1990 in Israel
Encyclopedia

Incumbents

  • Prime Minister of Israel
    Prime Minister of Israel
    The Prime Minister of Israel is the head of the Israeli government and the most powerful political figure in Israel . The prime minister is the country's chief executive. The official residence of the prime minister, Beit Rosh Hamemshala is in Jerusalem...

     – Yitzhak Shamir
    Yitzhak Shamir
    ' is a former Israeli politician, the seventh Prime Minister of Israel, in 1983–84 and 1986–92.-Biography:Icchak Jeziernicky was born in Ruzhany , Russian Empire . He studied at a Hebrew High School in Białystok, Poland. As a youth he joined Betar, the Revisionist Zionist youth movement...

     (Likud
    Likud
    Likud is the major center-right political party in Israel. It was founded in 1973 by Menachem Begin in an alliance with several right-wing and liberal parties. Likud's victory in the 1977 elections was a major turning point in the country's political history, marking the first time the left had...

    )
  • President of Israel
    President of Israel
    The President of the State of Israel is the head of state of Israel. The position is largely an apolitical ceremonial figurehead role, with the real executive power lying in the hands of the Prime Minister. The current president is Shimon Peres who took office on 15 July 2007...

     – Chaim Herzog
    Chaim Herzog
    Chaim Herzog served as the sixth President of Israel , following a distinguished career in both the British Army and the Israel Defense Forces .-Early life:...

  • Chief of General Staff - Dan Shomron
    Dan Shomron
    Gen. Dan Shomron was the 13th Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces, from 1987 to 1991....

  • Government of Israel - 23rd Government of Israel
    Twenty-third government of Israel
    The twenty-third government of Israel was formed by Yitzhak Shamir of Likud on 22 December 1988, following the November 1988 elections. The government remained a national unity coalition between Likud and the Alignment, with the National Religious Party, Shas, Agudat Yisrael and Degel HaTorah also...

     until June 11, 24th Government of Israel
    Twenty-fourth government of Israel
    The twenty-fourth government of Israel was formed by Yitzhak Shamir of Likud on 11 June 1990. This followed the failure of Alignment leader Shimon Peres to form a government, after the Alignment had pulled out of the previous national unity coalition, in an incident which became known as the dirty...


Events

  • February 22 – USSR announce that they will not allow direct commercial flights to Israel.
  • February 27 – Poland
    Poland
    Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...

     resumes diplomatic relations with Israel.
  • March 15 – The dirty trick
    The dirty trick (Israel)
    The dirty trick refers to a political scandal that erupted in Israel in 1990. It consisted of an attempt by Shimon Peres to form a narrow government made up of the left-wing factions and the ultra-orthodox parties...

    : Yitzhak Shamir
    Yitzhak Shamir
    ' is a former Israeli politician, the seventh Prime Minister of Israel, in 1983–84 and 1986–92.-Biography:Icchak Jeziernicky was born in Ruzhany , Russian Empire . He studied at a Hebrew High School in Białystok, Poland. As a youth he joined Betar, the Revisionist Zionist youth movement...

    's government is dissolved by a non-confidence vote of 60 to 55 in the Knesset
    Knesset
    The Knesset is the unicameral legislature of Israel, located in Givat Ram, Jerusalem.-Role in Israeli Government :The legislative branch of the Israeli government, the Knesset passes all laws, elects the President and Prime Minister , approves the cabinet, and supervises the work of the government...

    . The Agudat Yisrael party votes for the motion, while the Shas
    Shas
    Shas is an ultra-orthodox religious political party in Israel, primarily representing Sephardic and Mizrahi Haredi Judaism.Shas was founded in 1984 by dissident members of the Ashkenazi dominated Agudat Israel, to represent the interests of religiously observant Sephardic and Mizrahi ...

     party abstains. It is the only time in Israeli history that a government is dissolved by a motion of no confidence. The vote was 60 to 55.
  • March 28 – The US House of Foreigh Affairs committee approve a $400,000,000 loan for housing Soviet Jews in Israel.
  • March 29 – The senior Israeli officer, Col. Yehuda Meir, who was accused of ordering soldiers to "systematically break the bones" of nearly two dozen bound Palestinian demonstrators, denied the eight charges filed against him in the court martial proceedings, which included abuse, intentionaly causing serious damage and behavior unaccepatable for an officer.
  • April 3 – The Israeli reconnaissance satellite Ofek-2 is launched.
  • April 11 – The dirty trick
    The dirty trick (Israel)
    The dirty trick refers to a political scandal that erupted in Israel in 1990. It consisted of an attempt by Shimon Peres to form a narrow government made up of the left-wing factions and the ultra-orthodox parties...

