8th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
Encyclopedia
The 8th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was in session from 1956 to 1969. It held 12 plenary sessions in this period.
It elected the 8th Politburo of the Communist Party of China
in 1956.
It elected the 8th Politburo of the Communist Party of China
8th Politburo of the Communist Party of China
The 8th Politburo of the Communist Party of China was elected by the 8th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on September 28, 1956.-Standing Committee Members:#Mao Zedong#Liu Shaoqi#Zhou Enlai#Zhu De#Chen Yun#Deng Xiaoping...
in 1956.
Chronology
- 1st Plenary Session
- Date: September 28, 1956
- Location: BeijingBeijingBeijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...
- Significance: Mao ZedongMao ZedongMao Zedong, also transliterated as Mao Tse-tung , and commonly referred to as Chairman Mao , was a Chinese Communist revolutionary, guerrilla warfare strategist, Marxist political philosopher, and leader of the Chinese Revolution...
was appointed Chairman of the CPC Central Committee, with Liu ShaoqiLiu ShaoqiLiu Shaoqi was a Chinese revolutionary, statesman, and theorist. He was Chairman of the People's Republic of China, China's head of state, from 27 April 1959 to 31 October 1968, during which he implemented policies of economic reconstruction in China...
, Zhou EnlaiZhou EnlaiZhou Enlai was the first Premier of the People's Republic of China, serving from October 1949 until his death in January 1976...
, Zhu DeZhu DeZhu De was a Chinese militarist, politician, revolutionary, and one of the pioneers of the Chinese Communist Party. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, in 1955 Zhu became one of the Ten Marshals of the People's Liberation Army, of which he is regarded as the founder.-Early...
and Chen YunChen YunChen Yun was one of the most influential leaders of the People's Republic of China during the 1980s and 90s, and one of the top leaders of the Communist Party of China for almost its entire history. He was also known as Liao Chengyun ; it's unclear whether this was his original name or a pseudonym...
as vice-chairmen and Deng XiaopingDeng XiaopingDeng Xiaoping was a Chinese politician, statesman, and diplomat. As leader of the Communist Party of China, Deng was a reformer who led China towards a market economy...
as general secretary. A 23-members Politburo, the 6-members Politburo Standing CommitteePolitburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of ChinaThe Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China is a committee consisting of the top leadership of the Communist Party of China, whose membership varies between 5 and 9 people. The inner workings of the PSC are not well known, although it is believed that decisions of the PSC are...
and other central organs were elected.
- 2nd Plenary Session
- Date: November 10–15, 1956
- Location: Beijing
- Significance: Liu Shaoqi made a report on the Suez CrisisSuez CrisisThe Suez Crisis, also referred to as the Tripartite Aggression, Suez War was an offensive war fought by France, the United Kingdom, and Israel against Egypt beginning on 29 October 1956. Less than a day after Israel invaded Egypt, Britain and France issued a joint ultimatum to Egypt and Israel,...
and the anti-communist revolts in HungaryHungaryHungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
and PolandPolandPoland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
; Zhou Enlai made a report on the 1957 economic plan; Chen Yun made a report on food issues. Mao Zedong delivered a closing speech focusing on the relations with the Soviet UnionSoviet UnionThe Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
and upholding Stalin's legacy.
- 3rd Plenary Session
- Date: September 20–October 9, 1957
- Location: Beijing
- Significance: Deng Xiaoping made a report on the Anti-Rightist Campaign; Chen Yun made a report on State governance and development of agriculture; Zhou Enlai made a report on labor insurances. The Great Leap ForwardGreat Leap ForwardThe Great Leap Forward of the People's Republic of China was an economic and social campaign of the Communist Party of China , reflected in planning decisions from 1958 to 1961, which aimed to use China's vast population to rapidly transform the country from an agrarian economy into a modern...
was first outlined.
- 4th Plenary Session
- Date: May 3, 1958
- Location: Beijing
- Significance: The meeting approved the report which was to be delivered to the 2nd Session of the Party's 8th National Congress as well as a resolution on the meeting of communist and workers' parties held in MoscowMoscowMoscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
in 1957.
- 5th Plenary Session
- Date: May 25, 1958
- Location: Beijing
- Significance: The meeting focused on organizational issues, particularly appointing Lin BiaoLin BiaoLin Biao was a major Chinese Communist military leader who was pivotal in the communist victory in the Chinese Civil War, especially in Northeastern China...
an additional Vice-Chairman of the CPC Central Committee, and starting the publication of HongqiHongqiHongqi may refer to:*Hongqi , a magazine published by the Chinese Communist Party until 1988*Hongqi , luxury car series of First Automobile Works in Changchun- Places in the PR of China:*Hongqi District, Xinxiang, Henan...
with Chen BodaChen BodaChen Boda was born in 1904 in Hui'an and died on 20 September 1989 in Beijing.He was a member of the Chinese Communist Party, a secretary to Mao Zedong and a prominent member of the leadership during the Cultural Revolution, chairing the Cultural Revolution Group.-Early life:Chen Boda was born...
as editor-in-chief.
