Australia. It sits in Parliament House in the state capital, Perth....
(d.19421942 in Ireland-Events:*March 3 - Due to the The Emergency the rationing of gas is introduced.*March 5 - It is announced that Ireland is to have a new Central Bank replacing the old Currency Commission....
). - 20 April - Thomas MylesThomas MylesSir Thomas Myles, CB was a prominent Irish Home Ruler and surgeon, involved in the importation of arms for the Irish Volunteers in 1914....
, surgeon, Home Ruler, involved in importation of arms for the Irish VolunteersIrish VolunteersThe Irish Volunteers was a military organisation established in 1913 by Irish nationalists. It was ostensibly formed in response to the formation of the Ulster Volunteers in 1912, and its declared primary aim was "to secure and maintain the rights and liberties common to the whole people of Ireland"...
in 1914 (d.19371937 in Ireland-Events:*January 22 - The National Council of Women of Ireland is agitating to form a women's police force.*April 8 - All political parties and Church leaders gather at the Mansion House, Dublin to pay tribute to the Chief Rabbi, Dr. Herzog, who is leaving to take up the new post of Chief Rabbi of...
). - 19 May - William Morgan JellettWilliam Morgan JellettWilliam Morgan Jellett was an Irish Unionist Member of Parliament in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The Irish Unionists were the Irish wing of the Conservative Party. He was the son of Rev...
, Irish Unionist MPMember of ParliamentA Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
in the Parliament of the United KingdomParliament of the United KingdomThe Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom, British Crown dependencies and British overseas territories, located in London...
(d.19361936 in Ireland-Events:*February 9 - Brian de Valera, third son of Éamon de Valera, dies in a riding accident, aged 21.*March 5 - Five hundred delegates attend the Fine Gael - United Ireland Party Árd-Feis in Dublin. W. T...
). - 1 August - Alan Joseph AdamsonAlan Joseph AdamsonAlan Joseph Adamson was a Canadian politician.Born in Clifden, County Galway, Ireland, the son of John Evans Adamson and Harietta Bell, he was educated in Dublin and came to western Canada in 1873. He married Julia Turriff, who was the sister of John Gillanders Turriff, in 1882...
, politician in Canada (d.19281928 in Ireland-Events:*January 29 - In Belfast, members of the nationalist opposition protest at the Ulster Unionist Party government's plan to abolish Proportional representation.*January 31 - The outgoing Governor-General, T. M. Healy leaves the Vice-Regal Lodge...
). - 22 August - William Dowler MorrisWilliam Dowler MorrisWilliam Dowler Morris was mayor of Ottawa, Canada in 1901.He was born in County Leitrim, Ireland in 1857 and came to Canada in 1877. He became involved in the oil, coal and real estate businesses; he also owned a brickyard. Morris was first elected to city council in 1892...
, mayor of OttawaOttawaOttawa is the capital of Canada, the second largest city in the Province of Ontario, and the fourth largest city in the country. The city is located on the south bank of the Ottawa River in the eastern portion of Southern Ontario...
(d.19311931 in Ireland-Events:*12 February - Sixteen members of the Ennis Dalcassian Gaelic Athletic Association club are expelled for attending the Ennis-Nenagh rugby match....
). - 5 October - Peadar Mac Fhionnlaoich, Irish language writer (d.19421942 in Ireland-Events:*March 3 - Due to the The Emergency the rationing of gas is introduced.*March 5 - It is announced that Ireland is to have a new Central Bank replacing the old Currency Commission....
) - 1 November - W. H. Grattan FloodW. H. Grattan FloodChevalier William Henry Grattan Flood , renowned musicologist and historian, was born in Lismore in 1857. As a writer and ecclesiastical composer, his personal contributions to Irish musical form produced enduring works. As an historian his output was prolific on topics of local and national...
, musicologist and historian (d.19281928 in Ireland-Events:*January 29 - In Belfast, members of the nationalist opposition protest at the Ulster Unionist Party government's plan to abolish Proportional representation.*January 31 - The outgoing Governor-General, T. M. Healy leaves the Vice-Regal Lodge...