    : Shimon Peres
    Shimon Peres
    GCMG is the ninth President of the State of Israel. Peres served twice as the eighth Prime Minister of Israel and once as Interim Prime Minister, and has been a member of 12 cabinets in a political career spanning over 66 years...

    ' new government is to be approved on this day. However, at the last moment, it is revealed that two Agudat Yisrael MKs are absent and therefore not going to support the motion to approve the new government, following Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson
    Menachem Mendel Schneerson
    Menachem Mendel Schneerson , known as the Lubavitcher Rebbe or just the Rebbe among his followers, was a prominent Hasidic rabbi who was the seventh and last Rebbe of the Chabad-Lubavitch movement. He was fifth in a direct paternal line to the third Chabad-Lubavitch Rebbe, Menachem Mendel...

    's ruling not to support any concession of territory by Israel.
  • April 26 – Israel's Supreme Court ordered the evacuation of 20 Jewish settlers, which provoked an international outcry when they moved to a building in the Christian Quarter
    Christian Quarter
    The Christian Quarter is one of the four quarters of the ancient, walled Old City of Jerusalem, the other three being the Jewish Quarter, the Muslim Quarter and the Armenian Quarter...

     of the Old City of Jerusalem.
  • May 3 – Bulgaria
    Bulgaria
    Bulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...

     resumes diplomatic relations with Israel.
  • May 14 – Rabbi Moshe Levinger
    Moshe Levinger
    Rabbi Moshe Levinger is an Israeli Religious Zionist who since 1967 has been a leading figure in the movement to settle Jews in the territories occupied by Israel during the 1967 Six-Day War...

    , who shot and killed the Palestinian store owner Khayed Salah and injured the customer Ibrahim Bali when he was attacked by stone throwers in the center of the city Hebron
    Hebron
    Hebron , is located in the southern West Bank, south of Jerusalem. Nestled in the Judean Mountains, it lies 930 meters above sea level. It is the largest city in the West Bank and home to around 165,000 Palestinians, and over 500 Jewish settlers concentrated in and around the old quarter...

     on September 30, 1988, was convicted after signing a plea bargain
    Plea bargain
    A plea bargain is an agreement in a criminal case whereby the prosecutor offers the defendant the opportunity to plead guilty, usually to a lesser charge or to the original criminal charge with a recommendation of a lighter than the maximum sentence.A plea bargain allows criminal defendants to...

    . Levinger was sentenced to five months in prison.
  • May 20 – Ami Popper
    Ami Popper
    -Murders:Popper, a former dishonorably-discharged soldier, put on his Israeli army uniform on 20 May 1990 and asked men waiting at a bus stop in the Israeli town of Rishon Lezion for their identity cards. After confirming they were Arabs he lined them up and opened fire, killing seven...

    , a former dishonorably-discharged Israeli soldier, kills seven Palestinians Arab
    Palestinian people
    The Palestinian people, also referred to as Palestinians or Palestinian Arabs , are an Arabic-speaking people with origins in Palestine. Despite various wars and exoduses, roughly one third of the world's Palestinian population continues to reside in the area encompassing the West Bank, the Gaza...

     workers from the Gaza Strip
    Gaza Strip
    thumb|Gaza city skylineThe Gaza Strip lies on the Eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. The Strip borders Egypt on the southwest and Israel on the south, east and north. It is about long, and between 6 and 12 kilometres wide, with a total area of...

