Tickets issued from British Rail's

British Rail

British Railways , which from 1965 traded as British Rail, was the operator of most of the rail transport in Great Britain between 1948 and 1997. It was formed from the nationalisation of the "Big Four" British railway companies and lasted until the gradual privatisation of British Rail, in stages...

 APTIS

APTIS

APTIS was the Accountancy and Passenger Ticket Issuing System used on Rail transport in Great Britain until 2007.It was widely known as the All-Purpose Ticket-Issuing System, a description which was used during the development of the...

 system had a considerable amount of detail, presented in a consistent, standard format. This format has formed the basis for all subsequent ticket issuing systems introduced on the railway network - Ticket Office-based, self-service and conductor-operated machines alike. Much of the following summary is therefore applicable to the other systems featured in the "British railway ticket machines (computerised)" section.

1 : Class: Class of travel - either First (1ST) or Standard (originally shown as 2ND; when Second Class was renamed Standard Class in 1988, the abbreviation became STD, as shown here).

2 : Ticket type: Up to 16 characters. SUPERSAVER RTN, shown here, is a common type: a cheap-rate ticket for longer journeys, valid for 1 month but with time restrictions. Hundreds of different ticket types have been seen; many have been short-lived.

3 : Passengers: Usually only one adult or one child per ticket (hence the headings in the singular). Group tickets can be issued for any number and combination: number is shown in words up to NINE, but above this figures are used (for example, 17***, with asterisks to prevent fraudulent filling of spaces with other numbers).

4 : Portion indicator: Travel tickets can be singles (SGL), the outward portion of a return (OUT) or the return portion of a return (RTN). Some tickets issued for special trains and charters were single-portion returns showing OUT&RTN, although ordinary tickets for scheduled services were never issued in this format. In the illustrated example, this is the journey back to Bradford-on-Avon. The distinction between the two portions of a return ticket is required because certain ticket types have different restrictions for the outward and return portions. For example, Savers allow a break of journey on the return portion, but not the outward portion; also the outward portion must be on the date shown, but the return portion can be on day(s) within a month of the date shown.

5 : Status code: (see also Concessionary fares

Concessionary fares on the British railway network

In addition to the large number and variety of short-term or localised promotional fares that have been available to passengers on the British railway network in recent decades , there are many permanent concessionary fare schemes available to passengers...

) If this field is blank, one adult is travelling at full fare. Any form of concession

Concessionary Fares on the British railway network

In addition to the large number and variety of short-term or localised promotional fares that have been available to passengers on the British railway network in recent decades , there are many permanent concessionary fare schemes available to passengers...

 causing the fare to be reduced will be shown here - examples are:

• CHILD
• SNR (SNRCZ on early APTIS) - Senior Railcard
• NSE - Network Railcard
• Y-P (Y - P on early APTIS) - Young Persons Railcard
• PRIV - railway staff privilege card
• CHPRV - privilege card for dependent child of railway staff
• LACON - various Local Authority concessions
• NDEAL - New Deal Photocard

6 : Date : Always in DD.MMM.YY format. Months are rendered as follows: JNR, FBY, MCH, APR, MAY, JUN, JLY, AUG, SEP, OCT, NOV, DMR.

7 : Advance dating indicator: If an A is present next to the date, the ticket was bought before the date of travel. Standard travel tickets can be bought up to one year in advance.

8 : Serial number: Number unique to each individual transaction. OUT and RTN pairs of tickets have the same number - in the above example, the OUT ticket from Bradford-on-Avon to Leamington Spa would also be numbered 08661.

9 : Machine number: Number unique to that machine - when a machine changes location, it retains this number. The lowest-numbered APTIS machine was 2000 (which was still in use until July 2006 - at Northolt Park

Northolt Park railway station

Northolt Park railway station is a Network Rail station in Northolt, Greater London. It is in Cadogan Close and spans the boundary between the London Borough of Harrow and the London Borough of Ealing, with a footbridge connecting the north side to the south side .The service to the station has...

, on the Chiltern Railways

Chiltern Railways

Chiltern Railways is a British train operating company. It was set up at the privatisation of British Rail in 1996, and operates local passenger trains from Marylebone station in London to Aylesbury and main-line trains on the Chiltern Main Line to Birmingham Snow Hill with its associated branches...

 network - making it one of the last machines still in place), and the range continued with very few gaps through to 5168. A few machine numbers were never used. The order of numbering did not seem to depend on the machine build date; the mid-3000 range was used on the very earliest machines.

