2010–11 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season
Encyclopedia
The 2010–11 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season was the least active tropical cyclone season in the South-West Indian Ocean on record. It began on November 1, 2010 and ended on April 30, 2011, dates which conventionally delimit the year in which most tropical cyclones form in the basin. However any tropical cyclone that developed between July 1, 2010, and June 30, 2011 would've count towards the seasonal count. The South-West Indian Ocean basin is defined as being to the south of the equator and between the coast of Africa and 90°E
Longitude
Longitude is a geographic coordinate that specifies the east-west position of a point on the Earth's surface. It is an angular measurement, usually expressed in degrees, minutes and seconds, and denoted by the Greek letter lambda ....

. The basin is monitored by Meteo France in Réunion
Réunion
Réunion is a French island with a population of about 800,000 located in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar, about south west of Mauritius, the nearest island.Administratively, Réunion is one of the overseas departments of France...

 (MFR), while the Madagascan weather service (MWS) and Mauritius Meteorological service (MMS) name tropical cyclones when they reach moderate tropical storm intensity. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) also issue warnings for the basin, designating tropical cyclones with a number and an "S" Suffix. The 2010-11 season was originally predicted by MMS to see 8-10 named tropical storms. However, the season became the first season since 1926-27 to only have two tropical storms, at the start of March.

Seasonal Summary

On October 22 2010, the MMS, released their seasonal outlook and predicted that there would be between 8 and 10 named storms within the basin during the season. On October 25, MFR initiated advisories on Tropical Disturbance 1, which was located to the west of Jakarta
Jakarta
Jakarta is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Officially known as the Special Capital Territory of Jakarta, it is located on the northwest coast of Java, has an area of , and a population of 9,580,000. Jakarta is the country's economic, cultural and political centre...

, Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...

, during the next day the disturbance intensified into a tropical depression. Over the next couple of days, the depression gradually weakened, before MFR issued the final advisory on October 29. The basin then lay quiet for a month before Tropical Disturbance 2, developed on November 29, and gradually intensified further. On December 1, MFR reported that the disturbance had developed into a moderate tropical storm while the MMS named it as Abele. Abele then intensified further and on December 2, peaked as a tropical cyclone, before during the next day, it moved into the Australian region
2010–11 Australian region cyclone season
The 2010–11 Australian region cyclone season was a near average tropical cyclone season, with eleven tropical cyclones forming compared to an average of 12. The season began on 1 November 2010 and ended on 30 April 2011. The Australian region is defined as being to south of the equator, between the...

. Throughout the rest of December the basin remained quiet, with no tropical disturbances developing. At the end of December, the MMS issued an updated seasonal outlook, predicting that only 6-8 named tropical storms would develop during 2010-11. Tropical Disturbance 03 then developed on January 2, to the southeast of Diego Garcia
Diego Garcia
Diego Garcia is a tropical, footprint-shaped coral atoll located south of the equator in the central Indian Ocean at 7 degrees, 26 minutes south latitude. It is part of the British Indian Ocean Territory [BIOT] and is positioned at 72°23' east longitude....

 and quickly developed into a tropical depression. MFR then issued their final advisory on the system the next day as it had rapidly weakened. Until January 30, there were no more recorded tropical disturbances, however the remnants of Tropical Disturbance 3 persisted until January 16. On January 30, MFR reported that Tropical Disturbance 4 had developed to the southwest of Reunion, however they issued their final advisory the next day as the disturbance was no longer tropical. On February 9, MFR reported that Tropical Disturbance 5, had developed to the east of Madagascar, during that day the disturbance quickly developed into a tropical storm, with the MWS, naming the system as Bingiza. During the next couple of days, Bingzia slowly developed further, before rapidly intensifying into a intense tropical cyclone by early on February 14. During that day Bingzia fluctuated in intensity before making landfall on Madagascar. On February 15, while Bingiza was over Madagascar, MFR reported that Tropical Disturbance 6 had developed to the northwest of Reunion. During the rest of February, there were no more tropical disturbances or named systems.

