1863 in art
Encyclopedia
Exhibitions
- First exhibition of the Salon des RefusésSalon des RefusésThe Salon des Refusés, French for “exhibition of rejects” , is generally an exhibition of works rejected by the jury of the official Paris Salon, but the term is most famously used to refer to the Salon des Refusés of 1863.-Background:...
, and coining of the term avant-gardeAvant-gardeAvant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics....
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Works
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- Alexandre CabanelAlexandre CabanelAlexandre Cabanel was a French painter.- Biography :Cabanel was born in Montpellier, Hérault. He painted historical, classical and religious subjects in the academic style. He was also well known as a portrait painter...
- The Birth of VenusThe Birth of Venus (Cabanel)The Birth of Venus is a painting by the French artist Alexandre Cabanel . It was painted in 1863, and is now in the Musée d'Orsay in Paris... - Édouard ManetÉdouard ManetÉdouard Manet was a French painter. One of the first 19th-century artists to approach modern-life subjects, he was a pivotal figure in the transition from Realism to Impressionism....
- Le déjeuner sur l'herbeThe Luncheon on the GrassLe déjeuner sur l'herbe – originally titled Le Bain – is a large oil on canvas painting by Édouard Manet created in 1862 and 1863. The painting depicts the juxtaposition of a female nude and a scantily dressed female bather on a picnic with two fully dressed men in a rural setting...
("Luncheon on the Grass") (Musée d'OrsayMusée d'OrsayThe Musée d'Orsay is a museum in Paris, France, on the left bank of the Seine. It is housed in the former Gare d'Orsay, an impressive Beaux-Arts railway station built between 1898 and 1900. The museum holds mainly French art dating from 1848 to 1915, including paintings, sculptures, furniture,...
, ParisParisParis is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
); OlympiaOlympia (painting)Olympia is an oil on canvas painting by Édouard Manet. Painted in 1863, it measures 130.5 by 190 centimetres . The nation of France acquired the painting in 1890 with a public subscription organized by Claude Monet...
(Musée d'Orsay, Paris)
Births
- April 3 - Henry Van de VeldeHenry van de VeldeHenry Clemens Van de Velde was a Belgian Flemish painter, architect and interior designer. Together with Victor Horta and Paul Hankar he could be considered one of the main founders and representatives of Art Nouveau in Belgium...
, painter, architect and designer, one of the founders of the Art NouveauArt NouveauArt Nouveau is an international philosophy and style of art, architecture and applied art—especially the decorative arts—that were most popular during 1890–1910. The name "Art Nouveau" is French for "new art"...
movement (d. 19571957 in art-Events:*Chicago's Lithuanian community opens the Čiurlionis Art Gallery.*John Lennon enrols at Liverpool College of Art.-Works:*Maurice Boitel - The Hens*Paul-Émile Borduas - Étoile noire*Arthur Boyd - Dreaming Bridegroom 1...
) - June 12 - Bertram Mackennal, Australian sculptor (d. 19311931 in art-Events:*The Whitney Museum of American Art is founded by Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney.*October 4 - Debut appearance of the Dick Tracy comic strip, created by cartoonist Chester Gould.-Works:*Max Beckmann - Paris Society...
) - June 16 - Arturo MichelenaArturo MichelenaArturo Michelena was a Venezuelan painter born in Valencia, Carabobo State. He began to paint at a young age under his father's tutelage. Traveled to Paris where he studied in the famous Académie Julian...
, painter (d. 18981898 in art-Paintings:*Herbert James Draper – The Lament for Icarus*Paul Gauguin – The White Horse *Edvard Munch – Metabolism-January to June:*3 February – Alvar Aalto, Finnish architect and designer...
) - November 11 - Paul SignacPaul SignacPaul Signac was a French neo-impressionist painter who, working with Georges Seurat, helped develop the pointillist style.-Biography:Paul Victor Jules Signac was born in Paris on 11 November 1863...
, neo-Impressionist painter (d. 19351935 in art-Works:*Pierre Bonnard - Nude in the Bathtub*Fernand Léger - Two Sisters*L. S. Lowry - *René Magritte -**The Discovery of Fire**The Portrait*Paul Nash - -Births:*19 August - Victor Ambrus, illustrator....