10 : Magnetic strip encoding indicator : The theta

Theta

Theta is the eighth letter of the Greek alphabet, derived from the Phoenician letter Teth...

 symbol (θ) began to appear on APTIS tickets around late 1988, indicating that the magnetic strip

Magnetic stripe card

A magnetic stripe card is a type of card capable of storing data by modifying the magnetism of tiny iron-based magnetic particles on a band of magnetic material on the card...

 on the reverse was encoded with data, allowing the ticket to operate the automatic barriers that were being installed at London Underground

London Underground

The London Underground is a rapid transit system serving a large part of Greater London and some parts of Buckinghamshire, Hertfordshire and Essex in England...

 stations at the time. Such barriers are now in common use at National Rail stations as well.

11 : National Location Code : The National Location Code

National Location Code

In the context of the ticketing system of the British railway network, a National Location Code is a four-digit code allocated to every railway station and railway ticket issuing point in Great Britain. NLCs are used in the issue of tickets, and for accounting purposes...

 (NLC) of the station or issuing point at which the machine is based. Because APTIS tickets can be issued remotely, i.e. from a station other than the machine's "home" location, checking the NLC is the only way to confirm where a ticket was issued.

12 : REGION LETTER : Shows the historic region with which the NLC is associated:

• S - Southern
• W - Western
• M - London Midland
• E - Eastern
• H - Scottish
• B was sometimes used for travel centre, telesales or travel agency locations. As sectorisation had happened by the time APTIS was introduced, these distinctions had lost some of their relevance.

13 : Window number: The first machine at a location would be numbered 01, with subsequent machines being 02, 03 and so on. Spare machines were allocated to some of the larger stations on the network for use in case of machine breakdowns at that station or nearby ones, or for use in accounting, barcode-scanning, training and similar; these were numbered downwards from 99 (very few stations had more than two). At stations equipped with modern issuing systems (such as Fujitsu STAR), the window numbers often begin higher than 01, for example at 30.

14 : "From" station: Station of origin for that portion of the journey. Restricted to 16 characters. An asterisk was placed after names of up to 14 characters, to prevent fraudulent amendments to station names (for example, "CAMBRIDGE" to "CAMBRIDGE HEATH").

15 : Validity indicator : A description of the conditions of validity, again to a maximum of 16 characters. Tickets whose validity restrictions were complex, as in this example, showed SEE RESTRCTIONS (originally SEE RESTRICTNS) or AS ADVERTISED, depending on the ticket type; other common examples were ON DATE SHOWN, THREE DAYS and ONE MONTH.

16 : Fare Paid : Almost all fares were in multiples of £0.05. Rounding was done in the passenger's favour: for example, a Railcard discount of one-third would be rounded to 34% (i.e. 66% of the full fare), downwards to the nearest £0.05. In fact APTIS could apply any whole discount from 1% up to 99% and it was how the various Companies decided what discount to apply e.g. Senior Citizen at 33%. This discount routine also introduced Privilege Fares based on current charges and allowed return fares to be used where previously only Single fares had been the basis for charging.

17 : Payment method : As follows:

• M: cash
• X: credit, debit or charge card
• Q: cheque
• W: Railway Warrant or Rail Travel Voucher

18 : "To" station : Destination station for that portion of the journey. Restricted to 16 characters, with the asterisk used to fill space as before.

19 : Route : Again restricted to 16 characters. Hundreds of routes exist, but most are either "positive" restrictions (specifying a station to travel via) or "negative" restrictions (specifying stations to avoid). Often, more than one route would be available for a journey, with fares being different for each. In the illustrated example, the journey must be made via BRISTOL. An example of a "negative" restriction applicable to this journey would be NOT READING. Restrictions limiting travel on a certain TOC also exist, for example a Standard Open Return between Birmingham Stns and London Terminals could be issued with route CENTRAL/SILVLINK, allowing travel on Central Trains

Central Trains

Central Trains was one of the original 25 train operating companies to emerge from the break-up of British Rail between 1994 and 1997. The company operated local, urban and secondary express services across central England and Mid Wales.-Overview:...

 and Silverlink

Silverlink

Silverlink Train Services Ltd was a train operating company in the United Kingdom. It operated routes in North London and from London to Northampton...

 only. A dagger

Dagger (typography)

A dagger, or obelisk. is a typographical symbol or glyph. The term "obelisk" derives from Greek , which means "little obelus"; from meaning "roasting spit"...

 (†; described in publications as a "Maltese cross") may appear before the route if the ticket is valid for a cross-London journey on the London Underground

London Underground

The London Underground is a rapid transit system serving a large part of Greater London and some parts of Buckinghamshire, Hertfordshire and Essex in England...

. If there is nothing else to enter here, then ANY PERMITTED appears.

20 : Time : Time of issue of the ticket, in 24-hour mode. The letters MIN may appear to the right of here if the ticket has had a minimum fare applied.

The colour band top and bottom varied depending on the type and style of ticket, e.g. receipt, season etc.