Tropical Depression 01

On October 25, the Météo-France
Météo-France
Météo-France is the French national meteorological service.The organisation was established by decree in June 1993 and is a department of the Ministry of Transportation. It is headquartered in Paris but many domestic operations have been decentralised to Toulouse...

 (MFR) reported that a tropical disturbance has formed in the South Western Indian Ocean, and gave it the identifier "01". On the same day, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center
Joint Typhoon Warning Center
The Joint Typhoon Warning Center is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force task force located at the Naval Maritime Forecast Center in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii...

 (JTWC) identified the tropical disturbance as a low pressure area, located at approximately 800 nautical miles (1,481.6 km) east of Diego Garcia
Diego Garcia
Diego Garcia is a tropical, footprint-shaped coral atoll located south of the equator in the central Indian Ocean at 7 degrees, 26 minutes south latitude. It is part of the British Indian Ocean Territory [BIOT] and is positioned at 72°23' east longitude....

. On October 26, the MFR upgraded the disturbance into a tropical depression. Later that day, the JTWC upgraded the low pressure area directly into a tropical storm. On October 27, the MFR reported that the system slightly weakened. Later that day, the MFR reported that the system further weakened into a Tropical Disturbance. Late on the same day, the JTWC has also reported that the storm weakened into a lower end Tropical Depression issuing their final warning on the system. Despite its weakness, the system had very good convection and showed a few signs of re-intensifying. However, on October 29, the convection in the system started depleting and the disturbance continued to weaken. Later, the MFR issued their final advisory on the disturbance. The remnants of the system persisted as they slowly moved west, until it dissipated completely on November 1, just south of the Arabian Sea
Arabian Sea
The Arabian Sea is a region of the Indian Ocean bounded on the east by India, on the north by Pakistan and Iran, on the west by the Arabian Peninsula, on the south, approximately, by a line between Cape Guardafui in northeastern Somalia and Kanyakumari in India...

.

Tropical Cyclone Abele

On 29 November, both the TCWC Perth and the Météo-France
Météo-France
Météo-France is the French national meteorological service.The organisation was established by decree in June 1993 and is a department of the Ministry of Transportation. It is headquartered in Paris but many domestic operations have been decentralised to Toulouse...

 (MFR) reported that a tropical distrubance had formed within the South-West Indian Ocean, and gave it the identifier "02". Later that day, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center
Joint Typhoon Warning Center
The Joint Typhoon Warning Center is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force task force located at the Naval Maritime Forecast Center in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii...

 (JTWC) classified it as Tropical Cyclone 03S, locating it 700 nautical miles (1,296.4 km) west of Cocos Island
Cocos Island
Cocos Island is an uninhabited island located off the shore of Costa Rica . It constitutes the 11th district of Puntarenas Canton of the province of Puntarenas. It is one of the National Parks of Costa Rica...

. On November 30, the MFR upgraded the disturbance into a tropical depression. On December 1 it was named Abele by the Mauritius Meteorological Service as it became the first tropical storm of the season. On the very same day, the MFR reported that Abele intensified into a severe tropical storm. On December 2, the MFR reported that Abele continued to intensify and became a tropical cyclone. It was given a Category 1 Tropical cyclone status by the JTWC. On December 3, both the JTWC and MFR reported that Abele crossed 90°E
Longitude
Longitude is a geographic coordinate that specifies the east-west position of a point on the Earth's surface. It is an angular measurement, usually expressed in degrees, minutes and seconds, and denoted by the Greek letter lambda ....

 and moved into the Australian region.

Tropical Depression 03

On December 28, 2010, an area of low pressure developed near Indonesia. On January 2, 2011, the Météo-France
Météo-France
Météo-France is the French national meteorological service.The organisation was established by decree in June 1993 and is a department of the Ministry of Transportation. It is headquartered in Paris but many domestic operations have been decentralised to Toulouse...