). - 1 November, John JolyJohn JolyJohn Joly FRS was an Irish physicist, famous for his development of radiotherapy in the treatment of cancer...
, scientist (d.19331933 in Ireland-Events:*February 4 - Fianna Fáil, led by Éamon de Valera, win their first overall majority in Dáil Éireann. He is welcomed in his own constituency in County Clare where 77 horsemen and 77 torchbearers who light 77 tar barrels in honour of the 77 seats won by the party.*February 21 -...
).
Full date unknown
- Margaret PearseMargaret PearseMargaret Pearse was an Irish politician. She was born in County Meath and moved to Dublin, and in 1877 married James Pearse , a Dubliner who was originally from Birmingham. She was the mother of Patrick Pearse, one of the leaders of the Easter Rising in 1916, who was executed soon after the rising...
, Fianna FáilFianna FáilFianna Fáil – The Republican Party , more commonly known as Fianna Fáil is a centrist political party in the Republic of Ireland, founded on 23 March 1926. Fianna Fáil's name is traditionally translated into English as Soldiers of Destiny, although a more accurate rendition would be Warriors of Fál...
politician, mother of Patrick PearsePatrick PearsePatrick Henry Pearse was an Irish teacher, barrister, poet, writer, nationalist and political activist who was one of the leaders of the Easter Rising in 1916...
and Willie PearseWillie PearseWilliam "Willie" Pearse was an Irish republican executed for his part in the Easter Rising. He was a younger brother of Patrick Pearse, a leader of the rising.-Background:...
(d.19321932 in Ireland-Events:*January 29 - Dáil Éireann is dissolved by the Governor-General, James McNeill. It brings ten years of Cumann na nGaedheal rule to an end.*March 7 - Dublin Corporation demands the return of the Hugh Lane pictures from the Tate Gallery in London....
). - Sir Henry Robinson, 1st BaronetSir Henry Robinson, 1st BaronetSir Henry Augustus Robertson, 1st Baronet, KCB, PC was an Irish civil servant.Robinson was born in Dublin, the son of Sir Henry Robinson and his wife Eva , daughter of the 10th Viscount Valentia...
, civil servant (d.19271927 in Ireland-Events:*April 6 - Dan Breen proposes a Bill in the Dáil that Article 17 of the Irish Free State Constitution be removed. President W. T. Cosgrave opposes the removal of the Oath of Allegiance....
). - T. W. RollestonT. W. RollestonThomas William Hazen Rolleston was an Irish writer, literary figure and translator, known as a poet but publishing over a wide range of literary and political topics...
, writer, poet and translator (d.19201920 in Ireland-Events:*27 February - The text of the Home Rule Bill to be introduced in the British House of Commons is published. It provides for the establishment of a 128-member parliament in Dublin and a 52-member parliament in Belfast....
).
Deaths
- 29 January - John ConnorsJohn ConnorsJohn Connors VC was born in Davaugh, Listowel, County Kerry, Ireland and was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.-Details:Connors was approximately 24 years...
, soldier, recipient of the Victoria CrossVictoria CrossThe Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration awarded for valour "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories....
for gallantry in 1855 at Sebastopol in the CrimeaCrimeaCrimea , or the Autonomous Republic of Crimea , is a sub-national unit, an autonomous republic, of Ukraine. It is located on the northern coast of the Black Sea, occupying a peninsula of the same name...
(b.18301830 in Ireland-Events:*10 May - Dublin Zoo opens. The first exhibit is a wild boar.*February - First Roman Catholics take their seats in the House of Commons at Westminster, among then Daniel O'Connell and Richard More O'Ferrall ....
). - 3 March - William BrownWilliam Brown (admiral)Admiral William Brown was an Irish-born Argentine Admiral. Brown's victories in the Independence War, the Argentina-Brazil War, and the Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata earned the respect and appreciation of the Argentine people, and today he is regarded as one of Argentina's national...
, creator and first admiral of the Argentine NavyArgentine NavyThe Navy of the Argentine Republic or Armada of the Argentine Republic is the navy of Argentina. It is one of the three branches of the Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic, together with the Army and the Air Force....
