Aculco
Encyclopedia
Aculco de Espinoza is a town and the seat of the municipality called Aculco in Mexico State.
es, despite the fact that its name comes from Nahuatl
. After being a village inhabited by Otomies for long time, it became a region dominated by the Mexica
s, who lived there many years before the founding of Tenochtitlan.
With the arrival of the Spanish
, in 1540, construction on the church and the convent of San Jeronimo began. In November 1810, Miguel Hidalgo
and his contingent, who began the Mexican War of Independence
, arrived in the region. Aculco was also where insurgents, led by Don Miguel Hidalgo, lost a battle against the troops of Felix Ma. Calleja.
During the nineteenth century, the town hall and the first primary school in the region was constructed. Public baths and a municipal pool were also built.
Aculco borders Polotitlán in the north, Querétaro in the south, and Acambay and Timilpan in the south. It is approximately 100 kilometers away from or over 1 hour from Toluca Toluca
.
Over 16,000 people in the region is illiterate.
, fur
, wool
and egg
. Aculco's inner commerce principally occurs at the municipal market
, while its outer commerce is with Toluca
, Mexico City
and Querétaro
.
Another major economic activity of Aculco is the exploitation of natural resources like sand, with quarries
present in the region.
Aculco is famous for the dairy products it produce. The municipality is also home to a metal structure manufacturing company.
". Many rivers, including the Río Ñadó and Río Prieto also flow through the municipality.
In addition, Aculco is home to numerous historic sites, including the San Jerónimo and the "Garrido Varela" (a bullring
), as well as the former residence of Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla. Two busts are located in Aculco in the memory of Benito Juarez and Miguel Hidalgo.
History
Aculco was founded approximately in 1110 A.D. by the OtomiOtomi people
The Otomi people . Smaller Otomi populations exist in the states of Puebla, Mexico, Tlaxcala, Michoacán and Guanajuato. The Otomi language belonging to the Oto-Pamean branch of the Oto-Manguean language family is spoken in many different varieties some of which are not mutually intelligible.One of...
es, despite the fact that its name comes from Nahuatl
Nahuatl
Nahuatl is thought to mean "a good, clear sound" This language name has several spellings, among them náhuatl , Naoatl, Nauatl, Nahuatl, Nawatl. In a back formation from the name of the language, the ethnic group of Nahuatl speakers are called Nahua...
. After being a village inhabited by Otomies for long time, it became a region dominated by the Mexica
Mexica
The Mexica were a pre-Columbian people of central Mexico.Mexica may also refer to:*Mexica , a board game designed by Wolfgang Kramer and Michael Kiesling*Mexica , a 2005 novel by Norman Spinrad...
s, who lived there many years before the founding of Tenochtitlan.
With the arrival of the Spanish
Spanish people
The Spanish are citizens of the Kingdom of Spain. Within Spain, there are also a number of vigorous nationalisms and regionalisms, reflecting the country's complex history....
, in 1540, construction on the church and the convent of San Jeronimo began. In November 1810, Miguel Hidalgo
Miguel Hidalgo
Miguel Gregorio Antonio Ignacio Hidalgo y Costilla y Gallaga Mandarte Villaseñor , more commonly known as Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla or simply Miguel Hidalgo, was a Mexican priest and a leader of the Mexican War of Independence.In 1810 Hidalgo led a group of peasants in a revolt against the dominant...
and his contingent, who began the Mexican War of Independence
Mexican War of Independence
The Mexican War of Independence was an armed conflict between the people of Mexico and the Spanish colonial authorities which started on 16 September 1810. The movement, which became known as the Mexican War of Independence, was led by Mexican-born Spaniards, Mestizos and Amerindians who sought...
, arrived in the region. Aculco was also where insurgents, led by Don Miguel Hidalgo, lost a battle against the troops of Felix Ma. Calleja.
During the nineteenth century, the town hall and the first primary school in the region was constructed. Public baths and a municipal pool were also built.