- 6th Plenary Session
- Date: November 28–December 10, 1958
- Location: Beijing
- Significance: The people's communePeople's communeThe people's commune was the highest of three administrative levels in rural areas of the People's Republic of China during the period of 1958 to 1982-85 until they were replaced by townships. Communes, the largest collective units, were divided in turn into production brigades and production teams...
were proclaimed. Mao Zedong decided not propose himself as President of the People's Republic of ChinaPresident of the People's Republic of ChinaThe President of the People's Republic of China is a ceremonial office and a part of State organs under the National People's Congress and it is the head of state of the People's Republic of China . The office was created by the 1982 Constitution...
to the 2nd National People's Congress2nd National People's CongressThe 2nd National People's Congress was in session from 1959 to 1964. It held four plenary sessions in this period.The first plenary session was held in April 1959...
, paving the way for Liu Shaoqi.
- 7th Plenary Session
- Date: 2–5 April, 1959
- Location: ShanghaiShanghaiShanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010...
- Significance: Meeting focused on economic and financial work. Reports were submitted by Bo YiboBo YiboBo Yibo was a Chinese politician and one of the Eight Immortals of the Communist Party of China....
, Li XiannianLi XianniànLi Xiannian was President of the People's Republic of China between 1983 and 1988 and then chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference until his death. He was an influential political figure throughout the PRC, having been a member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of...
, Deng Xiaoping and Li FuchunLi FuchunLi Fuchun was a politician of the Communist Party of China and the People's Republic of China.-Biography:Li Fuchun was born in Changsha, Hunan Province. After completing middle school in his home province, in 1919 he traveled to France to attend a work-study program and here he started his...
.
- 8th Plenary SessionLushan ConferenceThe Lushan Conference , officially the 8th Plenum of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, began on July 2, 1959 and was an informal discussion about the Great Leap Forward...
- Date: July 2–August 16, 1959
- Location: LushanLushanLushan District, also anglicised as Kuling, is the name of a district in Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China. With a history dating back thousand of years it is a popular domestic and foreign tourist attraction as well as home to the mountain resort town of Lushan and the high...
- Significance: Also known as "Lushan Conference", a debate on the Great Leap Forward occurred. In the end, Peng DehuaiPeng DehuaiPeng Dehuai was a prominent military leader of the Communist Party of China, and China's Defence Minister from 1954 to 1959. Peng was an important commander during the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Chinese civil war and was also the commander-in-chief of People's Volunteer Army in the Korean War...
(who criticized the Leap and the people's commune) was accused of being a counter-revolutionary and removed along with other Party leaders like PLAPeople's Liberation ArmyThe People's Liberation Army is the unified military organization of all land, sea, strategic missile and air forces of the People's Republic of China. The PLA was established on August 1, 1927 — celebrated annually as "PLA Day" — as the military arm of the Communist Party of China...
Chief-of-Staff Huang KechengHuang KechengHuang Kecheng was one of ten senior generals of People's Liberation Army.-Biography:General Huang Kecheng was born in Yongxing, Hunan, China, and he was the third of four children...
and former General Secretary Zhang WentianZhang WentianZhang Wentian . He is also known as Luo Fu . His names in Wade-Giles are Chang Wen-t'ien and Lo Fu.Born in Jiangsu, he attended engineering school in Nanjing and also spent a year at the University of California. He later joined the Communist Party and was sent to study at Sun Yat-sen University...
.
- 9th Plenary Session
- Date: January 14–18, 1961
- Location: Beijing
- Significance: Chen Yun made a report on the 1961 economic plan; Deng Xiaoping made a report on the 1960 Moscow meeting of communist parties. Regional bureaux of the CPC Central Committee were established at this session.
- 10th Plenary Session
- Date: September 24–27, 1962
- Location: Beijing
- Significance: The meeting repeated Mao Zedong's assessment that Chinese economy was to take agriculture as basis to develop industry. The session's official communique also started to outline Mao Zedong's "theory of continued revolution under proletarian dictatorship" which led to the Cultural RevolutionCultural RevolutionThe Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, commonly known as the Cultural Revolution , was a socio-political movement that took place in the People's Republic of China from 1966 through 1976...
.
- 11th Plenary Session
- Date: August 1–12, 1966
- Location: Beijing
- Significance: First plenary meeting after 4 years. It approved the Decision of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party Concerning the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, setting the course for the Cultural Revolution, which had started in May. The Politburo Standing Committee was expanded from 7 to 11 members, with Lin Biao as the single Vice-Chairman and Liu Shaoqi severely demoted.
- 12th Plenary Session
- Date: October 13–31, 1968
- Location: Beijing
- Significance: Liu Shaoqi—the main target of the Cultural Revolution—was condemned as "renegade, traitor and scab" and expelled from the Party. A decision to convene the Party's 9th National Congress (after 12 years since the 8th Congress) was adopted.