1914 in Australia
Encyclopedia
1914 in Australia was dominated by the outbreak of World War I
. Andrew Fisher
, who became Prime Minister
a month after Australia entered the war vowed that Australia would "stand beside our own to help and defend Britain to the last man and the last shilling." In 1914, the Australian war effort was dominated by recruiting and equipping a force to fight overseas.
The southern winter rainfall zone of the continent suffered its worst rainfall failure
until 1982
. This led to record low wheat
yields and exacerbated the problems caused by outbreak of World War I.
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
. Andrew Fisher
Andrew Fisher
Andrew Fisher was an Australian politician who served as the fifth Prime Minister on three separate occasions. Fisher's 1910-13 Labor ministry completed a vast legislative programme which made him, along with Protectionist Alfred Deakin, the founder of the statutory structure of the new nation...
, who became Prime Minister
Prime Minister of Australia
The Prime Minister of the Commonwealth of Australia is the highest minister of the Crown, leader of the Cabinet and Head of Her Majesty's Australian Government, holding office on commission from the Governor-General of Australia. The office of Prime Minister is, in practice, the most powerful...
a month after Australia entered the war vowed that Australia would "stand beside our own to help and defend Britain to the last man and the last shilling." In 1914, the Australian war effort was dominated by recruiting and equipping a force to fight overseas.
The southern winter rainfall zone of the continent suffered its worst rainfall failure
1911-1916 Australian drought
The 1911–1916 Australian drought consisted of a series of droughts that affected various regions of Australia between the years of 1911 and 1916...
until 1982
1979-1983 Eastern Australian drought
Between 1979 and 1983 almost all of eastern Australia was affected by a major drought.Although in some places such as the South Coast the drought was almost continuous, in most of the affected region the major years of drought were 1980 and 1982.-Background:...
. This led to record low wheat
Wheat
Wheat is a cereal grain, originally from the Levant region of the Near East, but now cultivated worldwide. In 2007 world production of wheat was 607 million tons, making it the third most-produced cereal after maize and rice...
yields and exacerbated the problems caused by outbreak of World War I.
Incumbents
- MonarchMonarchy in AustraliaThe Monarchy of Australia is a form of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign of Australia. The monarchy is a constitutional one modelled on the Westminster style of parliamentary government, incorporating features unique to the Constitution of Australia.The present monarch is...
– King George VGeorge V of the United KingdomGeorge V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936.... - Governor-GeneralGovernor-General of AustraliaThe Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia is the representative in Australia at federal/national level of the Australian monarch . He or she exercises the supreme executive power of the Commonwealth...
– Thomas Denman, 3rd Baron DenmanThomas Denman, 3rd Baron DenmanThomas Denman, 3rd Baron Denman GCMG, KCVO, PC was a British Liberal politician and the fifth Governor-General of Australia.-Early years:...
(until 18 May), then Sir Ronald Munro Ferguson - Prime MinisterPrime Minister of AustraliaThe Prime Minister of the Commonwealth of Australia is the highest minister of the Crown, leader of the Cabinet and Head of Her Majesty's Australian Government, holding office on commission from the Governor-General of Australia. The office of Prime Minister is, in practice, the most powerful...
– Joseph CookJoseph CookSir Joseph Cook, GCMG was an Australian politician and the sixth Prime Minister of Australia. Born as Joseph Cooke and working in the coal mines of Silverdale, Staffordshire during his early life, he emigrated to Lithgow, New South Wales during the late 1880s, and became General-Secretary of the...
(until 17 September), then Andrew FisherAndrew FisherAndrew Fisher was an Australian politician who served as the fifth Prime Minister on three separate occasions. Fisher's 1910-13 Labor ministry completed a vast legislative programme which made him, along with Protectionist Alfred Deakin, the founder of the statutory structure of the new nation...
