ATC code M03
Encyclopedia
M03AA CurareCurareCurare is a common name for various arrow poisons originating from South America. The three main types of curare are:* tubocurare...
alkaloids
- M03AA01 AlcuroniumAlcuroniumAlcuronium is a peripherally acting muscle relaxant in the curare alkaloid family. It is a semi-synthetic substance derived from toxiferine.- Effects :...
- M03AA02 TubocurarineTubocurarineTubocurarine is a neuromuscular-blocking drug or skeletal muscle relaxant in the category of non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drugs, used adjunctively in anesthesia to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation...
- M03AA04 Dimethyltubocurarine
M03AC Other quaternary ammonium compounds
- M03AC01 PancuroniumPancuroniumPancuronium is a muscle relaxant with various purposes. It is the second of three drugs administered during most lethal injections in the United States.- Mode of action :...
- M03AC02 GallamineGallamineGallamine triethiodide is a non-depolarising muscle relaxant. It acts by combining with the cholinergic receptor sites in muscle and competitively blocking the transmitter action of acetylcholine. Gallamine triethiodide has a parasympatholytic effect on the cardiac vagus nerve which causes...
- M03AC03 VecuroniumVecuroniumVecuronium is a muscle relaxant in the category of non-depolarizing blocking agents. Vecuronium bromide is indicated as an adjunct to general anesthesia, to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation...
- M03AC04 AtracuriumAtracuriumAtracurium besylate is a neuromuscular-blocking drug or skeletal muscle relaxant in the category of non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drugs, used adjunctively in anesthesia to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical...
- M03AC05 Hexafluronium
- M03AC06 Pipecuronium bromidePipecuronium bromidePipecuronium is a muscle relaxant which acts as a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist....
- M03AC07 Doxacurium chlorideDoxacurium chlorideDoxacurium chloride is a neuromuscular-blocking drug or skeletal muscle relaxant in the category of non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drugs, used adjunctively in anesthesia to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation...
- M03AC08 Fazadinium bromideFazadinium bromideFazadinium bromide is a muscle relaxant which acts as a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist through neuromuscular blockade....
- M03AC09 Rocuronium bromide
- M03AC10 Mivacurium chloride
- M03AC11 CisatracuriumCisatracuriumCisatracurium is a neuromuscular-blocking drug or skeletal muscle relaxant in the category of non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drugs, used adjunctively in anesthesia to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation...
M03AX Other muscle relaxants, peripherally acting agents
- M03AX01 Botulinum toxinBotulinum toxinBotulinum toxin is a protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, and is considered the most powerful neurotoxin ever discovered. Botulinum toxin causes Botulism poisoning, a serious and life-threatening illness in humans and animals...
M03BA Carbamic acidCarbamic acidCarbamic acid is a compound that is unstable under normal circumstances. It is technically the simplest amino acid, though its instability allows glycine to assume this title. Its importance is due more to its relevance in identifying the names of larger compounds...
esters
- M03BA01 PhenprobamatePhenprobamatePhenprobamate is a centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, with additional sedative and anticonvulsant effects. Overdose is similar to barbiturates. Its mechanism of action is probably similar to meprobamate...
- M03BA02 CarisoprodolCarisoprodolCarisoprodol is a centrally-acting skeletal muscle relaxant. Carisoprodol is slightly soluble in water and freely soluble in alcohol, chloroform and acetone. The drug's solubility is practically independent of pH. Carisoprodol is manufactured and marketed in the United States by Meda Pharmaceuticals...
- M03BA03 MethocarbamolMethocarbamolMethocarbamol is a central muscle relaxant used to treat skeletal muscle spasms...
- M03BA04 StyramateStyramateStyramate is a muscle relaxant and anticonvulsant drug. At therapeutic doses, it does not produce significant sedative effects....
- M03BA05 FebarbamateFebarbamateFebarbamate , also known as phenobamate, is an anxiolytic and tranquilizer of the barbiturate and carbamate families which is used in Europe by itself and as part of a combination drug formulation called tetrabamate....
- M03BA51 Phenprobamate, combinations excluding psycholeptics
- M03BA52 Carisoprodol, combinations excluding psycholeptics
- M03BA53 Methocarbamol, combinations excluding psycholeptics
- M03BA71 Phenprobamate, combinations with psycholeptics
- M03BA72 Carisoprodol, combinations with psycholeptics
- M03BA73 Methocarbamol, combinations with psycholeptics
- QM03BA99 Combinations
M03BB Oxazol, thiazineThiazineThiazines are organic compounds containing a ring of four carbon, one nitrogen and one sulfur atom. Chemicals that include thiazine are used for dyes, tranquilizers and insecticides.-See also:*Methylene blue*Phenothiazine*Heterocyclic compound*Morpholine...
