5T (gang)
Encyclopedia
The 5T was a Vietnamese
crime gang active in the Cabramatta
and Bankstown
area of Sydney
, Australia
, in the final two decades of the 20th century.
youths who came to Australia with their parents after the fall of the Republic of Vietnam. The 5T gang started forming in the mid-1980s. It stands for five Vietnamese words starting with T; 'Tình', 'Tiền', 'Tù', 'Tội' and 'Tự, which mean Love, Money, Prison, Punishment, Revenge in English. Gang members apparently were tattooed with the emblem consisting of a straight horizontal line and 5 joined vertical lines.
Tri Minh Tran rose to leadership of the 5T gang by the age of 14 in 1989. He was born in Vietnam in 1975 and arrived in Australia at the age of 7 as a refugee. By the age of 11, he was arrested for carrying a sawn-off shotgun and in the next couple of years was suspected of the murder of two rival gang members.
The 5T gang became the dominant players in the Cabramatta heroin trade especially at street level. In January 1988, the Sydney Morning Herald warned: "Criminal gangs in the Vietnamese community are increasingly heavily armed, are moving into drugs and gambling, establishing links with Australian crime figures, and becoming involved in standover rackets in their own community".
John Newman
first warned of the Vietnamese gangs including the 5T in 1989 in NSW State Parliament saying: "The Asian gangs involved don't fear our laws. But there's one thing they do fear and that's possible deportation back to the jungles of Vietnam, because that's where, frankly, they belong." Newman campaigned strongly against the crime gangs in Vietnam and would receive regular death threats before his murder.
, a local nightclub owner was eventually convicted of Newman's murder in 2001.
The successors of the 5T include the Four Aces and Madonna's Mob (Madonna) [Ro Van Le] the leader & namesake of the gang was subsequently murdered outside a western sydney pub in 1999 shortly after being released from jail.
As well as N.I.P. (Melbourne) and Black and Red Dragon gangs continue to remain active in the drug trade and other rackets. Both N.I.P. and the Red and Black Dragons have tried to recruit members from local high schools and are suspected of being an offshoot of the Big Circle Gang. The NSW Police Force had established a task force in 2002 under Dave Madden to address the new triads.
Victoria Police Asian Division, have found affiliated and ex members still remain quietly active in Melbourne, particularly in suburbs such as Richmond, Springvale, Dandenong and Footscray. The Victoria Police operation Embona Taskforce as well as others have proved successful in countering Asian gang-related crime.
Vietnamese people
The Vietnamese people are an ethnic group originating from present-day northern Vietnam and southern China. They are the majority ethnic group of Vietnam, comprising 86% of the population as of the 1999 census, and are officially known as Kinh to distinguish them from other ethnic groups in Vietnam...
crime gang active in the Cabramatta
Cabramatta, New South Wales
Cabramatta is a suburb in south-western Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Cabramatta is located 30 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Fairfield...
and Bankstown
Bankstown, New South Wales
Bankstown is a suburb of south-western Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Bankstown is located 20 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district and is the administrative centre of the local government area of the City of Bankstown.-History:Prior to European...
area of Sydney
Sydney
Sydney is the most populous city in Australia and the state capital of New South Wales. Sydney is located on Australia's south-east coast of the Tasman Sea. As of June 2010, the greater metropolitan area had an approximate population of 4.6 million people...
, Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
, in the final two decades of the 20th century.
The Rise of the 5T
The 5T rose from Cabramatta, New South WalesCabramatta, New South Wales
Cabramatta is a suburb in south-western Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Cabramatta is located 30 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Fairfield...
youths who came to Australia with their parents after the fall of the Republic of Vietnam. The 5T gang started forming in the mid-1980s. It stands for five Vietnamese words starting with T; 'Tình', 'Tiền', 'Tù', 'Tội' and 'Tự, which mean Love, Money, Prison, Punishment, Revenge in English. Gang members apparently were tattooed with the emblem consisting of a straight horizontal line and 5 joined vertical lines.