State premiers
- Premier of New South Wales – William HolmanWilliam HolmanWilliam Arthur Holman was an Australian Labor Party Premier of New South Wales, Australia, who split with the party on the conscription issue in 1916 during World War I, and immediately became Premier of a conservative Nationalist Party Government.-Early life:Holman was born in St Pancras, London,...
- Premier of Victoria – William Alexander Watt (until 18 June), then Alexander PeacockAlexander PeacockSir Alexander James Peacock, KCMG , Australian politician, was the 20th Premier of Victoria.Peacock was born of Scottish descent at Creswick, the first Victorian Premier born after the gold rush of the 1850s and the attainment of self-government in Victoria. He was distantly related to the family...
- Premier of Queensland – Digby DenhamDigby DenhamDigby Frank Denham was an Australian politician, businessman and leading Queensland Orangeman. He was a member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly from 1902 until 1915 representing the seat of Oxley, and was Premier of Queensland from 7 February 1911 to 1 June 1915...
- Premier of South Australia – Archibald PeakeArchibald PeakeArchibald Henry Peake was an Australian politician and the 25th Premier of South Australia, serving on three separate occasions in the 1910s.-Early life and career:...
- Premier of Western AustraliaPremier of Western AustraliaThe Premier of Western Australia is the head of the executive government in the Australian State of Western Australia. The Premier has similar functions in Western Australia to those performed by the Prime Minister of Australia at the national level, subject to the different Constitutions...
– John ScaddanJohn ScaddanJohn Scaddan, CMG , popularly known as "Happy Jack", was Premier of Western Australia from 7 October 1911 until 27 July 1916.- Biography :... - Premier of Tasmania – Albert SolomonAlbert SolomonAlbert Edgar Solomon was an Australian politician. He was Premier of Tasmania from 14 June 1912 to 6 April 1914....
(until 6 April), then John EarleJohn EarleJohn Earle may refer to:*John Earle , English bishop*John Earle *John Earle , Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon at the University of Oxford...
State governors
- Governor of New South Wales – Sir Gerald Strickland
- Governor of Victoria – Sir John Fuller, 1st BaronetSir John Fuller, 1st BaronetSir John Michael Fleetwood Fuller, 1st Baronet KCMG , was a British Liberal Party politician and colonial administrator....
(until 31 January), then Sir Arthur Stanley (from 23 February) - Governor of Queensland – William MacGregorWilliam MacGregorSir William MacGregor GCMG, CB was a Lieutenant-Governor of British New Guinea, Governor of Newfoundland and Governor of Queensland.-Early life:...
- Governor of South Australia – Admiral Sir Day BosanquetDay BosanquetAdmiral Sir Day Hort Bosanquet GCVO, KCB was the Governor of South Australia from 18 February 1909 until 22 March 1914.-Naval career:Born in Alnwick in Northumberland, Bosanquet joined the Royal Navy in 1857...
(until 22 March), then Lieutenant Colonel Sir Henry GalwayHenry GalwayLieutenant-Colonel Sir Henry Lionel Galway, KCMG, DSO was the Governor of South Australia from 18 April 1914 until 30 April 1920....
(from 18 April) - Governor of Western AustraliaGovernor of Western AustraliaThe Governor of Western Australia is the representative in Western Australia of Australia's Monarch, Queen Elizabeth II. The Governor performs important constitutional, ceremonial and community functions, including:* presiding over the Executive Council;...
– Sir Harry BarronHarry BarronMajor General Sir Harry Barron KCMG, CVO was Governor of Tasmania from 1909 to 1913, and Governor of Western Australia from 1913 to 1917.... - Governor of Tasmania – Sir William Ellison-MacartneyWilliam Ellison-MacartneySir William Grey Ellison-Macartney, KCMG was a British politician, who also served as the Governor of the Australian states of Tasmania and Western Australia.-Early life:...
Events
- 27 January – Lord Denman resigns as Governor-General.