, and triazineTriazineA triazine is one of three organic chemicals, isomeric with each other, whose molecular formula is 333 and whose empirical formula is CHN.- Structure :...
derivatives
- M03BB02 ChlormezanoneChlormezanoneChlormezanone is a drug used as an anxiolytic and a muscle relaxant.Its use was discontinued in many countries in 1996, due to rare but serious cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis.- Chemistry :...
- M03BB03 Chlorzoxazone
- M03BB52 Chlormezanone, combinations excluding psycholeptics
- M03BB53 Chlorzoxazone, combinations excluding psycholeptics
- M03BB72 Chlormezanone, combinations with psycholeptics
- M03BB73 Chlorzoxazone, combinations with psycholeptics
M03BC EtherEtherEthers are a class of organic compounds that contain an ether group — an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl or aryl groups — of general formula R–O–R'. A typical example is the solvent and anesthetic diethyl ether, commonly referred to simply as "ether"...
s, chemically close to antihistamineAntihistamineAn H1 antagonist is a histamine antagonist of the H1 receptor that serves to reduce or eliminate effects mediated by histamine, an endogenous chemical mediator released during allergic reactions...
s
- M03BC01 OrphenadrineOrphenadrineOrphenadrine is an anticholinergic drug of the ethanolamine antihistamine class with prominent CNS and peripheral actions used to treat painful muscle spasms, other similar conditions, as well as the treatment...
(citrate) - M03BC51 Orphenadrine, combinations
M03BX Other centrally acting agents
- M03BX01 BaclofenBaclofenBaclofen is a derivative of gamma-aminobutyric acid . It is primarily used to treat spasticity and is under investigation for the treatment of alcoholism....
- M03BX02 TizanidineTizanidineTizanidine is a drug that is used as a muscle relaxant. It is a centrally acting α2 adrenergic agonist. It is used to treat the spasms, cramping, and tightness of muscles caused by medical problems such as multiple sclerosis, spastic diplegia, back pain, or certain other injuries to the spine or...
- M03BX03 PridinolPridinolPridinol is a muscle relaxant.There is some evidence in one of Paul Janssens first books that pridinol cannot simply be acylated to make a reverse ester of methadone. The reason for this is steric strain making the product unstable....
- M03BX04 TolperisoneTolperisoneTolperisone, a piperidine derivative, is a centrally-acting muscle relaxant. Trade names include Biocalm,Muscodol, Mydeton, Mydocalm, Myolax, Myoxan and Viveo.- Clinical use :...
- M03BX05 ThiocolchicosideThiocolchicosideThiocolchicoside is a muscle relaxant with anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. It acts as a competitive GABAA receptor antagonist and also inhibits glycine receptors with similar potency and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors to a much lesser extent...
- M03BX06 MephenesinMephenesinMephenesin is a centrally acting muscle relaxant. It can be used as an antidote for strychnine poisoning....
- M03BX07 TetrazepamTetrazepamTetrazepam is a benzodiazepine derivative with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, hypnotic and muscle relaxant properties...
- M03BX08 CyclobenzaprineCyclobenzaprineCyclobenzaprine is a muscle relaxant medication used to relieve skeletal muscle spasms and associated pain in acute musculoskeletal conditions. It is the most well-studied drug for this application, and it also has been used off-label for fibromyalgia treatment.- Mechanism of action :The mechanism...
- M03BX09 EperisoneEperisoneEperisone is an antispasmodic drug.Eperisone acts by relaxing both skeletal muscles and vascular smooth muscles, and demonstrates a variety of effects such as reduction of myotonia, improvement of circulation, and suppression of the pain reflex...
- M03BX30 PhenyramidolPhenyramidolPhenyramidol is a chemical substance which has a property of muscle relaxant.EZYFLEX ...
- QM03BX90 GuaifenesinGuaifenesinGuaifenesin INN or guaiphenesin , also glyceryl guaiacolate, is an expectorant drug sold over the counter and usually taken by mouth to assist the bringing up of phlegm from the airways in acute respiratory tract infections.-History:Similar medicines derived from the guaiac tree were in use as a...