A06AA Softeners, emollients

A06AA01 Liquid paraffin

Liquid paraffin (medicinal)

Medicinal liquid paraffin is a very highly refined mineral white oil used in cosmetics and for medical purposes. This is a UK definition and the term may have different uses in other countries...

A06AA02 Docusate sodium

A06AA51 Liquid paraffin, combinations

A06AB Contact laxatives

A06AB01 Oxyphenisatine

Oxyphenisatine

Oxyphenisatine is a laxative. It is closely related to bisacodyl, sodium picosulfate, and phenolphthalein. Long term use is associated with liver damage, and as a result, it was withdrawn in most countries in the early 1970s...

A06AB02 Bisacodyl

Bisacodyl

Bisacodyl is a stimulant laxative drug that works directly on the large colon to produce a bowel movement. It is typically prescribed for relief of constipation and for the management of neurogenic bowel dysfunction as well as part of bowel preparation before medical examinations, such as for a...

A06AB03 Dantron

Dantron

1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone is an organic substance with formula , formally derived from anthraquinone by the replacement of two hydrogen atoms by hydroxyl groups...

A06AB04 Phenolphthalein

Phenolphthalein

Phenolphthalein is a chemical compound with the formula C20H14O4 and is often written as "HIn" or "phph" in shorthand notation. Often used in titrations, it turns colorless in acidic solutions and pink in basic solutions...

A06AB05 Castor oil

Castor oil

Castor oil is a vegetable oil obtained from the castor bean . Castor oil is a colorless to very pale yellow liquid with mild or no odor or taste. Its boiling point is and its density is 961 kg/m3...

A06AB06 Senna glycosides

Senna glycosides

Senna glycosides or sennosides are a number of anthraquinone derivatives useful as a laxative. They are dimeric glycosides named after their abundant occurrence in plants of the genus Senna....

A06AB07 Cascara

Rhamnus purshiana

Rhamnus purshiana Rhamnus purshiana Rhamnus purshiana (Cascara Buckthorn, Cascara, Bearberry, and in the Chinook Jargon, Chittam or Chitticum; syn...

A06AB08 Sodium picosulfate

Sodium picosulfate

Sodium picosulfate is a contact laxative used as a treatment for constipation or to prepare the large bowel before colonoscopy or surgery....

A06AB09 Bisoxatin

Bisoxatin

Bisoxatin is a laxative....

A06AB20 Contact laxatives in combination

A06AB30 Contact laxatives in combination with belladonna alkaloids

A06AB52 Bisacodyl

Bisacodyl

Bisacodyl is a stimulant laxative drug that works directly on the large colon to produce a bowel movement. It is typically prescribed for relief of constipation and for the management of neurogenic bowel dysfunction as well as part of bowel preparation before medical examinations, such as for a...

, combinations

A06AB53 Dantron

Dantron

1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone is an organic substance with formula , formally derived from anthraquinone by the replacement of two hydrogen atoms by hydroxyl groups...

, combinations

A06AB56 Senna glycosides

Senna glycosides

Senna glycosides or sennosides are a number of anthraquinone derivatives useful as a laxative. They are dimeric glycosides named after their abundant occurrence in plants of the genus Senna....

, combinations

A06AB57 Cascara

Rhamnus purshiana

Rhamnus purshiana Rhamnus purshiana Rhamnus purshiana (Cascara Buckthorn, Cascara, Bearberry, and in the Chinook Jargon, Chittam or Chitticum; syn...

, combinations

A06AB58 Sodium picosulfate

Sodium picosulfate

Sodium picosulfate is a contact laxative used as a treatment for constipation or to prepare the large bowel before colonoscopy or surgery....

, combinations

A06AC Bulk producers

A06AC01 Ispaghula (psylla seeds)

A06AC02 Ethulose

Ethulose

Ethulose is a laxative. It is also known as ethylhydroxyethylcellulose.As a food additive with E number E467, ethulose is used as an emulsifier....

A06AC03 Sterculia

Sterculia

Sterculia is a genus of flowering plants in the mallow family, Malvaceae. It was previously placed in the now obsolete Sterculiaceae. Members of the genus are colloquially known as tropical chestnuts...

A06AC05 Linseed

A06AC06 Methylcellulose

Methylcellulose

Methyl cellulose is a chemical compound derived from cellulose. It is a hydrophilic white powder in pure form and dissolves in cold water, forming a clear viscous solution or gel. It is sold under a variety of trade names and is used as a thickener and emulsifier in various food and cosmetic...

A06AC07 Triticum (wheat fibre)

A06AC08 Polycarbophil calcium

A06AC51 Ispaghula, combinations

A06AC53 Sterculia

Sterculia

Sterculia is a genus of flowering plants in the mallow family, Malvaceae. It was previously placed in the now obsolete Sterculiaceae. Members of the genus are colloquially known as tropical chestnuts...

, combinations

A06AC55 Linseed, combinations

A06AD Osmotically acting laxatives

A06AD01 Magnesium carbonate

Magnesium carbonate

Magnesium carbonate, MgCO3, is a white solid that occurs in nature as a mineral. Several hydrated and basic forms of magnesium carbonate also exist as minerals...

A06AD02 Magnesium oxide

Magnesium oxide

Magnesium oxide , or magnesia, is a white hygroscopic solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium . It has an empirical formula of and consists of a lattice of Mg2+ ions and O2– ions held together by ionic bonds...

A06AD03 Magnesium peroxide

Magnesium peroxide

Magnesium peroxide is a fine powder peroxide with a white to off-white color. It is similar to calcium peroxide because magnesium peroxide also releases oxygen by breaking down at a controlled rate with a hydrous fluid...