- 9 February – Sir Ronald Munro Ferguson, a landholder and provostProvost (civil)A provost is the ceremonial head of many Scottish local authorities, and under the name prévôt was a governmental position of varying importance in Ancien Regime France.-History:...
of KirkcaldyKirkcaldyKirkcaldy is a town and former royal burgh in Fife, on the east coast of Scotland. The town lies on a shallow bay on the northern shore of the Firth of Forth; SSE of Glenrothes, ENE of Dunfermline, WSW of Dundee and NNE of Edinburgh...
appointed as the new Governor-General. - 16 February – Charles Heydon of the New South Wales Industrial Court finds that a "living wageLiving wageIn public policy, a living wage is the minimum hourly income necessary for a worker to meet basic needs . These needs include shelter and other incidentals such as clothing and nutrition...
" for a family of four would be 48 shillings a week but more than a living wage should be paid. His recommendation was a minimum wageMinimum wageA minimum wage is the lowest hourly, daily or monthly remuneration that employers may legally pay to workers. Equivalently, it is the lowest wage at which workers may sell their labour. Although minimum wage laws are in effect in a great many jurisdictions, there are differences of opinion about...
of 8s 6d for unskilled workers and 9s for heavy work. - 1 March – The first military aircraft in Australia are flown.
- 18 May – Sir Ronald Munro Ferguson commences duties as Governor-General.
- 8 June – Joseph Cook persuades Ferguson to hold Australia's first double dissolutionDouble dissolutionA double dissolution is a procedure permitted under the Australian Constitution to resolve deadlocks between the House of Representatives and the Senate....
election after the Government Preference Bill prohibiting preference to unionistsTrade unionA trade union, trades union or labor union is an organization of workers that have banded together to achieve common goals such as better working conditions. The trade union, through its leadership, bargains with the employer on behalf of union members and negotiates labour contracts with...
in Australian Government employment was twice rejected by the Senate of Australia. - 16 July – Maurice Guillaux leaves MelbourneMelbourneMelbourne is the capital and most populous city in the state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia. The Melbourne City Centre is the hub of the greater metropolitan area and the Census statistical division—of which "Melbourne" is the common name. As of June 2009, the greater...
to fly to SydneySydneySydney is the most populous city in Australia and the state capital of New South Wales. Sydney is located on Australia's south-east coast of the Tasman Sea. As of June 2010, the greater metropolitan area had an approximate population of 4.6 million people...
in a BlériotBlériot AéronautiqueBlériot Aéronautique was a French aircraft manufacturer founded by Louis Blériot. It also made a few cyclecars from 1921 to 1922.After Louis Blériot became famous for being the first to fly over the English Channel in 1909, he established an aircraft manufacturing company. This company really took...
monoplaneMonoplaneA monoplane is a fixed-wing aircraft with one main set of wing surfaces, in contrast to a biplane or triplane. Since the late 1930s it has been the most common form for a fixed wing aircraft.-Types of monoplane:...
in the first delivery of airmailAirmailAirmail is mail that is transported by aircraft. It typically arrives more quickly than surface mail, and usually costs more to send...
. He arrived in Sydney on 18 July after nine and a half hours of flying time. - 31 July – As the likelihood of Britain being involved in a European war became more likely, the leaders of both major parties pledge their support. Opposition Leader Andrew Fisher states in a speech at Colac, VictoriaColac, VictoriaColac is a small city located in the Western District of Victoria, Australia, situated approximately 150 kilometres south-west of Melbourne on the southern shore of Lake Colac and the surrounding volcanic plains, approximately 40 km inland from Bass Strait. Colac is the largest city in and...
Australians will stand beside her own to help and defend her to our last man and our last shilling. Prime Minister Joseph Cook states in Horsham, VictoriaHorsham, VictoriaHorsham is the largest city by population and regional centre of the Wimmera region of Victoria, Australia and is approximately north-west of Melbourne via the Western Highway. At the 2006 census, Horsham had a population of 14,125. Horsham is in the federal Division of Mallee...