     in the Israeli town of Rishon Lezion. Popper committed the murder with a rifle that he stole from his soldier brother.
  • June 11 – Yitzhak Shamir
    Yitzhak Shamir
    ' is a former Israeli politician, the seventh Prime Minister of Israel, in 1983–84 and 1986–92.-Biography:Icchak Jeziernicky was born in Ruzhany , Russian Empire . He studied at a Hebrew High School in Białystok, Poland. As a youth he joined Betar, the Revisionist Zionist youth movement...

     presents his new government
    Twenty-fourth government of Israel
    The twenty-fourth government of Israel was formed by Yitzhak Shamir of Likud on 11 June 1990. This followed the failure of Alignment leader Shimon Peres to form a government, after the Alignment had pulled out of the previous national unity coalition, in an incident which became known as the dirty...

    .
  • July 17 – Tze'elim I disaster: Five IDF
    Israel Defense Forces
    The Israel Defense Forces , commonly known in Israel by the Hebrew acronym Tzahal , are the military forces of the State of Israel. They consist of the ground forces, air force and navy. It is the sole military wing of the Israeli security forces, and has no civilian jurisdiction within Israel...

     reserve soldiers are killed in an accident during a joint artillery and infantry military training in the Tze'elim
    Tze'elim
    Tze'elim is a kibbutz in the Negev desert in southern Israel. It falls under the jurisdiction of Eshkol Regional Council and has a population of 418 in 2006....

     army base.
  • October 18 – The serial bank robber Ronnie Leibowitz
    Ronnie Leibowitz
    Rony Leibovitz is a convicted Israeli bank robber, nicknamed Ofnobank , due to his theft methods...

    , nicknamed "Ofnobank" (a combination of the words "motorcycle" and "bank" in Hebrew), is captured.
  • November 5 – Meir Kahane
    Meir Kahane
    Martin David Kahane , also known as Meir Kahane , was an American-Israeli rabbi and ultra-nationalist writer and political figure. He was an ordained Orthodox rabbi and later served as a member of the Israeli Knesset...

    , American-Israeli rabbi and ultra-nationalist writer and political figure, is assassinated in a Manhattan
    Manhattan
    Manhattan is the oldest and the most densely populated of the five boroughs of New York City. Located primarily on the island of Manhattan at the mouth of the Hudson River, the boundaries of the borough are identical to those of New York County, an original county of the state of New York...

     hotel, after concluding a speech warning American Jews to emigrate to Israel before it was "too late."

Israeli–Palestinian conflict

The most prominent events related to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict which occurred during 1990 include:

Notable Palestinian militant operations against Israeli targets

The most prominent Palestinian Arab terror attack
Palestinian political violence
Palestinian political violence refers to acts of violence undertaken to further the Palestinian cause. These political objectives include self-determination in and sovereignty over Palestine, the liberation of Palestine and establishment of a Palestinian state, either in place of both Israel and...

s committed against Israelis during 1990 include:
  • May 30 – PLF
    Palestine Liberation Front
    The Palestine Liberation Front is a Palestinian militant group, which is designated as a terrorist organization by Canada, the European Union and the USA. It is presently led by Dr. Wasel Abu Yousef.-Origins:...

     militants attempt an attack on Nitzanim
    Nitzanim
    Nitzanim is a kibbutz in southern Israel. Located between Ashkelon and Ashdod on the Nitzanim dunes, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hof Ashkelon Regional Council. In 2006 it had a population of 343....

     beach, near Tel Aviv
    Tel Aviv
    Tel Aviv , officially Tel Aviv-Yafo , is the second most populous city in Israel, with a population of 404,400 on a land area of . The city is located on the Israeli Mediterranean coastline in west-central Israel. It is the largest and most populous city in the metropolitan area of Gush Dan, with...

     with speedboats. Israeli ships and aircraft intercepted the militants, killing four militants and capturing 12.