 (MFR) upgraded the area of low pressure into a tropical disturbance giving it the identifier "03". A few hours later, the MFR upgraded the disturbance into a tropical depression. Early the next day, the MFR reported that the depression started weakening and became a Tropical Disturbance. A few hours later, the MFR issued their final advisory on the system. On January 4, nearly a day after the system dissipated, the remnant had good convection developing around it. Early on January 5, the convection in the remnants started depleting. The remnants of the depression continued to track towards the west-southwest before turning southward several hundred kilometres northeast of Reunion on January 12. On January 15, the system began to redevelop, prompting the issuance of a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert by the JTWC. Early on January 16, the remnants of the system had gained enough organization and the MFR reupgraded the system into a Tropical Depression. However, the system drifted straight and made landfall near Fenoarivo, Madagascar
Madagascar
The Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa...

 and quickly weakened over land. This resulted in the cancellation of the Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert by the JTWC. Late on 17 January, the system dissipated completely.

Tropical Disturbance 04

On January 30, the Météo-France
Météo-France
Météo-France is the French national meteorological service.The organisation was established by decree in June 1993 and is a department of the Ministry of Transportation. It is headquartered in Paris but many domestic operations have been decentralised to Toulouse...

 (MFR) upgraded an area of low pressure, south of La Réunion
La Reunion
La Reunion may refer to:* La Reunion , a communal settlement near present-day Dallas, Texas*La Réunion, Lot-et-Garonne, a town in the Lot-et-Garonne department of France*Réunion, an island in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar...

 into a Tropical Disturbance and designated it with '04'. Early on the next day, the MFR issued their last advisory on the system as it was no longer tropical.

Intense Tropical Cyclone Bingiza

Early on February 9, the Météo-France
Météo-France
Météo-France is the French national meteorological service.The organisation was established by decree in June 1993 and is a department of the Ministry of Transportation. It is headquartered in Paris but many domestic operations have been decentralised to Toulouse...

 (MFR) upgraded an area of low pressure into a Tropical Disturbance and designated it with '05'. At the time it was reported to be 140 nm (260 km) north-northeast of Tromelin Island
Tromelin Island
Tromelin Island is a low, flat 0.8-square-kilometre island in the Indian Ocean, about east of Madagascar . There are no harbours or anchorages and access by sea is difficult. The island has a 1,200-metre airstrip. It is a French territory...

. A few hours later, the MFR upgraded the disturbance into a tropical depression. The depression continued to intensify rapidly and on the same day, it became a Moderate Tropical Storm. Soon afterwards, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center
Joint Typhoon Warning Center
The Joint Typhoon Warning Center is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force task force located at the Naval Maritime Forecast Center in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii...

 (JTWC) started monitoring the system as Tropical Cyclone 13S. However, on February 11, the central pressure started increasing and the system gradually weakened. On the next day, environmental conditions became very favourable for rapid strengthening, with no upper level wind shear
Wind shear
Wind shear, sometimes referred to as windshear or wind gradient, is a difference in wind speed and direction over a relatively short distance in the atmosphere...

 and very good upper level divergence. The nearly-stationary system started intensifying again and became a Severe Tropical Storm, and soon a Tropical Cyclone, and then into an Intense Tropical Cyclone. But, due to interaction with land mass, Bingiza weakened into a Tropical cyclone, late on February 13. Early on the next day, Bingiza made landfall over Saranambana
Saranambana
Saranambana is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Fenerive Est, which is a part of Analanjirofo Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 47,000 in 2001 commune census....

, Madagascar
Madagascar
The Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa...

 and started weakening rapidly. As a result, the MFR downgraded it into an Overland Depression. The system slowly moved over Madagascar and crossed into the Mozambique Channel
Mozambique Channel
The Mozambique Channel is a portion of the Indian Ocean located between the island nation of Madagascar and southeast Africa, primarily the country of Mozambique. It was a World War II clashpoint during the Battle of Madagascar...

 on February 16, with the MFR reporting that the system became a Tropical Disturbance. As it entered water, it started intensifying and soon became a Tropical Depression. It briefly attained Moderate Tropical Storm status before making landfall and weakening to Tropical Depression strength. Bingiza later rapidly weakened as it crossed southern Madagascar, and dissipated on February 20 in the southern Indian Ocean.