"All of our resources in Australia are ... for the preservation and the security of the empire". - 4 August – The United KingdomUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
declares war on GermanyGermanyGermany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
– as a consequence Australia enters the war. - 5 August – Australia fires its first shot in World War I at Fort NepeanFort NepeanFort Nepean is a former defensive facility occupying part of Point Nepean, Victoria, Australia. It was part of a network of fortifications, commanded from Fort Queenscliff, protecting the narrow entrance to Port Phillip.- Background :...
in VictoriaVictoria (Australia)Victoria is the second most populous state in Australia. Geographically the smallest mainland state, Victoria is bordered by New South Wales, South Australia, and Tasmania on Boundary Islet to the north, west and south respectively....
. The German merchant ship Pfalz was leaving Port Phillip Bay at 12.10am when news of involvement in the war had just reached the fort. The battery fired shots across its bows forcing the ship to surrender. This is believed to be the first shots fired in anger by British Empire forces during the war. - 10 August – Recruiting begins for the First Australian Imperial ForceFirst Australian Imperial ForceThe First Australian Imperial Force was the main expeditionary force of the Australian Army during World War I. It was formed from 15 August 1914, following Britain's declaration of war on Germany. Generally known at the time as the AIF, it is today referred to as the 1st AIF to distinguish from...
. Australia had offered a force of 20,000 troops. - 18 August – The Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force of 1500 men leaves SydneySydneySydney is the most populous city in Australia and the state capital of New South Wales. Sydney is located on Australia's south-east coast of the Tasman Sea. As of June 2010, the greater metropolitan area had an approximate population of 4.6 million people...
to capture German New GuineaNew GuineaNew Guinea is the world's second largest island, after Greenland, covering a land area of 786,000 km2. Located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, it lies geographically to the east of the Malay Archipelago, with which it is sometimes included as part of a greater Indo-Australian Archipelago...
. - 5 September – The Australian Labor Party led by Andrew Fisher wins the Federal election of 1914 winning 42 out of 75 seats in the Australian House of RepresentativesAustralian House of RepresentativesThe House of Representatives is one of the two houses of the Parliament of Australia; it is the lower house; the upper house is the Senate. Members of Parliament serve for terms of approximately three years....
and 31 out of 36 seats in the Australian SenateAustralian SenateThe Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives. Senators are popularly elected under a system of proportional representation. Senators are elected for a term that is usually six years; after a double dissolution, however,...
. - 9 September – The light cruiserLight cruiserA light cruiser is a type of small- or medium-sized warship. The term is a shortening of the phrase "light armored cruiser", describing a small ship that carried armor in the same way as an armored cruiser: a protective belt and deck...
captures the German radio station in NauruNauruNauru , officially the Republic of Nauru and formerly known as Pleasant Island, is an island country in Micronesia in the South Pacific. Its nearest neighbour is Banaba Island in Kiribati, to the east. Nauru is the world's smallest republic, covering just...
. - 11 September – Australian troops land in German New Guinea.
- 13 September – RabaulRabaulRabaul is a township in East New Britain province, Papua New Guinea. The town was the provincial capital and most important settlement in the province until it was destroyed in 1994 by falling ash of a volcanic eruption. During the eruption, ash was sent thousands of metres into the air and the...
occupied. - 14 September – The Australian submarine lost with all 35 men while patrolling New BritainNew BritainNew Britain, or Niu Briten, is the largest island in the Bismarck Archipelago of Papua New Guinea. It is separated from the island of New Guinea by the Dampier and Vitiaz Straits and from New Ireland by St. George's Channel...
. - 17 September – The acting governor of German New Guinea surrenders.
- 29 October – The War Precautions Act 1914War Precautions Act 1914The War Precautions Act 1914 was an Act of the Parliament of Australia which gave the Government of Australia special powers for the duration of World War I and for six months afterwards.-Provisions:...