(b.17771777 in Ireland-Births:*4 May - Richard Bourke, soldier and Governor of New South Wales, Australia from 1831 to 1837 .*22 June - William Brown, creator and first admiral of the Argentine Navy .-Deaths:*3 February - Hugh Kelly, dramatist and poet ....
). - 9 April - Charles McCorrieCharles McCorrieCharles McCorrie VC was born in Killead, County Antrim and was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.-Details:He was approx...
, soldier, recipient of the Victoria CrossVictoria CrossThe Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration awarded for valour "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories....
for gallantry in 1855 at Sebastopol, in the Crimea (b.18301830 in Ireland-Events:*10 May - Dublin Zoo opens. The first exhibit is a wild boar.*February - First Roman Catholics take their seats in the House of Commons at Westminster, among then Daniel O'Connell and Richard More O'Ferrall ....
). - 11 July - John EganJohn Egan (Canadian politician)John Egan was an Irish-Canadian businessman and political figure in the Ottawa region.He was born near Aughrim, Ireland, in 1811. He came to Aylmer, Lower Canada, Canada, in 1830. After working with a lumber company on the upper Ottawa River, he entered the business himself near Bytown...
, businessman and politician in OttawaOttawaOttawa is the capital of Canada, the second largest city in the Province of Ontario, and the fourth largest city in the country. The city is located on the south bank of the Ottawa River in the eastern portion of Southern Ontario...
(b.18111811 in Ireland-Births:*21 January - James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Abercorn, politician and twice Lord Lieutenant of Ireland .*10 March - Yankee Sullivan, bare knuckle fighter and boxer .*11 November - John Egan, businessman and politician in Ottawa ....
). - 10 August - John Wilson CrokerJohn Wilson CrokerJohn Wilson Croker was an Irish statesman and author.He was born at Galway, the only son of John Croker, the surveyor-general of customs and excise in Ireland. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, where he graduated in 1800...
, statesman and author (b.17801780 in Ireland-Births:*January - William Henry Fitton, geologist .*13 April - Alexander Mitchell, engineer and inventor of the screw-pile lighthouse .*17 August - George Croly, poet, novelist, historian and divine ....
). - 19 September - John PurcellJohn PurcellJohn Purcell VC was an Irish soldier in the British Army who received the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces....
, soldier, recipient of the Victoria CrossVictoria CrossThe Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration awarded for valour "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories....
for gallantry in 1857 at DelhiDelhiDelhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...
, India, later killed in action (b.18141814 in Ireland-Events:*Apprentice Boys of Derry organisation is formed, although the Siege of Derry had been celebrated from the 17th century.-Births:*10 January - Aubrey Thomas de Vere, poet and critic .*9 May - John Brougham, actor and dramatist ....
). - 23 September - John NicholsonJohn Nicholson (general)Brigadier-General John Nicholson was a Victorian era military officer known for his role in British India. A charismatic and authoritarian figure, Nicholson created a legend for himself as a political officer under Henry Lawrence in the frontier provinces of the British Empire in India...
, military hero in India (b.18221822 in Ireland-Events:* 21 September HMS Confiance was wrecked between Mizen Head and Three Castles Head. All 100 aboard were lost-Births:*16 February - James Thomson, engineer and physicist ....
). - 17 December - Francis BeaufortFrancis BeaufortRear-Admiral Sir Francis Beaufort, FRS, FRGS was an Irish hydrographer and officer in Britain's Royal Navy...
, hydrographer and officer in the BritishUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and IrelandThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was the formal name of the United Kingdom during the period when what is now the Republic of Ireland formed a part of it....
Royal NavyRoyal NavyThe Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
, creator of the Beaufort scaleBeaufort scaleThe Beaufort Scale is an empirical measure that relates wind speed to observed conditions at sea or on land. Its full name is the Beaufort Wind Force Scale.-History:...
(b.17741774 in Ireland-Births:*7 May - Francis Beaufort, hydrographer and officer in the British Royal Navy, creator of the Beaufort scale .*11 July - Somerset Lowry-Corry, 2nd Earl Belmore, politician and statesman ....
).