3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase
Encyclopedia
In enzymology, a 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase is an enzyme
that catalyzes
the chemical reaction
The 3 substrates
of this enzyme are 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate, dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase
, and lipoyllysine, whereas its 3 products
are dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase
, S-(2-methylpropanoyl)dihydrolipoyllysine, and CO2
.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase
s, specifically those acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donor with a disulfide as acceptor.
This enzyme participates in valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation. It employs one cofactor
, thiamin diphosphate.
have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB
accession codes , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and .
Enzyme
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions. In enzymatic reactions, the molecules at the beginning of the process, called substrates, are converted into different molecules, called products. Almost all chemical reactions in a biological cell need enzymes in order to occur at rates...
that catalyzes
Catalysis
Catalysis is the change in rate of a chemical reaction due to the participation of a substance called a catalyst. Unlike other reagents that participate in the chemical reaction, a catalyst is not consumed by the reaction itself. A catalyst may participate in multiple chemical transformations....
the chemical reaction
Chemical reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Chemical reactions can be either spontaneous, requiring no input of energy, or non-spontaneous, typically following the input of some type of energy, such as heat, light or electricity...
- 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase] lipoyllysine
[dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase] S-(2-methylpropanoyl)dihydrolipoyllysine + CO2
The 3 substrates
Substrate (biochemistry)
In biochemistry, a substrate is a molecule upon which an enzyme acts. Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions involving the substrate. In the case of a single substrate, the substrate binds with the enzyme active site, and an enzyme-substrate complex is formed. The substrate is transformed into one or...
of this enzyme are 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate, dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase
Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase
In enzymology, a dihydrolipoyllysine-residue transferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 2-methylpropanoyl-CoA and enzyme N6-lysine, whereas its two products are CoA and enzyme N6-lysine.This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases,...
, and lipoyllysine, whereas its 3 products
Product (chemistry)
Product are formed during chemical reactions as reagents are consumed. Products have lower energy than the reagents and are produced during the reaction according to the second law of thermodynamics. The released energy comes from changes in chemical bonds between atoms in reagent molecules and...
are dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase
Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase
In enzymology, a dihydrolipoyllysine-residue transferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 2-methylpropanoyl-CoA and enzyme N6-lysine, whereas its two products are CoA and enzyme N6-lysine.This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases,...
, S-(2-methylpropanoyl)dihydrolipoyllysine, and CO2
Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide is a naturally occurring chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom...
.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase
Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule to another...
s, specifically those acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donor with a disulfide as acceptor.
This enzyme participates in valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation. It employs one cofactor
Cofactor (biochemistry)
A cofactor is a non-protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and is required for the protein's biological activity. These proteins are commonly enzymes, and cofactors can be considered "helper molecules" that assist in biochemical transformations....
, thiamin diphosphate.
Structural studies
As of late 2007, 29 structuresTertiary structure
In biochemistry and molecular biology, the tertiary structure of a protein or any other macromolecule is its three-dimensional structure, as defined by the atomic coordinates.-Relationship to primary structure:...
have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB
Protein Data Bank
The Protein Data Bank is a repository for the 3-D structural data of large biological molecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids....
accession codes , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and .