, which gave the Government of AustraliaGovernment of AustraliaThe Commonwealth of Australia is a federal constitutional monarchy under a parliamentary democracy. The Commonwealth of Australia was formed in 1901 as a result of an agreement among six self-governing British colonies, which became the six states...
special powers for the duration of World War IWorld War IWorld War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
and for six months afterwards, was passed by the Parliament of AustraliaParliament of AustraliaThe Parliament of Australia, also known as the Commonwealth Parliament or Federal Parliament, is the legislative branch of the government of Australia. It is bicameral, largely modelled in the Westminster tradition, but with some influences from the United States Congress...
. - 1 November – The first contingent of the First Australian Imperial ForceFirst Australian Imperial ForceThe First Australian Imperial Force was the main expeditionary force of the Australian Army during World War I. It was formed from 15 August 1914, following Britain's declaration of war on Germany. Generally known at the time as the AIF, it is today referred to as the 1st AIF to distinguish from...
leaves for EgyptEgyptEgypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
. - 6 November – Australian forces occupy NauruNauruNauru , officially the Republic of Nauru and formerly known as Pleasant Island, is an island country in Micronesia in the South Pacific. Its nearest neighbour is Banaba Island in Kiribati, to the east. Nauru is the world's smallest republic, covering just...
. - 9 November – Australia's first naval victory as defeats in the Battle of CocosBattle of CocosThe Battle of Cocos took place on 9 November 1914 during the First World War off the Cocos Islands, in the north east Indian Ocean. The German light cruiser attacked the British cable station on Direction Island and was engaged several hours later by the Australian light cruiser...
. - 30 November – The first aviation unit to leave for active service is sent to New Guinea.
- 21 December – Lieutenant-General Sir William Birdwood arrives in EgyptEgyptEgypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
to take command of the Australian and New Zealand Army CorpsAustralian and New Zealand Army CorpsThe Australian and New Zealand Army Corps was a First World War army corps of the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force that was formed in Egypt in 1915 and operated during the Battle of Gallipoli. General William Birdwood commanded the corps, which comprised troops from the First Australian Imperial...
.
Culture
At this time, Australia's multiculturalism was beginning.Sport
- 6 April – The Hawthorn Football ClubHawthorn Football ClubThe Hawthorn Football Club, nicknamed the Hawks, is a professional Australian rules football club in the Australian Football League . The club, founded in 1902, is the youngest of the Victorian-based teams in the AFL. The team play in Brown & Gold vertically striped guernseys...
joins the Victorian Football Association. - 1914 Great Britain Lions tour of Australia and New Zealand1914 Great Britain Lions tour of Australia and New ZealandThe 1914 Great Britain Lions tour of Australia and New Zealand was the British national rugby league team's second ever tour of Australasia, where it was winter and matches were played against the Australian and New Zealand national sides, as well as several local teams...
- The 1914 NSWRFL Premiership is won by South SydneySouth Sydney RabbitohsThe South Sydney Rabbitohs are an Australian professional rugby league football team based in Redfern, a suburb of South-central Sydney, New South Wales. They participate in the National Rugby League premiership and are one of nine existing teams from the state capital...
Births
- 11 February – Clyde CameronClyde CameronClyde Robert Cameron, AO , Australian politician, was a member of the Australian House of Representatives for 31 years from 1949 to 1980, a Cabinet minister in the Whitlam government and a leading figure in the Australian labour movement for forty years.-Biography:Cameron was born in Murray Bridge,...
(d. 2008), politician - 14 February – Norman Von NidaNorman Von NidaNorman Guy Von Nida was an Australian professional golfer.Von Nida was born in Strathfield and grew up in Brisbane. He turned professional in 1933, after attracting attention by winning the Queensland Amateur aged just 18...
