Achmad Soebardjo
Encyclopedia
Raden Achmad Soebardjo Djojoadisoerjo (born Karawang Regency
, West Java
, 23 March 1896 - died 15 December 1978) was a diplomat
, one of Indonesia
's founding fathers, and an Indonesian national hero. He was the first Foreign Minister
of Indonesia
. In 1933, he received the degree Meester in de Rechten from Leiden University
, Netherland
.
, West Java
, on 23 March, 1896. His father's name was Teuku Muhammad Yusuf, an Acehnese
patrician from Pidie. His paternal grandfather was an ulama
and his father was the chief of police in Teluk Jambe, Karawang. His mother's name was Wardinah. She was of Javanese
-Buginese
descent, and was daughter from Camat in Telukagung, Cirebon
.
Initially, his father gave him the name Teuku Abdul Manaf, but his mother gave him the name Ahmad Subardjo. Djojoadisoerjo was added by himself after he was arrested and imprisoned at Ponogoro Prison because of his involvement with the "July 3, 1946 Incident".
He studied at Hogere Burger School, Jakarta
in 1917. He continued to Leiden University
, Netherlands
and obtained the degree Meester in de Rechten title in the field of law in 1933.
, and the Indonesian experts movement became Indonesia's representatives at the international court League against Imperialism
in Brussels
and later in Germany
. At the first court there were Jawaharlal Nehru
and others nationalist leaders from Asia
and Africa
. While he returned to Indonesia, he became an active member of BPUPKI.
On August 17 1945, Soebardjo was appointed as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Presidential Cabinet, Indonesia's first cabinet, and served as Minister of Foreign Affairs once again from 1951 to 1952 in Sukiman's Cabinet
. In addition, he also became the Ambassador
of the Republic of Indonesian in Switzerland
between the years 1957 and 1961.
Hospital, Kebayoran Baru
, because of flu complications. He was buried at his vacation home in Cipayung, Bogor
. In 2009 the government honoured him as a National Hero.
Karawang Regency
Karawang Regency is a regency of West Java, Indonesia. Karawang is its capital.It has an area of 1,737.53 sq km and 2010 census result of 2,125,234 people, for a density of 1,223 people per sq km.-New Airport:...
, West Java
West Java
West Java , with a population of over 43 million, is the most populous and most densely populated province of Indonesia. Located on the island of Java, it is slightly smaller in area than densely populated Taiwan, but with nearly double the population...
, 23 March 1896 - died 15 December 1978) was a diplomat
Diplomat
A diplomat is a person appointed by a state to conduct diplomacy with another state or international organization. The main functions of diplomats revolve around the representation and protection of the interests and nationals of the sending state, as well as the promotion of information and...
, one of Indonesia
Indonesian
The word Indonesian may refer to:* Anything of, from, or related to Indonesia, a country in Southeast Asia* A person from Indonesia, or of Indonesian descent. For information on the Indonesian people, see Demographics of Indonesia and Culture of Indonesia...
's founding fathers, and an Indonesian national hero. He was the first Foreign Minister
Foreign minister
A Minister of Foreign Affairs, or foreign minister, is a cabinet minister who helps form the foreign policy of a sovereign state. The foreign minister is often regarded as the most senior ministerial position below that of the head of government . It is often granted to the deputy prime minister in...
of Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
. In 1933, he received the degree Meester in de Rechten from Leiden University
Leiden University
Leiden University , located in the city of Leiden, is the oldest university in the Netherlands. The university was founded in 1575 by William, Prince of Orange, leader of the Dutch Revolt in the Eighty Years' War. The royal Dutch House of Orange-Nassau and Leiden University still have a close...
, Netherland
Netherland
Netherland is a critically acclaimed novel by Joseph O'Neill. It concerns the life of a Dutchman living in New York in the wake of the September 11 attacks who takes up cricket and starts playing at the Staten Island Cricket Club.-Plot summary:...
.
Early life
Achmad Soebardjo was born in Teluk Jambe, Karawang RegencyKarawang Regency
Karawang Regency is a regency of West Java, Indonesia. Karawang is its capital.It has an area of 1,737.53 sq km and 2010 census result of 2,125,234 people, for a density of 1,223 people per sq km.-New Airport:...
, West Java
West Java
West Java , with a population of over 43 million, is the most populous and most densely populated province of Indonesia. Located on the island of Java, it is slightly smaller in area than densely populated Taiwan, but with nearly double the population...
