AI@50
Encyclopedia
AI@50, formally known as the "Dartmouth Artificial Intelligence Conference: The Next Fifty Years" (July 13–15, 2006), was a conference commemorating the 50th anniversary of the Dartmouth Conferences which effectively inaugurated the history of artificial intelligence
. Five of the original ten attendees were present: Marvin Minsky
, Ray Solomonoff
, Oliver Selfridge
, Trenchard More
, and John McCarthy
.
While sponsored by Dartmouth College
, General Electric
, and the Frederick Whittemore Foundation, a $200,000 grant from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) called for a report of the proceedings that would:
A summary report by the conference director, James Moor, was published in AI Magazine.
History of artificial intelligence
The history of artificial intelligence began in antiquity, with myths, stories and rumors of artificial beings endowed with intelligence or consciousness by master craftsmen; as Pamela McCorduck writes, AI began with "an ancient wish to forge the gods."...
. Five of the original ten attendees were present: Marvin Minsky
Marvin Minsky
Marvin Lee Minsky is an American cognitive scientist in the field of artificial intelligence , co-founder of Massachusetts Institute of Technology's AI laboratory, and author of several texts on AI and philosophy.-Biography:...
, Ray Solomonoff
Ray Solomonoff
Ray Solomonoff was the inventor of algorithmic probability, and founder of algorithmic information theory, He was an originator of the branch of artificial intelligence based on machine learning, prediction and probability...
, Oliver Selfridge
Oliver Selfridge
Oliver Gordon Selfridge , grandson of Harry Gordon Selfridge, the founder of Selfridges' department stores, was a pioneer of artificial intelligence. He has been called the "Father of Machine Perception."...
, Trenchard More
Trenchard More
Trenchard More is a professor at Dartmouth College who participated in the 1956 Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence....
, and John McCarthy
John McCarthy (computer scientist)
John McCarthy was an American computer scientist and cognitive scientist. He coined the term "artificial intelligence" , invented the Lisp programming language and was highly influential in the early development of AI.McCarthy also influenced other areas of computing such as time sharing systems...
.
While sponsored by Dartmouth College
Dartmouth College
Dartmouth College is a private, Ivy League university in Hanover, New Hampshire, United States. The institution comprises a liberal arts college, Dartmouth Medical School, Thayer School of Engineering, and the Tuck School of Business, as well as 19 graduate programs in the arts and sciences...
, General Electric
General Electric
General Electric Company , or GE, is an American multinational conglomerate corporation incorporated in Schenectady, New York and headquartered in Fairfield, Connecticut, United States...
, and the Frederick Whittemore Foundation, a $200,000 grant from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) called for a report of the proceedings that would:
- Analyze progress on AI's original challenges during the first 50 years, and assess whether the challenges were "easier" or "harder" than originally thought and, why
- Document what the AI@50 participants believe are the major research and development challenges facing this field over the next 50 years, and identify what breakthroughs will be needed to meet those challenges
- Relate those challenges and breakthroughs against developments and trends in other areas such as control theory, signal processing, information theory, statistics, and optimization theory.
A summary report by the conference director, James Moor, was published in AI Magazine.
Conference Program and links to published papers
- James Moor, conference Director, Introduction
- Carol Folt and Barry Scherr, Welcome
- Carey Heckman, Tonypandy and the Origins of Science
AI: Past, Present, Future
- John McCarthyJohn McCarthy (computer scientist)John McCarthy was an American computer scientist and cognitive scientist. He coined the term "artificial intelligence" , invented the Lisp programming language and was highly influential in the early development of AI.McCarthy also influenced other areas of computing such as time sharing systems...
, What Was Expected, What We Did, and AI Today - Marvin MinskyMarvin MinskyMarvin Lee Minsky is an American cognitive scientist in the field of artificial intelligence , co-founder of Massachusetts Institute of Technology's AI laboratory, and author of several texts on AI and philosophy.-Biography:...