(d. 2007), golfer - 14 March – Robert RoyceRobert RoyceRobert Dunlop Royce was an Australian botanist. He was curator of the Western Australian Herbarium from 1960 to 1974....
(d. 2008), botanist - 20 March – Tom Derrick (d. 1945), soldier and Victoria Cross recipient
- 26 March – Ray Robinson (d. 1965), cricketer
- 28 March – Kenneth Richard NorrisKenneth Richard NorrisDr. Kenneth Richard Norris was an eminent Australian entomologist.He was born in Geraldton, Western Australia. The family moved to Fremantle in 1922, which was to provide the opportunity for Dick and his younger brother Donald to pursue studies in agricultural science at the University of Western...
(d. 1983), entomologist - 10 April – Jack BadcockJack BadcockClayvel Lindsay 'Jack' Badcock was an Australian cricketer who played in 7 Tests from 1936 to 1938....
(d. 1982), cricketer - 7 May – Scobie BreasleyScobie BreasleyArthur Edward "Scobie" Breasley was an Australian jockey. He won the Caulfield Cup in Melbourne five times: 1942-45 consecutively on Tranquil Star, Skipton, Counsel and St Fairy; then on Peshawar in 1952...
(d. 2006), jockey - 21 May – Rhodes FairbridgeRhodes FairbridgeRhodes Whitmore Fairbridge was an Australian geologist and expert on climate change.Born in Pinjarra, Western Australia, Fairbridge graduated from Queen’s University in Ontario and earned his master’s degree from Oxford...
(d. 2006), geologist - 1 August – Hughie EdwardsHughie EdwardsAir Commodore Sir Hughie Idwal Edwards VC, KCMG, CB, DSO, OBE, DFC was a senior officer in the Royal Air Force, Governor of Western Australia, and an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest decoration for gallantry "in the face of the enemy" that can be awarded to members of the...
(d. 1982), pilot, Victoria Cross recipient and Governor of Western Australia - 3 August – Gordon BryantGordon BryantGordon Munro Bryant was an Australian politician. A member of the Australian Labor Party, he represented the Division of Wills from 1955 until his retirement in 1980....
(d. 1991), politician - 6 August – Gordon FreethGordon FreethSir Gordon Freeth KBE was an Australian politician.Freeth was born in Angaston, South Australia, the son of Robert Freeth and Gladys Mary Snashall...
(d. 1994), politician - 18 August – Arthur TangeArthur TangeSir Arthur Harold Tange AC, CBE was a prominent Australian senior public servant of the middle to late 20th century....
(d. 2001), public servant - 9 September – John PassmoreJohn PassmoreJohn Passmore AC was an Australian philosopher.Passmore was born in Manly, Sydney. He graduated from the University of Sydney with first-class honours in English literature and philosophy, and went on to study to become a secondary-school teacher...
(d. 2004), philosopher - 24 September – John Kerr (d. 1991), 18th Governor-General of Australia
- 25 September – Ted Humphries (d. 1994), NSW politician
- 4 October – Jim CairnsJim CairnsJames Ford "J. F." Cairns , Australian politician, was prominent in the Labor movement through the 1960s and 1970s, and was briefly Deputy Prime Minister in the Whitlam government...
(d. 2003), politician - 20 October – Fred Chaney (d. 2001), politician
- 7 November – Geoffrey BlackburnGeoffrey BlackburnGeoffrey Herbert Blackburn OAM is a Baptist minister, who served as Secretary and President General of the Baptist Union of Australia....
, Baptist minister - 8 December – Ernie ToshackErnie ToshackErnest Raymond Herbert Toshack was an Australian cricketer who played in 12 Tests from 1946 to 1948. A left arm medium paced bowler who was known for his accuracy and stamina in his application of leg theory, Toshack was best known for being as member of Don Bradman's Invincibles that toured...