, on 23 March, 1896. His father's name was Teuku Muhammad Yusuf, an Acehnese
Acehnese people
The Acehnese are a people in Aceh, Indonesia. Their homeland is located in the northern-most tip of the island of Sumatra and had a history of political struggle against the Dutch...
patrician from Pidie. His paternal grandfather was an ulama
Ulama
-In Islam:* Ulema, also transliterated "ulama", a community of legal scholars of Islam and its laws . See:**Nahdlatul Ulama **Darul-uloom Nadwatul Ulama **Jamiatul Ulama Transvaal**Jamiat ul-Ulama -Other:...
and his father was the chief of police in Teluk Jambe, Karawang. His mother's name was Wardinah. She was of Javanese
Javanese
The Javanese people is an ethnic group native to the Indonesian island of Java. At approximately 85 million people , it is the largest ethnic group on the island, and also in Indonesia. They are predominantly located in the central to eastern parts of the island...
-Buginese
Bugis
The Bugis are the most numerous of the three major linguistic and ethnic groups of South Sulawesi, the southwestern province of Sulawesi, Indonesia's third largest island. Although many Bugis live in the large port cities of Makassar and Parepare, the majority are farmers who grow wet rice on the...
descent, and was daughter from Camat in Telukagung, Cirebon
Cirebon
Cirebon is a port city on the north coast of the Indonesian island of Java. It is located in the province of West Java near the provincial border with Central Java, approximately 297 km east of Jakarta, at .The seat of a former Sultanate, the city's West and Central Java border location have...
.
Initially, his father gave him the name Teuku Abdul Manaf, but his mother gave him the name Ahmad Subardjo. Djojoadisoerjo was added by himself after he was arrested and imprisoned at Ponogoro Prison because of his involvement with the "July 3, 1946 Incident".
He studied at Hogere Burger School, Jakarta
Jakarta
Jakarta is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Officially known as the Special Capital Territory of Jakarta, it is located on the northwest coast of Java, has an area of , and a population of 9,580,000. Jakarta is the country's economic, cultural and political centre...
in 1917. He continued to Leiden University
Leiden University
Leiden University , located in the city of Leiden, is the oldest university in the Netherlands. The university was founded in 1575 by William, Prince of Orange, leader of the Dutch Revolt in the Eighty Years' War. The royal Dutch House of Orange-Nassau and Leiden University still have a close...
, Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
and obtained the degree Meester in de Rechten title in the field of law in 1933.
Struggle
As a student, he was active in the fight for Indonesian independence through several organizations such as Jong Java and the Indonesian Students Association in the Netherlands. In February 1927, Soebardjo, Mohammad HattaMohammad Hatta
was born in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra, Dutch East Indies . He was Indonesia's first vice president, later also serving as the country's Prime Minister. Known as "The Proclamator", he and a number of Indonesians, including the first president of Indonesia, Sukarno, fought for the independence of...
, and the Indonesian experts movement became Indonesia's representatives at the international court League against Imperialism
League against Imperialism
The League against Imperialism was founded in the Egmont Palace in Brussels, Belgium, on February 10, 1927, in presence of 175 delegates, among which 107 came from 37 countries under colonial rule. The Congress aimed at creating a "mass anti-imperialist movement" at a world scale, and was...
in Brussels
Brussels
Brussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the capital of Belgium and the de facto capital of the European Union...
and later in Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. At the first court there were Jawaharlal Nehru
Jawaharlal Nehru
Jawaharlal Nehru , often referred to with the epithet of Panditji, was an Indian statesman who became the first Prime Minister of independent India and became noted for his “neutralist” policies in foreign affairs. He was also one of the principal leaders of India’s independence movement in the...
and others nationalist leaders from Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
and Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
. While he returned to Indonesia, he became an active member of BPUPKI.
On August 17 1945, Soebardjo was appointed as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Presidential Cabinet, Indonesia's first cabinet, and served as Minister of Foreign Affairs once again from 1951 to 1952 in Sukiman's Cabinet
Sukiman Cabinet
The Sukiman Cabinet was an Indonesian cabinet that served from 27 April 1951 until 25 February 1952.-Cabinet Leadership:*Prime Minister: Sukiman Wirjosandjojo*Deputy Prime Minister: Suwirjo -Cabinet Members:...
. In addition, he also became the Ambassador
Ambassador
An ambassador is the highest ranking diplomat who represents a nation and is usually accredited to a foreign sovereign or government, or to an international organization....
of the Republic of Indonesian in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
between the years 1957 and 1961.
Death
Soebardjo died at the age of 82 at PertaminaPertamina
Pertamina is an Indonesian government-owned corporation which extracts and refines the country's oil and gas reserves. It was created in August 1968 by the merger of Pertamin and Permina...
Hospital, Kebayoran Baru
Kebayoran Baru
Kebayoran Baru is a subdistrict of South Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia. Kebayoran Baru is the last residential area to be developed by the Dutch colonial administration. The urban planning consists of a well-planned residential areas, shopping centers, and business district, complete with its...
, because of flu complications. He was buried at his vacation home in Cipayung, Bogor
Bogor
Bogor is a city on the island of Java in the West Java province of Indonesia. The city is located in the center of the Bogor Regency , 60 kilometers south of the Indonesian capital Jakarta...
. In 2009 the government honoured him as a National Hero.