, The Emotion MachineThe Emotion MachineThe Emotion Machine: Commonsense Thinking, Artificial Intelligence, and the Future of the Human Mind is a book by cognitive scientist Marvin Lee Minsky. The book is a sequel to Minsky's earlier book Society of Mind....
The Future Model of Thinking
- Ron Brachman and Hector LevesqueHector LevesqueHector Levesque is a Canadian academic and researcher in artificial intelligence.He received his BSc, MSc and PhD from the University of Toronto in 1975, 1977, and 1981, respectively...
, A Large Part of Human Thought - David MumfordDavid MumfordDavid Bryant Mumford is an American mathematician known for distinguished work in algebraic geometry, and then for research into vision and pattern theory. He won the Fields Medal and was a MacArthur Fellow. In 2010 he was awarded the National Medal of Science...
, What is the Right Model for 'Thought'? - Stuart RussellStuart RussellStuart Russell may refer to:* Stuart Russell , British Conservative party politician, MP for Darwen 1935–1943* Stuart J. Russell , computer scientist known for his contributions to artificial intelligence...
, The Approach of Modern AI
The Future of Network Models
- Geoffrey HintonGeoffrey HintonGeoffrey Hinton is a British born informatician most noted for his work on the mathematics and applications of neural networks, and their relationship to information theory.-Career:...
& Simon Osindero, From Pandemonium to Graphical Models and Back Again - Rick Granger, From Brain Circuits to Mind Manufacture
The Future of Learning & Search
- Oliver SelfridgeOliver SelfridgeOliver Gordon Selfridge , grandson of Harry Gordon Selfridge, the founder of Selfridges' department stores, was a pioneer of artificial intelligence. He has been called the "Father of Machine Perception."...
, Learning and Education for Software: New Approaches in Machine Learning - Ray SolomonoffRay SolomonoffRay Solomonoff was the inventor of algorithmic probability, and founder of algorithmic information theory, He was an originator of the branch of artificial intelligence based on machine learning, prediction and probability...
, Machine Learning — Past and Future - Leslie Pack Kaelbling, Learning to be Intelligent
- Peter NorvigPeter NorvigPeter Norvig is an American computer scientist. He is currently the Director of Research at Google Inc.-Educational Background:...
, Web Search as a Product of and Catalyst for AI
The Future of AI
- Rod Brooks, Intelligence and Bodies
- Nils Nilsson, Routes to the Summit
- Eric HorvitzEric HorvitzEric Horvitz is a Distinguished Scientist at Microsoft, where he serves as a research area manager within Microsoft Research. His research interests span theoretical and practical challenges with developing systems that perceive, learn, and reason...
, In Pursuit of Artificial Intelligence: Reflections on Challenges and Trajectories
The Future of Vision
- Eric Grimson, Intelligent Medical Image Analysis: Computer Assisted Surgery and Disease Monitoring
- Takeo KanadeTakeo Kanadeis a Japanese computer scientist and one of the world's foremost researchers in computer vision. He is currently U.A. and Helen Whitaker Professor at Carnegie Mellon University...
, Artificial Intelligence Vision: Progress and Non-Progress - Terry SejnowskiTerry SejnowskiTerrence Joseph Sejnowski is an Investigator with the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and is the Francis Crick Professor at The Salk Institute for Biological Studies where he directs the Computational Neurobiology Laboratory...
, A Critique of Pure Vision
The Future of Reasoning
- Alan BundyAlan BundyAlan Bundy, FRSE, FBCS, FAAAI, FECCAI, FAISB, is a professor at the School of Informatics at the University of Edinburgh, known for his contributions to automated reasoning, especially to proof-planning, the use of meta-level reasoning to guide proof search....
, Constructing, Selecting and Repairing Representations of Knowledge - Edwina Rissland, The Exquisite Centrality of Examples
- Bart SelmanBart SelmanBart Selman is a professor of computer science at Cornell University. He previously was at AT&T Bell Laboratories. He has authored over 90 publications, which have appeared in venues spanning Nature, Science, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences and a variety of conferences and journals...
