Adam Gerard Mappa
Encyclopedia
Adam Gerard Mappa was a Dutch Patriot
and active colonel in a local militia
, (in Dutch exercitiegenootschap
). In 1794 he became the agent for the Holland Land Company
in New York (state) and three years later supervisor in the recently set up village of Barneveld.
of Utrecht. One of the people he cooperated with was Quint Ondaatje
. From the end of August 1787 under his leadership, the flying army was involved in removing all the Orangists
from the vroedschap
s in Delft, Gorkum, Montfoort
and Vlaardingen
. (The removals found places under the threat of a Prussian ultimatum and before the raid). The purge in Delft not only brought Wybo Fijnje
, the editor of a patriot newspaper and the auto-didact Gerrit Paape
to power in the city, but delivered to the Patriots one of the biggest arsenals and magazines in the Republic. His army went to defend to Woerden
in the east of Holland, but had no chance to win against 20.000 well trained Prussian soldiers. Mappa made a brave show of defending Naarden but once again with the peculiarly Dutch show for legality, receiving orders from the now counter-revolutionised States of Holland, capitulated on the 27th. On 9 October 1787, the patriots were forced to hand in its unit's weapons in Amsterdam and Mappa fled like so many others to northern France.
With a few friends, like Johan Valckenaer
and Herman Willem Daendels
he rented an uninhabited castle in Watten
. This community, grewing its own vegetables, playing biljart and discussing the revolution has been described by Gerrit Paape. On the eve of a condemnation, Antje Mappa-Paspoort (a great friend of Emilie Luzac
), travelled hurriedly and secretly to Delft, when her husband decided to emigrate to the US, and it is said on the advice of Thomas Jefferson
he took his printery with him.
On 1 December 1789, he arrived with his wife and children to New York and they were granted accommodation with John Adams
on Richmond Hill
. Mappa became the New York City's very first type-manufacturer (on 22 Greenwich Street, Manhattan
) but, even though he could produce Oriental letters, the business was not a success. In 1794, he took over from Gerrit Boon
an appointment as agent of the Holland Land Company
in Trenton
. His best friend François Adriaan van der Kemp
, Mappa called him once a heremite, came to live in the town's surroundings on a farm. Mappa had a new house, built around 1810 and paid by the Company, in the Georgian style
, and "Mappa Hall
" still exists. In 1818 he bought 34.000 unsold acres from the Holland Land Company. Mappa Hall was listed on the National Register of Historic Places
in 1982.
Mappa corresponded with Pieter Vreede
and Johan Luzac and at the end of his life he hit financial difficulties, not being able the pay his debts to the Holland Land Company.
Patriots (faction)
The Patriots were a political faction in the Dutch Republic in the second half of the 18th century. They were led by Joan van der Capellen tot den Pol, gaining power from November 1782....
and active colonel in a local militia
Militia
The term militia is commonly used today to refer to a military force composed of ordinary citizens to provide defense, emergency law enforcement, or paramilitary service, in times of emergency without being paid a regular salary or committed to a fixed term of service. It is a polyseme with...
, (in Dutch exercitiegenootschap
Exercitiegenootschap
An exercitiegenootschap or militia was a military organisation in the 18th century Netherlands, in the form of an armed private organization with a democratically chosen administration, aiming to train the citizens and the lower bourgeoisie in use of muskets...
). In 1794 he became the agent for the Holland Land Company
Holland Land Company
The Holland Land Company was a purchaser of the western two-thirds of the western New York land tract known as the Phelps and Gorham Purchase. This tract was known thereafter as The Holland Purchase...
in New York (state) and three years later supervisor in the recently set up village of Barneveld.
Life
Around 1786 Adam Gerard Mappa became the commander of a flying army unit, consisting of 300 men and 200 horses, that played a role in democratizing the vroedschapVroedschap
The vroedschap was the name for the city council in the early modern Netherlands; the member of such a council was called a vroedman, literally a "wise man"...
of Utrecht. One of the people he cooperated with was Quint Ondaatje
Quint Ondaatje
Pieter Philips Jurriaan Quint Ondaatje was a Dutch patriot and politician. He is called the champion of Dutch democracy.-Life:...
. From the end of August 1787 under his leadership, the flying army was involved in removing all the Orangists
Orangism (Netherlands)
Orangism is a monarchist political support for the House of Orange-Nassau as monarchy of the Netherlands. It played a significant role in the political history of the Netherlands since the Dutch revolt...
from the vroedschap
Vroedschap
The vroedschap was the name for the city council in the early modern Netherlands; the member of such a council was called a vroedman, literally a "wise man"...
s in Delft, Gorkum, Montfoort
Montfoort
Montfoort is a municipality and a town in the Netherlands, in the province of Utrecht. Montfoort received city rights in 1329.-Population centres :...
and Vlaardingen
Vlaardingen
Vlaardingen is a town in South Holland in the Netherlands. It is located on the north bank of the Nieuwe Maas/Nieuwe Waterweg river at the confluence with the Oude Maas...
. (The removals found places under the threat of a Prussian ultimatum and before the raid). The purge in Delft not only brought Wybo Fijnje
Wybo Fijnje
Wybo Fijnje was a Dutch Mennonite minister, publisher in Delft, Patriot, exile, coup perpetrator, politician and - during the French era - manager of the state newspaper.-Early life:...