As Bingiza neared land, rain and thundershowers hit Madagascar
Madagascar
The Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa...

, causing flooding.

Tropical Disturbance 06

On February 15, the Météo-France
Météo-France
Météo-France is the French national meteorological service.The organisation was established by decree in June 1993 and is a department of the Ministry of Transportation. It is headquartered in Paris but many domestic operations have been decentralised to Toulouse...

 (MFR) upgraded an area of low pressure northeast of La Réunion
La Reunion
La Reunion may refer to:* La Reunion , a communal settlement near present-day Dallas, Texas*La Réunion, Lot-et-Garonne, a town in the Lot-et-Garonne department of France*Réunion, an island in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar...

 into a Tropical Disturbance, and designated it with '06'. The next day it weakened under moderate windshear
WindShear
The Windshear Full Scale Rolling Road Wind Tunnel is an automotive wind tunnel in Concord, North Carolina.In January 2008 Wind Shear, a division of US machine tool builder Haas Automat-80.7ion, completed construction on one of the most advanced automotive wind tunnels in the world. The full-scale...

. It dissipated completely on February 20.

Moderate Tropical Storm Cherono

On 14 March, Tropical Low 23U crossed from the Australian region into the South West Indian Ocean basin, and was classified as Tropical Disturbance 07. It quickly strengthened the next day into a Tropical Depression, before being upgraded to Moderate Tropical Storm strength and being named Cherono. By 19 March, it was reported to be weakening and on 23 March Cherono dissipated.

Tropical Disturbance 08

On March 28, an area of disturbed weather moved into the South-West Indian Ocean Basin, and the next day it was classified as Tropical Disturbance 08. The MFR expected it to intensify into a Moderate Tropical Storm at the start of April; however, increased shear took its toll, and it dissipated on April 1.

Subtropical Depression 09

On April 13, a Subtropical Depression formed south-east of Madagascar
Madagascar
The Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa...

. It retained subtropical characteristics, while the winds reached that equivalent of a Severe Tropical Storm strength.

Storm Names

Within the South-west Indian Ocean Tropical Depressions and Subtropical Depressions that are judged to have 10-minute sustained windspeeds of 65 km/h, (40 mph) by the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center
Regional Specialized Meteorological Center
A Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre is responsible for the distribution of information, advisories, and warnings regarding the specific program they have a part of, agreed by consensus at the World Meteorological Organization as part of the World Weather Watch.-Tropical...

 on La Réunion Island
Réunion
Réunion is a French island with a population of about 800,000 located in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar, about south west of Mauritius, the nearest island.Administratively, Réunion is one of the overseas departments of France...

, France (RSMC La Réunion) are usually assigned a name. However it is the Sub-Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Centers in Mauritius and Madagascar who name the systems. The Sub-Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Center in Mauritius names the storm should it intensify into a moderate tropical storm between 55°E
55th meridian east
The meridian 55° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Asia, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole....

 and 90°E
90th meridian east
The meridian 90° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.The Ninety East Ridge is named after the meridian....

, if the storm should intensify into a moderate tropical storm between 30°E
30th meridian east
The meridian 30° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Turkey, Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole....

 and 55°E
55th meridian east
The meridian 55° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Asia, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole....

 then the Sub-Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Center in Madagascar assigns the appropriate name to the storm. Tropical Cyclones moving into this region from the Australian Region
2010–11 Australian region cyclone season
The 2010–11 Australian region cyclone season was a near average tropical cyclone season, with eleven tropical cyclones forming compared to an average of 12. The season began on 1 November 2010 and ended on 30 April 2011. The Australian region is defined as being to south of the equator, between the...

 are renamed by the Sub-Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Center in Mauritius, however tropical cyclones moving into the Australian region do not get renamed. New name lists are used every year, whilst a name is normally only used once so thus no names are retired.
  • Abele
  • Bingiza
    Cyclone Bingiza
    Cyclone Bingiza was the only named storm to make landfall in the inactive 2010–11 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season. The second of three storms, Bingiza developed on February 9 to the northeast of Madagascar. For a few days it meandered generally southwestward, failing to intensify...