) - December 12 - Edvard MunchEdvard MunchEdvard Munch was a Norwegian Symbolist painter, printmaker and an important forerunner of expressionist art. His best-known composition, The Scream, is part of a series The Frieze of Life, in which Munch explored the themes of love, fear, death, melancholia, and anxiety.- Childhood :Edvard Munch...
, Norwegian painter (d. 19441944 in art-Awards:*Archibald Prize: Joshua Smith - Hon Sol Rosevear, MHR, Speaker of the House of Representatives-Paintings:*Francis Bacon - Three Studies for Figures at the Base of a Crucifixion*William Coldstream - Casualty Reception Station, Capua...
)
Deaths
- January 17 - Horace VernetHorace VernetÉmile Jean-Horace Vernet was a French painter of battles, portraits, and Orientalist Arab subjects.Vernet was born to Carle Vernet, another famous painter, who was himself a son of Claude Joseph Vernet. He was born in the Paris Louvre, while his parents were staying there during the French...
, French painter of battles, portraits, and OrientalistOrientalismOrientalism is a term used for the imitation or depiction of aspects of Eastern cultures in the West by writers, designers and artists, as well as having other meanings...
ArabArabArab people, also known as Arabs , are a panethnicity primarily living in the Arab world, which is located in Western Asia and North Africa. They are identified as such on one or more of genealogical, linguistic, or cultural grounds, with tribal affiliations, and intra-tribal relationships playing...
subjects (b. 17891789 in art-Events:*James Stuart and Nicholas Revett publish "The Antiquities of Athens" with William Pars's 1765 painting "The Parthenon when it contained a mosque".-Works:*Jacques-Louis David – The Lictors Bring to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons...
) - February 16 - Alvan FisherAlvan FisherAlvan Fisher was one of the United States's pioneers in landscape painting and genre works.-Early years:...
, United StatesUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
's pioneer in landscape painting and genre works (b. 17921792 in art-Events:*François-André Vincent becomes a professor at the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture in Paris.-Births:*February 24 – István Ferenczy, Hungarian sculptor *June 16 – John Linnell, English landscape painter...
) - April 4 - Ludwig Emil GrimmLudwig Emil GrimmLudwig Emil Grimm was a painter and engraver.He was born in Hanau, the younger brother of Brothers Grimm: Jacob and Wilhelm, who took care of him after their parents died in 1798 and supported his education. He went to Munich where he met with the engraver Karl Hess, and learned how to use the...
, painter and engraver (b. 17901790 in art-Works:* Joseph's Dream by Gaetano Gandolfi* Venus überredet Helena Paris zu erhören by Angelica Kauffmann* El Afilador and Sagrada Familia by Francisco de Goya* The Virgin Mary and Infant Jesus served by the Angels by Giuseppe Cades...
) - June 5 - Marie EllenriederMarie EllenriederAnna Marie Ellenrieder was a German painter.She was born in Konstanz, Germany, the daughter of Konrad and Anna Maria Herrmann, and the granddaughter of Franz Ludwig Herrmann....
, German painter (b. 17911791 in art-Births:*January 6 – William Bent Berczy, painter and political figure in Upper Canada *February 13 – Sylvester Shchedrin, Russian landscape painter *March 20 – Marie Ellenrieder, German painter...
) - July 7 - William MulreadyWilliam MulreadyWilliam Mulready was an Irish genre painter living in London. He is best known for his romanticizing depictions of rural scenes, and for creating Mulready stationery letter sheets, issued at the same time as the Penny Black postage stamp.-Life and family:William Mulready was born in Ennis, County...
, IrishIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
genre painter of rural scenes (b. 17861786 in art-Births:*January 26 – Benjamin Haydon, English historical painter and writer *April 1 – William Mulready, Irish genre painter of rural scenes *April 16 – Albrecht Adam, painter...
) - August 13 - Eugène DelacroixEugène DelacroixFerdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix was a French Romantic artist regarded from the outset of his career as the leader of the French Romantic school...
, FrenchFranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
RomanticRomanticismRomanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
painter (b. 17981798 in art-Works:*William Beechey – George III and the Prince of Wales reviewing troops*François Gérard – Cupid and Psyche*Antoine-Jean Gros – Le pont d'Arcole-Births:*February 17 – Josef Navrátil, Bohemian painter of paintings, murals, and frescos...
) - September 19 - Joseph NiggJoseph NiggJoseph Nigg was an Austrian painter, with painting on porcelain a specialty.Nigg studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna with Johann Baptist Drechsler. From 1800 to 1843, Nigg worked as a flower painter in a Viennese porcelain factory. Beginning in 1835, this post also involved holding...
- Austrian painter, with painting on porcelain a specialty (b. 17821782 in art-Births:* March 24 – Orest Kiprensky, Russian portraitist in the Age of Romanticism * April 7 – Sir Francis Legatt Chantrey – sculptor * May 16 – John Sell Cotman – English artist of the Norwich school especially watercolours...
) - December 4 - James Duffield HardingJames Duffield HardingJames Duffield Harding , English landscape painter, was the son of an artist, and took to the same vocation at an early age, although he had originally been destined for the law...
, EnglishEnglandEngland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
landscape painterLandscape artLandscape art is a term that covers the depiction of natural scenery such as mountains, valleys, trees, rivers, and forests, and especially art where the main subject is a wide view, with its elements arranged into a coherent composition. In other works landscape backgrounds for figures can still...
(b. 17981798 in art-Works:*William Beechey – George III and the Prince of Wales reviewing troops*François Gérard – Cupid and Psyche*Antoine-Jean Gros – Le pont d'Arcole-Births:*February 17 – Josef Navrátil, Bohemian painter of paintings, murals, and frescos...
) - December 10 - Charles C. InghamCharles C. InghamCharles Cromwell Ingham was an Irish portrait painter and later founder of the New York National Academy of Design during the 19th century....
, IrishIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
portrait painter and later founder of the New York National Academy of Design (b. 17971797 in art-Births:*June 16 – Sophie Fremiet, French painter *July 17 – Hippolyte Delaroche, French painter *August 8 – Joseph-Nicolas Robert-Fleury, French painter *September 19 – January Suchodolski, Polish painter and Army officer...
) - date unknown
- Étienne-Jean DelécluzeÉtienne-Jean DelécluzeEtienne-Jean Delécluze was a French painter and critic.From 1797 on, he was a pupil of Jacques-Louis David, as he describes in his biography of David...
, FrenchFranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
painter and critic (b. 17811781 in art-Works:*Jacques-Louis David – Belisarius begging for alms* Henry Fuseli – The Nightmare-Births:*March – John Burnet, Scottish engraver and painter *March 13 – Karl Friedrich Schinkel, architect and painter...
) - Karl Ludwig FrommelKarl Ludwig FrommelKarl Ludwig Frommel was a German landscape painter and engraver, born at Birkenfeld. He studied at Karlsruhe, under F. J. Becker and Haldenwang, visited Paris, and earned a considerable reputation in Italy . He was appointed professor at Karlsruhe where he founded the Society of Art and Industry...
- GermanGermanyGermany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
landscape painterLandscape artLandscape art is a term that covers the depiction of natural scenery such as mountains, valleys, trees, rivers, and forests, and especially art where the main subject is a wide view, with its elements arranged into a coherent composition. In other works landscape backgrounds for figures can still...
and engraver (b. 17891789 in art-Events:*James Stuart and Nicholas Revett publish "The Antiquities of Athens" with William Pars's 1765 painting "The Parthenon when it contained a mosque".-Works:*Jacques-Louis David – The Lictors Bring to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons...
) - Maria MartinMaria MartinMaria Martin Bachman of Charleston, South Carolina, USA, was a watercolor painter who provided many of the background paintings for John James Audubon on Birds of America and Viviparous Quadrupeds of North America . The U.S...
- AmericanUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
watercolor painter (b. 17961796 in art-Births:* February 3 – Jean Baptiste Madou, painter and lithographer *May 28 – William Miller, Scottish Quaker line engraver * July 2 – Michael Thonet, furniture designer * July 17 – Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot, French painter...
)
- Étienne-Jean Delécluze