ABCB5
Encyclopedia
ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 5 also known as P-glycoprotein ABCB5 is a plasma membrane-spanning protein
that in humans is encoded by the ABCB5 gene
. ABCB5 is an ABC transporter and P-glycoprotein
family member principally expressed in physiological skin and human malignant melanoma
.
ABCB5 regulates skin progenitor cell fusion and mediates chemotherapeutic drug resistance in stem-like tumor cell subpopulations in human malignant melanoma, and is over-expressed on circulating melanoma tumor cells, suggestive of a metastatic role. Furthermore, the ABCB5+ melanoma- initiating cells were demonstrated to express FLT1 (VEGFR1) receptor tyrosine kinase which was functionally required for efficient xenograft tumor formation, as demonstrated by shRNA knockdown experiments.
More recently, the ABCB5 molecule has been shown to be functionally relevant to carcinogenesis, demonstrated in colorectal cancer where it was shown to act as a mediator of 5-FU patient chemoresistance, and had a further direct role in tumorigenesis shown by shRNA-mediated colorectal cancer cell-line ABCB5 knockdowns that impeded tumorigenesis in human-to-mouse xenografts. These data revealed multiple roles for ABCB5 in cancer progression and chemoresistance, making it an attractive target for combined therapy.
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
that in humans is encoded by the ABCB5 gene
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...
. ABCB5 is an ABC transporter and P-glycoprotein
P-glycoprotein
P-glycoprotein 1 also known as multidrug resistance protein 1 or ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 1 or cluster of differentiation 243 is a glycoprotein that in humans is encoded by the ABCB1 gene...
family member principally expressed in physiological skin and human malignant melanoma
Melanoma
Melanoma is a malignant tumor of melanocytes. Melanocytes are cells that produce the dark pigment, melanin, which is responsible for the color of skin. They predominantly occur in skin, but are also found in other parts of the body, including the bowel and the eye...
.
ABCB5 regulates skin progenitor cell fusion and mediates chemotherapeutic drug resistance in stem-like tumor cell subpopulations in human malignant melanoma, and is over-expressed on circulating melanoma tumor cells, suggestive of a metastatic role. Furthermore, the ABCB5+ melanoma- initiating cells were demonstrated to express FLT1 (VEGFR1) receptor tyrosine kinase which was functionally required for efficient xenograft tumor formation, as demonstrated by shRNA knockdown experiments.
More recently, the ABCB5 molecule has been shown to be functionally relevant to carcinogenesis, demonstrated in colorectal cancer where it was shown to act as a mediator of 5-FU patient chemoresistance, and had a further direct role in tumorigenesis shown by shRNA-mediated colorectal cancer cell-line ABCB5 knockdowns that impeded tumorigenesis in human-to-mouse xenografts. These data revealed multiple roles for ABCB5 in cancer progression and chemoresistance, making it an attractive target for combined therapy.