, The Challenge and Promise of Automated Reasoning
The Future of Language and Cognition
- Trenchard MoreTrenchard MoreTrenchard More is a professor at Dartmouth College who participated in the 1956 Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence....
The Birth of Array Theory and Nial - Eugene CharniakEugene CharniakEugene Charniak is a Computer Science and Cognitive Science professor at Brown University. He has an A.B. in Physics from The University of Chicago and a Ph.D. from M.I.T. in Computer Science. His research has always been in the area of language understanding or technologies which relate to it,...
, Why Natural Language Processing is Now Statistical Natural Language Processing - Pat Langley, Intelligent Behavior in Humans and Machines
The Future of the Future
- Ray Kurzweil, Why We Can Be Confident of Turing Test Capability Within a Quarter Century
- George Cybenko, The Future Trajectory of AI
- Charles HollandCharles HollandCharles Holland was an English actor, was born in Chiswick, the son of a baker.He made his first appearance on the stage in the title role of Oroonoko at Drury Lane in 1755, John Palmer, Richard Yates and Susanna Cibber being in the cast...
, DARPA's Perspective
AI and Games
- Jonathan SchaefferJonathan SchaefferJonathan Herbert Schaeffer is a Canadian researcher and professor at the University of Alberta and the Canada Research Chair in Artificial Intelligence....
, Games as a Test-bed for Artificial Intelligence Research" - Danny KopecDanny KopecDr. Danny Kopec is an international chess master, author, and computer science professor at Brooklyn College. He graduated from Dartmouth College in the class of 1975...
, Chess and AI - Shay Bushinsky, Principle Positions in Deep Junior's Development
Future Interactions with Intelligent Machines
- Daniela Rus, Making Bodies Smart
- Sherry TurkleSherry TurkleSherry Turkle is Abby Rockefeller Mauze Professor of the Social Studies of Science and Technology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a sociologist...
, From Building Intelligences to Nurturing Sensibilities
Selected Submitted Papers: Future Strategies for AI
- J. Storrs HallJ. Storrs HallJohn Storrs Hall is involved in the field of molecular nanotechnology. He founded the sci.nanotech Usenet newsgroup and moderated it for ten years, and served as the founding chief scientist of Nanorex Inc. for two years...
, Self-improving AI: An Analysis - Selmer BringsjordSelmer BringsjordSelmer Bringsjörd is the chair of the Department of Cognitive Science at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. He is also a professor of Computer Science and Cognitive Science. He conducts research in Artificial Intelligence as the director of the Rensselaer AI & Reasoning Lab...
, The Logicist Manifesto - Vincent C. Müller, Is There a Future for AI Without Representation?
- Kristinn R. ThórissonKristinn R. ThórissonDr. Kristinn R. Thórisson is an Icelandic artificial intelligence researcher, and co-founder of and . Thórisson is one of the leading proponents of artificial intelligence systems integration. Other proponents of this approach are researchers such as Marvin Minsky, Aaron Sloman and Michael A....
, Integrated A.I. Systems
Selected Submitted Papers: Future Possibilities for AI
- Eric Steinhart, Survival as a Digital Ghost
- Colin T. A. Schmidt, Did You Leave That 'Contraption' Alone With Your Little Sister?
- Michael AndersonMichael Anderson- Sport :* Michael Anderson Pereira da Silva , Brazilian footballer better known simply as Michael* Michael Anderson , American basketball player* Michael Anderson , cricketer for Northumberland...
& Susan Leigh Anderson, The Status of Machine Ethics - Marcello Guarini, Computation, Coherence, and Ethical Reasoning
External links
- Dartmouth Artificial Intelligence Conference: The Next Fifty Years, conference Web site
- Peter NorvigPeter NorvigPeter Norvig is an American computer scientist. He is currently the Director of Research at Google Inc.-Educational Background:...
, Pictures from AI@50