, the editor of a patriot newspaper and the auto-didact Gerrit Paape
Gerrit Paape
Gerrit Paape Delft was a Dutch plateelschilder , poet, journalist, novelist, judge, columnist and ministerial civil servant.-Life:...
to power in the city, but delivered to the Patriots one of the biggest arsenals and magazines in the Republic. His army went to defend to Woerden
Woerden
Woerden is a municipality and a city in the central Netherlands. Due to its central location between Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht, and the fact that it has excellent rail and road connections to those cities, it is a popular town for commuters who work in those cities.-Population...
in the east of Holland, but had no chance to win against 20.000 well trained Prussian soldiers. Mappa made a brave show of defending Naarden but once again with the peculiarly Dutch show for legality, receiving orders from the now counter-revolutionised States of Holland, capitulated on the 27th. On 9 October 1787, the patriots were forced to hand in its unit's weapons in Amsterdam and Mappa fled like so many others to northern France.
With a few friends, like Johan Valckenaer
Johan Valckenaer
Johan Valckenaer was a Dutch lawyer, patriot and diplomat.- Life :His father Lodewijk Caspar Valckenaer was Franeker university's professor of law and, in 1766, was appointed to succeed Tiberius Hemsterhuis at Leiden...
and Herman Willem Daendels
Herman Willem Daendels
Herman Willem Daendels was a Dutch politician who served as the 36th Governor General of the Dutch East Indies between 1808 and 1811....
he rented an uninhabited castle in Watten
Watten, Nord
-Sights:The village is famous for its old ruined abbey, and for its mill, which was restored in the 1990s. These two buildings are located on the "Mountain of Watten" . Its church dates from the thirteenth century.-References:* *...
. This community, grewing its own vegetables, playing biljart and discussing the revolution has been described by Gerrit Paape. On the eve of a condemnation, Antje Mappa-Paspoort (a great friend of Emilie Luzac
Emilie Luzac
Emilie Luzac was the second daughter of Jean Luzac, book seller and publisher, and Anna Hillegonda Valckenaer...
), travelled hurriedly and secretly to Delft, when her husband decided to emigrate to the US, and it is said on the advice of Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson was the principal author of the United States Declaration of Independence and the Statute of Virginia for Religious Freedom , the third President of the United States and founder of the University of Virginia...
he took his printery with him.
On 1 December 1789, he arrived with his wife and children to New York and they were granted accommodation with John Adams
John Adams
John Adams was an American lawyer, statesman, diplomat and political theorist. A leading champion of independence in 1776, he was the second President of the United States...
on Richmond Hill
Richmond Hill (Manhattan)
Richmond Hill was a colonial estate in Manhattan, New York City, that was built on a parcel of the "King's Farm" obtained on a 99-year lease in 1767 from Trinity Church by Major Abraham Mortier, paymaster of the British army in the colony...
. Mappa became the New York City's very first type-manufacturer (on 22 Greenwich Street, Manhattan
Manhattan
Manhattan is the oldest and the most densely populated of the five boroughs of New York City. Located primarily on the island of Manhattan at the mouth of the Hudson River, the boundaries of the borough are identical to those of New York County, an original county of the state of New York...
) but, even though he could produce Oriental letters, the business was not a success. In 1794, he took over from Gerrit Boon
Gerrit Boon
Gerrit Boon was the son of a Lutheran minister Johan Michiel Boon. His father had studied in Helmstedt and moved in 1752 from Amersfoort to Delft and in 1774 to Rotterdam. Gerrit Boon became a sugar refinerer in the city, working for his brother-in-law...
an appointment as agent of the Holland Land Company
Holland Land Company
The Holland Land Company was a purchaser of the western two-thirds of the western New York land tract known as the Phelps and Gorham Purchase. This tract was known thereafter as The Holland Purchase...
in Trenton
Trenton, New York
----Trenton is a town in Oneida County, New York, United States. The population was 4,670 at the 2000 census. The town is reportedly named after Trenton, New Jersey.- History :...
. His best friend François Adriaan van der Kemp
François Adriaan van der Kemp
François Adriaan van der Kemp or Francis Adrian Vanderkemp was one of the Dutch radical leaders of the Patriots, a minister and publicist who gave the Patriot movement a Christian tint in his blazing speeches...
, Mappa called him once a heremite, came to live in the town's surroundings on a farm. Mappa had a new house, built around 1810 and paid by the Company, in the Georgian style
Georgian architecture
Georgian architecture is the name given in most English-speaking countries to the set of architectural styles current between 1720 and 1840. It is eponymous for the first four British monarchs of the House of Hanover—George I of Great Britain, George II of Great Britain, George III of the United...
, and "Mappa Hall
Mappa Hall
Mappa Hall is a historic home located at Barneveld in Oneida County, New York. It was built 1801-1809 and is a two story limestone structure in the Federal style. It features a projecting, three bay pavilion surmounted by a pediment with modillion cornice and a single story portico. It was the home...
" still exists. In 1818 he bought 34.000 unsold acres from the Holland Land Company. Mappa Hall was listed on the National Register of Historic Places
National Register of Historic Places
The National Register of Historic Places is the United States government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects deemed worthy of preservation...
in 1982.
Mappa corresponded with Pieter Vreede
Pieter Vreede
Pieter Vreede , was a Dutch politician of the Batavian Republic in the 18th century. Vreede was born in Leiden and died in Heusden. He was a prominent critic of stadholderian misrule and of the urban patriciate....
and Johan Luzac and at the end of his life he hit financial difficulties, not being able the pay his debts to the Holland Land Company.
External links
- http://www.library.rochester.edu/index.cfm?page=973