Tri Minh Tran rose to leadership of the 5T gang by the age of 14 in 1989. He was born in Vietnam in 1975 and arrived in Australia at the age of 7 as a refugee. By the age of 11, he was arrested for carrying a sawn-off shotgun and in the next couple of years was suspected of the murder of two rival gang members.
The 5T gang became the dominant players in the Cabramatta heroin trade especially at street level. In January 1988, the Sydney Morning Herald warned: "Criminal gangs in the Vietnamese community are increasingly heavily armed, are moving into drugs and gambling, establishing links with Australian crime figures, and becoming involved in standover rackets in their own community".
John Newman
John Newman (Australian politician)
John Paul Newman was a member of the New South Wales state parliament and Member for the seat of Cabramatta. He was the first elected politician to be assassinated in Australia.-Early life:...
first warned of the Vietnamese gangs including the 5T in 1989 in NSW State Parliament saying: "The Asian gangs involved don't fear our laws. But there's one thing they do fear and that's possible deportation back to the jungles of Vietnam, because that's where, frankly, they belong." Newman campaigned strongly against the crime gangs in Vietnam and would receive regular death threats before his murder.
Heyday
In the two years between July 1992 and 1994, there were 1,360 people charged with heroin-related offences including 50,000 for supply of heroin and 6969 juveniles. Public attention was focused on the 5T gangs after the murder of John Newman in September 1993 and Tran was widely suspected after Newman's deaths given the number of death threats the politician had received. Phuong NgoPhuong Ngo
Phuong Canh Ngo was convicted of ordering the killing of Australian MP John Newman on 5 September 1994, a crime which has been described as Australia's first political assassination....
, a local nightclub owner was eventually convicted of Newman's murder in 2001.
Breakup
Tran was murdered in 1995, this sparked a power struggle within the organization with another leader being assassinated. There was an escalation of violence in 1999 as rival mobs the Four Aces and Madonna's Mob (breakaway groups of the 5T) challenged the 5T leading to an increase in the murder rate in Cabramatta. This gang warfare eventually led to the NSW Parliament establishing a Parliamentary Inquiry. During this inquiry in 2001, Tim Priest, a police officer based at Cabramatta warned of a upsurge of gang violence in Southwestern Sydney including Vietnamese, Chinese and Middle Eastern gangs. He was criticised for his comments by then NSW Education Minister John Aquilina and Reba Meagher, Newman's successor as Member for Cabramatta, who labelled him a "disgruntled detective" before being forced to apologise.The successors of the 5T include the Four Aces and Madonna's Mob (Madonna) [Ro Van Le] the leader & namesake of the gang was subsequently murdered outside a western sydney pub in 1999 shortly after being released from jail.
As well as N.I.P. (Melbourne) and Black and Red Dragon gangs continue to remain active in the drug trade and other rackets. Both N.I.P. and the Red and Black Dragons have tried to recruit members from local high schools and are suspected of being an offshoot of the Big Circle Gang. The NSW Police Force had established a task force in 2002 under Dave Madden to address the new triads.
Victoria Police Asian Division, have found affiliated and ex members still remain quietly active in Melbourne, particularly in suburbs such as Richmond, Springvale, Dandenong and Footscray. The Victoria Police operation Embona Taskforce as well as others have proved successful in countering Asian gang-related crime.
Footnotes
- 1997 Four Corners Op. Cit.
- Sydney Morning Herald "Police warn on Viet gangs" 2 January 1988 cited in Parliamentary Joint Committee Report.Parliament reported on Four Corners Op Cit.
- Australian Bureau of Criminal Intelligence Australian Drug Intelligence Assessment 1993 page 40 cited in Parliamentary Committee Report Op Cit
- NSW Crime Statistics cited in Joint Parliamentary Committee Report Op. Cit.
- Sun Herald Op. Cit.