A06AD04 Magnesium sulfate

Magnesium sulfate

Magnesium sulfate is a chemical compound containing magnesium, sulfur and oxygen, with the formula MgSO4. It is often encountered as the heptahydrate epsomite , commonly called Epsom salt, from the town of Epsom in Surrey, England, where the salt was distilled from the springs that arise where the...

A06AD10 Mineral salts in combination

A06AD11 Lactulose

Lactulose

Lactulose is a synthetic, non-digestible sugar used in the treatment of chronic constipation and hepatic encephalopathy, a complication of liver disease. It is a disaccharide formed from one molecule each of the simple sugars fructose and galactose...

A06AD12 Lactitol

Lactitol

Lactitol is a sugar alcohol used as a replacement bulk sweetener for low calorie foods with approximately 40% of the sweetness of sugar. Lactitol is produced by two manufacturers, Danisco and Purac Biochem.-Applications:...

A06AD13 Sodium sulfate

Sodium sulfate

Sodium sulfate is the sodium salt of sulfuric acid. When anhydrous, it is a white crystalline solid of formula Na2SO4 known as the mineral thenardite; the decahydrate Na2SO4·10H2O has been known as Glauber's salt or, historically, sal mirabilis since the 17th century. Another solid is the...

A06AD14 Pentaerithrityl

A06AD15 Macrogol

Macrogol

Macrogol is the International Nonproprietary Name for polyethylene glycol. Macrogols have been used as laxatives, i.e. to treat constipation....

A06AD16 Mannitol

Mannitol

Mannitol is a white, crystalline organic compound with the formula . This polyol is used as an osmotic diuretic agent and a weak renal vasodilator...

A06AD17 Sodium phosphate

Trisodium phosphate

Trisodium phosphate is a cleaning agent, food additive, stain remover and degreaser. It is a white, granular or crystalline solid, highly soluble in water producing an alkaline solution....

A06AD18 Sorbitol

Sorbitol

Sorbitol, also known as glucitol, Sorbogem® and Sorbo®, is a sugar alcohol that the human body metabolizes slowly. It can be obtained by reduction of glucose, changing the aldehyde group to a hydroxyl group. Sorbitol is found in apples, pears, peaches, and prunes...

A06AD19 Magnesium citrate

Magnesium citrate

Magnesium citrate, a magnesium salt of citric acid, is a chemical agent used medicinally as a saline laxative and to completely empty the bowel prior to a major surgery or colonoscopy. It is available without a prescription, both as a generic brand or under the brand name Citromag or Citroma. It is...

A06AD21 Sodium tartrate

Sodium tartrate

Sodium tartrate is used as an emulsifier and a binding agent in food products such as jellies, margarine, and sausage casings. As a food additive, it is known by the E number E335....

A06AD61 Lactulose

Lactulose

Lactulose is a synthetic, non-digestible sugar used in the treatment of chronic constipation and hepatic encephalopathy, a complication of liver disease. It is a disaccharide formed from one molecule each of the simple sugars fructose and galactose...

, combinations

A06AD65 Macrogol

Macrogol

Macrogol is the International Nonproprietary Name for polyethylene glycol. Macrogols have been used as laxatives, i.e. to treat constipation....

, combinations

A06AG Enemas

A06AG01 Sodium phosphate

Trisodium phosphate

Trisodium phosphate is a cleaning agent, food additive, stain remover and degreaser. It is a white, granular or crystalline solid, highly soluble in water producing an alkaline solution....

A06AG02 Bisacodyl

Bisacodyl

Bisacodyl is a stimulant laxative drug that works directly on the large colon to produce a bowel movement. It is typically prescribed for relief of constipation and for the management of neurogenic bowel dysfunction as well as part of bowel preparation before medical examinations, such as for a...

A06AG03 Dantron

Dantron

1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone is an organic substance with formula , formally derived from anthraquinone by the replacement of two hydrogen atoms by hydroxyl groups...

, including combinations

A06AG04 Glycerol

Glycerol

Glycerol is a simple polyol compound. It is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid that is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations. Glycerol has three hydroxyl groups that are responsible for its solubility in water and its hygroscopic nature. The glycerol backbone is central to all lipids...

A06AG06 Oil

Oil

An oil is any substance that is liquid at ambient temperatures and does not mix with water but may mix with other oils and organic solvents. This general definition includes vegetable oils, volatile essential oils, petrochemical oils, and synthetic oils....

A06AG07 Sorbitol

Sorbitol

Sorbitol, also known as glucitol, Sorbogem® and Sorbo®, is a sugar alcohol that the human body metabolizes slowly. It can be obtained by reduction of glucose, changing the aldehyde group to a hydroxyl group. Sorbitol is found in apples, pears, peaches, and prunes...

A06AG10 Docusate sodium, including combinations

A06AG11 Laurilsulfate, including combinations

A06AG20 Combinations

A06AH Peripheral opioid receptor antagonists

A06AH01 Methylnaltrexone bromide

A06AH02 Alvimopan

Alvimopan

Alvimopan is a drug which behaves as a peripherally acting μ-opioid antagonist. With limited ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, many of the undesirable side-effects of the opioid agonists such as constipation are minimized without affecting analgesia or precipitating withdrawals...

A06AX Other laxatives

A06AX01 Glycerol

Glycerol

Glycerol is a simple polyol compound. It is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid that is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations. Glycerol has three hydroxyl groups that are responsible for its solubility in water and its hygroscopic nature. The glycerol backbone is central to all lipids...

A06AX02 Carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide is a naturally occurring chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom...

 producing drugs

A06AX03 Lubiprostone

Lubiprostone

Lubiprostone is a medication used in the management of chronic idiopathic constipation and irritable bowel syndrome. It was approved by the U.S...