  • Cherono

Season effects

This table lists all the storms that developed in the Southern Hemisphere during the 2010–2011 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season. It includes their intensity, duration, name, landfalls, deaths, and damages. All data is taken from Météo-France
Météo-France
Météo-France is the French national meteorological service.The organisation was established by decree in June 1993 and is a department of the Ministry of Transportation. It is headquartered in Paris but many domestic operations have been decentralised to Toulouse...

. The damage figures are all from 2010 USD.
RSMC/JTWC
Number
Storm
Name
Dates active Storm category
at peak intensity
Peak 10-min
sustained winds
Pressure
hPa
Areas affected Damage
(USD)
Deaths October 25 – October 29 1 Tropical Depression abbr=on 55 997 None None None
02/03S Abele November 29 – December 3 3 Tropical Cyclone abbr=on 130 973 None None None
03 N/A January 2 – January 17 1 Tropical Depression abbr=on 55 996 Madagascar None None
04 N/A January 30 – January 31 0 Tropical Disturbance abbr=on 45 998 None None None
05/13S Bingiza February 9 – February 20 4 Intense Tropical Cyclone abbr=on 165 953 Réunion
Réunion
Réunion is a French island with a population of about 800,000 located in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar, about south west of Mauritius, the nearest island.Administratively, Réunion is one of the overseas departments of France...

, Madagascar
Madagascar
The Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa...

 
Unknown 5
06 N/A February 15 – February 20 0 Tropical Disturbance abbr=on 45 1003 None None None
07/18S Cherono March 14 – March 23 0 Moderate Tropical Storm abbr=on 75 992 Rodrigues Island None None
08 N/A March 29 – April 1 0 Tropical Disturbance abbr=on 45 1005 None None
09 N/A April 13 – April 16 1 Subtropical Depression abbr=on 95 987 None None None
9 Systems October 25 – April 16 953 None 5

See also

  • List of Southern Hemisphere cyclone seasons
  • Atlantic hurricane seasons: 2010
    2010 Atlantic hurricane season
    The 2010 Atlantic hurricane season was the third most active Atlantic hurricane season on record, tying with the 1887 Atlantic hurricane season, 1995 Atlantic hurricane season and the 2011 Atlantic hurricane season. It had the most number of named storms since the 2005 season and also ties with the...

    , 2011
    2011 Atlantic hurricane season
    The 2011 Atlantic hurricane season is tied for the third most active season on record with 1887, 1995 and 2010. It began on June 1, 2011, and ended on November 30, 2011, however these dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones develop in the Atlantic basin...

  • Pacific hurricane seasons: 2010
    2010 Pacific hurricane season
    The 2010 Pacific hurricane season was the least active Pacific hurricane season, in terms of the number of named storms and hurricanes, on record, due to a moderate La Niña, unlike the 2010 Atlantic hurricane season, which was one of the most active on record...

    , 2011
    2011 Pacific hurricane season
    The 2011 Pacific hurricane season is an ongoing, annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. The season officially started on May 15, 2011, for the eastern Pacific, and started on June 1, 2011, for the central Pacific, both of which ended on November 30, 2011. These dates conventionally...

  • Pacific typhoon seasons: 2010
    2010 Pacific typhoon season
    The 2010 Pacific typhoon season was the least active Pacific typhoon season, in terms of the number of named storms and typhoons, on record, due to a moderate La Niña event...

    , 2011
    2011 Pacific typhoon season
    The 2011 Pacific typhoon season was the time of the year in which tropical cyclones form in the Western Pacific Ocean. The season ran throughout 2011 with most tropical cyclones forming between May and November. The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean to the north of the equator...

  • North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: 2010
    2010 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
    The 2010 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was a very active event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation with some 8 depressions and 6 named storms, nearly above the average of 4-6 storms in the region due to a moderate La Niña...

    , 2011
    2011 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
    The 2011 North Indian Ocean cyclone season is an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with peaks in May and November...



External links

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