2011 Bulgaria foot-and-mouth disease outbreak
Encyclopedia
2011 Bulgaria foot-and-mouth disease outbreak is an outbreak
of foot-and-mouth disease
occurring in Southeastern Bulgaria
in 2011.
The outbreak was recognised when a wild boar was shot. This animal is believed to have crossed the Bulgaria
n-Turkish
border near the village of Kosti, Burgas Province
in the Strandzha Mountains. An autopsy revealed foot-and mouth disease. Following this, 37 infected animals were discovered in the village of Kosti, and all susceptible livestock there were culled
. Burgas Province
and seven other neighbouring provinces declared a quarantine
.
On 14 January a new outbreak was suspected in the neighbouring village of Rezovo
. It is believed to have been carried by a Turkish cattle
herd. On 17 January the presence of the disease was confirmed. The Bulgarian authorities ordered culling of all susceptible livestock in Rezovo. The losses in the two villages are promised to be compensated.
The mayor of Tsarevo Municipality Petko Arnaudov proposed construction of a wire fence along the Turkish border to prevent further movement of diseased animals into Bulgaria. The proposal was accepted by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
. The authorities ordered disinfection of all vehicles crossing from Turkey, where a major outbreak is occurring.
On 31 January in the village of Gramatikovo
, Malko Tarnovo Municipality, which is located in the 10 km prevention zone around the first two outbreaks, a new otbreak was discovered. The blood test
s found 13 animals infected with the disease. The authorities ordered culling of all susceptible livestock in the village, which consists of 149 animals - 1 cow, 38 sheep and 110 goat
s. The losses are promised to be compensated.
On 25 March two new outbreaks were discovered in the villages of Granichar
and Kirovo. The authorities ordered culling of 173 infected animals.
Outbreak
Outbreak is a term used in epidemiology to describe an occurrence of disease greater than would otherwise be expected at a particular time and place. It may affect a small and localized group or impact upon thousands of people across an entire continent. Two linked cases of a rare infectious...
of foot-and-mouth disease
Foot-and-mouth disease
Foot-and-mouth disease or hoof-and-mouth disease is an infectious and sometimes fatal viral disease that affects cloven-hoofed animals, including domestic and wild bovids...
occurring in Southeastern Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Bulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...
in 2011.
The outbreak was recognised when a wild boar was shot. This animal is believed to have crossed the Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Bulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...
n-Turkish
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
border near the village of Kosti, Burgas Province
Burgas Province
-Municipalities:The Burgas province contains 13 municipalities . The following table shows the names of each municipality in English and Cyrillic, the main town or village , and the population of each as of 2009.-Demography:The Burgas province had a population of 423,608 -Municipalities:The Burgas...
in the Strandzha Mountains. An autopsy revealed foot-and mouth disease. Following this, 37 infected animals were discovered in the village of Kosti, and all susceptible livestock there were culled
Culling
Culling is the process of removing animals from a group based on specific criteria. This is done either to reinforce certain desirable characteristics or to remove certain undesirable characteristics from the group...
. Burgas Province
Burgas Province
-Municipalities:The Burgas province contains 13 municipalities . The following table shows the names of each municipality in English and Cyrillic, the main town or village , and the population of each as of 2009.-Demography:The Burgas province had a population of 423,608 -Municipalities:The Burgas...
and seven other neighbouring provinces declared a quarantine
Quarantine
Quarantine is compulsory isolation, typically to contain the spread of something considered dangerous, often but not always disease. The word comes from the Italian quarantena, meaning forty-day period....
.
On 14 January a new outbreak was suspected in the neighbouring village of Rezovo
Rezovo
Rezovo is a village and seaside resort in southeastern Bulgaria, part of Tsarevo municipality, Burgas Province, in the coastal Strandzha geographical region. Lying at the mouth of the Rezovo River in the Black Sea, Rezovo is the southernmost point of the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast and the...
. It is believed to have been carried by a Turkish cattle
Cattle
Cattle are the most common type of large domesticated ungulates. They are a prominent modern member of the subfamily Bovinae, are the most widespread species of the genus Bos, and are most commonly classified collectively as Bos primigenius...
herd. On 17 January the presence of the disease was confirmed. The Bulgarian authorities ordered culling of all susceptible livestock in Rezovo. The losses in the two villages are promised to be compensated.
The mayor of Tsarevo Municipality Petko Arnaudov proposed construction of a wire fence along the Turkish border to prevent further movement of diseased animals into Bulgaria. The proposal was accepted by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (Bulgaria)
The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Bulgaria is the ministry charged with regulating agriculture and forestry in the country. It was founded as the Ministry of Agriculture and State Property on 24 July 1911, when it was separated from the Ministry of Commerce and Agriculture.The Minister...
. The authorities ordered disinfection of all vehicles crossing from Turkey, where a major outbreak is occurring.
On 31 January in the village of Gramatikovo
Gramatikovo
Gramatikovo is a village in the municipality of Malko Tarnovo, in Burgas Province, in southeastern Bulgaria.On 31 January a foot-and-mouth disease outbreak was discovered in the village of Gramatikovo.-References:...
, Malko Tarnovo Municipality, which is located in the 10 km prevention zone around the first two outbreaks, a new otbreak was discovered. The blood test
Blood test
A blood test is a laboratory analysis performed on a blood sample that is usually extracted from a vein in the arm using a needle, or via fingerprick....
s found 13 animals infected with the disease. The authorities ordered culling of all susceptible livestock in the village, which consists of 149 animals - 1 cow, 38 sheep and 110 goat
Goat
The domestic goat is a subspecies of goat domesticated from the wild goat of southwest Asia and Eastern Europe. The goat is a member of the Bovidae family and is closely related to the sheep as both are in the goat-antelope subfamily Caprinae. There are over three hundred distinct breeds of...
s. The losses are promised to be compensated.
On 25 March two new outbreaks were discovered in the villages of Granichar
Granichar, Burgas Province
Granichar, Burgas Province is a village in the municipality of Sredets, in Burgas Province, in southeastern Bulgaria....
and Kirovo. The authorities ordered culling of 173 infected animals.