25I-NBOMe
Encyclopedia
25I-NBOMe is a derivative of the phenethylamine
hallucinogen
2C-I
, discovered in 2003 by Ralf Heim at the Free University of Berlin
, and subsequently investigated in more detail by a team at Purdue University
led by David Nichols.
25I-NBOMe acts as a highly potent
agonist
for the human
5-HT2A
receptor
, with a Ki
of 0.044 nM, making it some sixteen times the potency of 2C-I itself, and a radiolabelled form of 25I-NBOMe can be used for mapping the distribution of 5-HT2A receptors in the brain. In vitro
tests showed this compound acted as an agonist but animal studies have not been reported. While the N-benzyl derivatives of 2C-I were significantly increased in potency compared to 2C-I, the N-benzyl derivatives of DOI
were inactive.
Anecdotal reports from human users suggest 25I-NBOMe to be an active hallucinogen at a dose of as little as 500 mcg
, making it a similar potency to other phenethylamine derived hallucinogens such as bromo-dragonfly
.
Phenethylamine
Phenylethylamine or phenethylamine is a natural monoamine alkaloid, trace amine, and also the name of a class of chemicals with many members well known for psychoactive drug and stimulant effects. Studies suggest that phenylethylamine functions as a neuromodulator or neurotransmitter in the...
hallucinogen
Psychedelic
The term psychedelic is derived from the Greek words ψυχή and δηλοῦν , translating to "soul-manifesting". A psychedelic experience is characterized by the striking perception of aspects of one's mind previously unknown, or by the creative exuberance of the mind liberated from its ostensibly...
2C-I
2C-I
2C-I or 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenethylamine is a psychedelic phenethylamine of the 2C family. It was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin. It was described in Shulgin’s book PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story. The drug is used recreationally for its psychedelic and entactogenic effects...
, discovered in 2003 by Ralf Heim at the Free University of Berlin
Free University of Berlin
Freie Universität Berlin is one of the leading and most prestigious research universities in Germany and continental Europe. It distinguishes itself through its modern and international character. It is the largest of the four universities in Berlin. Research at the university is focused on the...
, and subsequently investigated in more detail by a team at Purdue University
Purdue University
Purdue University, located in West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S., is the flagship university of the six-campus Purdue University system. Purdue was founded on May 6, 1869, as a land-grant university when the Indiana General Assembly, taking advantage of the Morrill Act, accepted a donation of land and...
led by David Nichols.
25I-NBOMe acts as a highly potent
Potency (pharmacology)
In the field of pharmacology, potency is a measure of drug activity expressed in terms of the amount required to produce an effect of given intensity. A highly potent drug evokes a larger response at low concentrations, while a drug of lower potency evokes a small response at low concentrations...
agonist
Agonist
An agonist is a chemical that binds to a receptor of a cell and triggers a response by that cell. Agonists often mimic the action of a naturally occurring substance...
for the human
Human
Humans are the only living species in the Homo genus...
5-HT2A
5-HT2A receptor
The mammalian 5-HT2A receptor is a subtype of the 5-HT2 receptor that belongs to the serotonin receptor family and is a G protein-coupled receptor . This is the main excitatory receptor subtype among the GPCRs for serotonin , although 5-HT2A may also have an inhibitory effect on certain areas such...
receptor
Receptor (biochemistry)
In biochemistry, a receptor is a molecule found on the surface of a cell, which receives specific chemical signals from neighbouring cells or the wider environment within an organism...
, with a Ki
Dissociation constant
In chemistry, biochemistry, and pharmacology, a dissociation constant is a specific type of equilibrium constant that measures the propensity of a larger object to separate reversibly into smaller components, as when a complex falls apart into its component molecules, or when a salt splits up into...
of 0.044 nM, making it some sixteen times the potency of 2C-I itself, and a radiolabelled form of 25I-NBOMe can be used for mapping the distribution of 5-HT2A receptors in the brain. In vitro
In vitro
In vitro refers to studies in experimental biology that are conducted using components of an organism that have been isolated from their usual biological context in order to permit a more detailed or more convenient analysis than can be done with whole organisms. Colloquially, these experiments...
tests showed this compound acted as an agonist but animal studies have not been reported. While the N-benzyl derivatives of 2C-I were significantly increased in potency compared to 2C-I, the N-benzyl derivatives of DOI
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine
2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine is a psychedelic drug and a substituted amphetamine of the phenethylamine family. It is also a powerful anti-inflammatory that is effective at doses on the order of 100 micrograms in humans, far below its effective dose as a psychedelic. Despite being a substituted...
were inactive.
Anecdotal reports from human users suggest 25I-NBOMe to be an active hallucinogen at a dose of as little as 500 mcg
Microgram
In the metric system, a microgram is a unit of mass equal to one millionth of a gram , or 1/1000 of a milligram. It is one of the smallest units of mass commonly used...
, making it a similar potency to other phenethylamine derived hallucinogens such as bromo-dragonfly
Bromo-DragonFLY
Bromo-DragonFLY is a psychedelic hallucinogenic drug related to the phenethylamine family. Bromo-DragonFLY is considered an extremely potent hallucinogen, only slightly less potent than LSD with a normal dose in the region of 200 μg to 800 μg, and it has an extremely long duration of action up to...
.
See also
- 2CBCB-NBOMe2CBCB-NBOMe2CBCB-NBOMe is a compound indirectly derived from the phenethylamine series of hallucinogens, which was discovered in 2007 at Purdue University as part of the ongoing research program of the team led by David Nichols focusing on the mapping of the specific amino acid residues responsible for...
(NBOMe-TCB-2) - 2CBFly-NBOMe2CBFly-NBOMe2CBFly-NBOMe is a compound indirectly derived from the phenethylamine hallucinogen 2C-B, and related to benzodifurans like 2C-B-FLY and N-benzylphenethylamines like NBOMe-2C-I...
(NBOMe-2CB-Fly) - 25C-NBOMe (NBOMe-2CC)
- 25B-NBOMe25B-NBOMe25B-NBOMe is a derivative of the phenethylamine hallucinogen 2C-B, discovered in 2004 by Ralf Heim at the Free University of Berlin. It acts as a potent partial agonist for the 5HT2A receptor...
(NBOMe-2CB) - 25I-NBMD25I-NBMD25I-NBMD is a derivative of the phenethylamine hallucinogen 2C-I, discovered in 2006 by a team at Purdue University led by David Nichols. It acts as a potent partial agonist for the 5HT2A receptor with a Ki of 0.049nM at the human 5HT2A receptor...
(NBMD-2CI) - 25I-NBOH25I-NBOH25I-NBOH is a derivative of the phenethylamine derived hallucinogen 2C-I, discovered in 2006 by a team at Purdue University. It acts as a potent agonist for the 5HT2A receptor, with a Ki of 0.12nM at the human 5HT2A receptor, making it some 5x the potency of 2C-I itself...
(NBOH-2CI) - 25I-NBF25I-NBF25I-NBF is a derivative of the phenethylamine hallucinogen 2C-I, which acts as a highly potent partial agonist for the human 5-HT2A receptor...
(NBF-2CI)