Notable Israeli military operations against Palestinian militancy targets


The most prominent Israeli military counter-terrorism
Counter-terrorism
Counter-terrorism is the practices, tactics, techniques, and strategies that governments, militaries, police departments and corporations adopt to prevent or in response to terrorist threats and/or acts, both real and imputed.The tactic of terrorism is available to insurgents and governments...

 operations (military campaign
Military campaign
In the military sciences, the term military campaign applies to large scale, long duration, significant military strategy plan incorporating a series of inter-related military operations or battles forming a distinct part of a larger conflict often called a war...

s and military operations) carried out against Palestinian militants during 1990 include:
  • March 16 – Israeli army kill three alleged DFLP
    Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine
    The Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine is a Palestinian Marxist-Leninist, secular political and military organization. It is also frequently referred to as the Democratic Front, or al-Jabha al-Dimuqratiyah...

     members in the South Lebanon security zone.

Unknown dates

  • The founding of the communal settlement
    Communal settlement (Israel)
    A community settlement is a type of town in Israel. While in an ordinary town anyone may buy property, in a community settlement the town's residents, who are organized in a cooperative, can veto a sale of a house or a business to an undesirable buyer....

     Avshalom
    Avshalom, Israel
    -External links:* Negev Information Centre...

    .

Notable deaths

  • January 9 – Shlomo Pines
    Shlomo Pines
    Shlomo Pines was a scholar of Jewish and Islamic philosophy, best known for his English translation of Maimonides' Guide to the Perplexed.-Biography:...

     (b. 1908
    1908 in France
    See also:1907 in France,other events of 1908,1909 in France.----Events from the year 1908 in France.-Events:*12 January - A long-distance radio message is sent from the Eiffel Tower for the first time....

    ), French-born Israeli scholar of Jewish and Islamic philosophy.
  • February 20 – Verdina Shlonsky
    Verdina Shlonsky
    Verdina Shlonsky was an Israeli composer, pianist, and piano teacher, often described as the leading female Israeli composer of her time....

     (b. 1905), Russian (Ukraine)-born Israeli composer, pianist, and piano teacher.
  • June 30 - Hillel Omer
    Hillel Omer
    Ayin Hillel was the pen name of Hillel Omer , an Israeli poet and children's author. -Biography:Hillel Omer was born in Kibbutz Mishmar HaEmek in the Jezreel Valley. His father changed his surname, Kotovitz, to Ogni . He fought in the Palmach during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War...

     (b. 1926
    1926 in the British Mandate of Palestine
    Events in the year 1926 in the British Mandate of Palestine.-Incumbents:* High Commissioner - Herbert Onslow Plumer* Emir of Transjordan - Abdullah I bin al-Hussein...

    ), Israeli poet and writer.
  • November 5 – Meir Kahane
    Meir Kahane
    Martin David Kahane , also known as Meir Kahane , was an American-Israeli rabbi and ultra-nationalist writer and political figure. He was an ordained Orthodox rabbi and later served as a member of the Israeli Knesset...

     (b. 1932
    1932 in the United States
    -January–March:* January 1 – The United States Post Office Department issues a set of 12 stamps commemorating the 200th anniversary of George Washington's birth.* January 12 – Hattie W...

    ), American-born Israeli rabbi and ultra-nationalist writer and political figure.
  • Full date unknownKarl Frankenstein
    Karl Frankenstein
    Karl Frankenstein was an Israeli professor in special education and pedagogy.-Biography:Frankenstein was born in 1905 in Berlin, Germany. In 1927, he completed his studies in philosophy and psychology at Berlin University and the University of Erlangen. During his studies, he was actively involved...

     (b. 1905
    1905 in Germany
    -National level:* Kaiser - Wilhelm II* Chancellor - Bernhard von Bülow-Kingdoms:* King of Bavaria - Otto of Bavaria* King of Prussia - Kaiser Wilhelm II* King of Saxony - Frederick Augustus III of Saxony* King of Württemberg - William II of Württemberg...

    ), German-born Israeli professor in special education and pedagogy.

See also

  • 1990 in Israeli film
    1990 in Israeli film
    A list of films produced by the Israeli film industry in 1990.-1990 releases:-Unknown premiere date:-External links:* at the Internet Movie Database...

  • 1990 in Israeli television
  • 1990 in Israeli music
  • 1990 in Israeli sport
  • Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 1990

External links

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