(d. 2003), cricketer - 16 December – Jo GullettJo GullettHenry Baynton Somer 'Jo' Gullett AM MC, was an Australian soldier, politician, diplomat and journalist. He served with distinction in the Australian Army during World War II, was a controversial Liberal member of the Australian House of Representatives for the Division of Henty from 1946 to 1955,...
(d. 1999), soldier and politician - 21 December – Frank FennerFrank FennerFrank John Fenner, AC, CMG, MBE, FRS, FAA was an Australian scientist with a distinguished career in the field of virology...
(d. 2010), virologist - 29 December – Albert TuckerAlbert Tucker (artist)Albert Lee Tucker , a pivotal Australian artist, was a member of the Heide Circle, a group of leading modernist artists and writers that centred on the art patrons John and Sunday Reed, whose home, "Heide", located in Bulleen, near Heidelberg , was a haven for the group...
(d. 1999), artist
Deaths
- 11 March – John MackayJohn Mackay (Australian Pioneer)John Mackay was an explorer, sailor and harbourmaster, best known for founding the city of Mackay in Australia. He was associated with Henry Ling Roth....
(b. 1839), explorer, sailor and harbourmaster - 23 April – Alexander Robert EdgarAlexander Robert EdgarAlexander Robert Edgar was an early Methodist missioner in Australia.Edgar, was the second of five sons of Edward and Mary Edgar and was born in County Tipperary, Ireland. The family moved to Melbourne in February 1855, and about two years later his family settled at St Arnaud, then a small...
(b. 1850), Methodist minister - 23 June – Sir John Stokell DoddsJohn Stokell DoddsSir John Stokell Dodds KCMG, was an Australian politician and Chief Justice of Tasmania.-Early life:Dodds was born in Durham, England, the son of William Dodds and his wife Annie, née Shute. The family moved to Hobart, Tasmania, arriving in 1853. His father died soon afterwards and Dodds was...
(b. 1848), Chief Justice of Tasmania - 17 July – William PiguenitWilliam PiguenitWilliam Charles Piguenit was an Australian landscape painter.-Early life:Piguenit was born in Hobart, Tasmania, to Frederick Le Geyt Piguenit and Mary Ann née Igglesden. Frederick had been transported to Van Diemen's Land in 1830, with Frederick's fiancee, Mary Ann, following him...
(b. 1836), artist - 7 August – Bransby CooperBransby CooperBransby Beauchamp Cooper was a member of the Australian cricket team that played in the inaugural Test match at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in 1876–77...
(b. 1844), cricketer - 13 August – Gregor McGregorGregor McGregorThe Hon. Gregor McGregor was an influential Australian politician and trade union leader of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century....
(b. 1848), politician and trade union leader - 24 August – Sir Normand MacLaurinNormand MacLaurinSir Henry Normand MacLaurin, , was a Scottish-born physician, company director, Australian politician and university administrator.-Biography:...
(b. 1835), vice-chancellor of the University of Sydney - 4 September – William RamsayWilliam Ramsay (manufacturer)William Ramsay was a Scottish-born Australian shoe polish manufacturer. In 1906, Ramsay developed "Kiwi" brand shoe polish, today one of the most famous shoe polish brands in the world....
(b. 1868), maker of Kiwi shoe polish - 5 October – Albert SolomonAlbert SolomonAlbert Edgar Solomon was an Australian politician. He was Premier of Tasmania from 14 June 1912 to 6 April 1914....
(b. 1876), 23rd Premier of Tasmania - 13 October – Walter WithersWalter WithersWalter Herbert Withers was an Australian landscape artist and a member of the Heidelberg School of Australian impressionists.- Biography :...
(b. 1854), landscape artist - 9 December – John ArthurJohn Arthur (Australian politician)John Andrew Arthur was an Australian politician and briefly Minister for External Affairs.Arthur was born in Castlemaine, Victoria, son of a goldminer and spent his childhood in several Victorian goldmining towns. He won a state scholarship allowing him to attend Grenville College, Ballarat for...
(b. 1875), politician