Notable residents
- Lucas Magos Bárcenas y Cornejo
- Alfonso Díaz de la Vega
- Pablo de San Antonio Indio
- Juan García, Juan Nicolás
- Sotero González Mina
- Juan Maldonado Chemiso
- José Rafael
- José Trinidad
- Manuel Polo
- Abraham Alejandro Badillo Pérez
- Daniel Badillo Pérez
- Ernesto Badillo Pérez
- Ignacio Espinoza Martínez
Aculco
Aculco currently has a population of over 40,000 people. On February 19, 1825, it became a municipality. In 1914 and 1915, Aculco was the scene of clashes led by the revolutionaries’ carrancistas, villistas and Zapatistas.Geography
The municipality of Aculco has a geographical extent of 484.7 squared kilometers.That represent the 2.18% of the State. It is located in Mexico State.Aculco borders Polotitlán in the north, Querétaro in the south, and Acambay and Timilpan in the south. It is approximately 100 kilometers away from or over 1 hour from Toluca Toluca
Toluca
Toluca, formally known as Toluca de Lerdo, is the state capital of Mexico State as well as the seat of the Municipality of Toluca. It is the center of a rapidly growing urban area, now the fifth largest in Mexico. It is located west-southwest of Mexico City and only about 40 minutes by car to the...
.
Climate
Aculco has a relatively cool, humid climate, with rain in the summer. The annual average temperature is of 13.2°C, with the lowest temperature occurring in the winter. The rain season starts at the end of March or beginning of April and lasts until October or November.Demographics
According to INEGI, in 2005, Aculco has a population of over 40,000. The ethnic composition is mainly Otomi.Over 16,000 people in the region is illiterate.
Economy
The main economic activity of Aculco is the ranching of animals like pigs and sheep. The municipality's principal products include milkMilk
Milk is a white liquid produced by the mammary glands of mammals. It is the primary source of nutrition for young mammals before they are able to digest other types of food. Early-lactation milk contains colostrum, which carries the mother's antibodies to the baby and can reduce the risk of many...
, fur
Fur
Fur is a synonym for hair, used more in reference to non-human animals, usually mammals; particularly those with extensives body hair coverage. The term is sometimes used to refer to the body hair of an animal as a complete coat, also known as the "pelage". Fur is also used to refer to animal...
, wool
Wool
Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and certain other animals, including cashmere from goats, mohair from goats, qiviut from muskoxen, vicuña, alpaca, camel from animals in the camel family, and angora from rabbits....
and egg
Egg (food)
Eggs are laid by females of many different species, including birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish, and have probably been eaten by mankind for millennia. Bird and reptile eggs consist of a protective eggshell, albumen , and vitellus , contained within various thin membranes...
. Aculco's inner commerce principally occurs at the municipal market
Traditional fixed markets in Mexico
Traditional fixed markets in Mexico go by a variety of names such as "mercados públicos" , "mercados municipales" or even more often simply "mercados"...
, while its outer commerce is with Toluca
Toluca
Toluca, formally known as Toluca de Lerdo, is the state capital of Mexico State as well as the seat of the Municipality of Toluca. It is the center of a rapidly growing urban area, now the fifth largest in Mexico. It is located west-southwest of Mexico City and only about 40 minutes by car to the...
, Mexico City
Mexico City
Mexico City is the Federal District , capital of Mexico and seat of the federal powers of the Mexican Union. It is a federal entity within Mexico which is not part of any one of the 31 Mexican states but belongs to the federation as a whole...
and Querétaro
Querétaro
Querétaro officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Querétaro de Arteaga is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 18 municipalities and its capital city is Santiago de Querétaro....
.
Another major economic activity of Aculco is the exploitation of natural resources like sand, with quarries
Quarries
Quarries - The "Royal Quarries" — not found in Scripture — is the namegiven to the vast caverns stretching far underneath the northern hill, Bezetha, on which Jerusalem is built. Out of these mammoth caverns stones, a hard limestone, have been quarried in ancient times for the buildings in the...
present in the region.
Aculco is famous for the dairy products it produce. The municipality is also home to a metal structure manufacturing company.
Tourism
Aculco contains numerous geographic features suitable for tourism. Two cascades are located in the area: "Tixhiñu" and "la ConcepciónLa Concepción
La Concepción may refer to:* La Concepción, Veracruz * La Concepción, Masaya * La Concepción, Chiriquí * La Concepción, Zulia...
". Many rivers, including the Río Ñadó and Río Prieto also flow through the municipality.
In addition, Aculco is home to numerous historic sites, including the San Jerónimo and the "Garrido Varela" (a bullring
Bullring
A bullring is an arena where bullfighting is performed. Bullrings are often associated with Spain, but they can also be found in neighboring countries and the New World...
), as well as the former residence of Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla. Two busts are located in Aculco in the memory of Benito Juarez and Miguel Hidalgo.