Adapazari
Encyclopedia
Adapazarı is a city in northwestern Turkey
and the capital of Sakarya Province
. The province itself was originally named Adapazarı as well. Adapazarı is a part of the densely populated region of the country, known as the Marmara Region
. As of 2010, the city has a population of 560,876 (metropolitan center)
ns, Bithynia
ns, Cimmerians
, Lydians
and Persians
, but Adapazarı got its identity from the Romans
and Byzantine
rulers. One of the most important remains of historical significance is the Justinianus Bridge built by Byzantine Emperor Justinian in 533 CE. Historically, it was situated on the old military road from Constantinople
(now Istanbul
) to the east, connected in Late Antiquity
by the important Sangarius Bridge
and, since the end of the 19th century, by a branch line with the Anatolia
n railway. A large part of the population is of Black Sea
ancestry, from cities like Trabzon
and Rize
. Hayhurum
had a significant presence in Adapazarı where there had been an Armenian community since 1608. The Greeks of Adapazarı were included in the 1923 agreement for the exchange of populations between Greece and Turkey, and were re-settled in various parts of Greece
. Cultural artifacts and objects belonging to this small community are displayed at the Benaki Museum
in Athens
.
(Köppen climate classification
Cfa), with considerable maritime
and continental
influences. Summers are hot and very humid, and the average maximum temperature is around 29°C in July and August, although temperatures do usually exceed 30°C in June, July, August and even September. Winters are cool and damp, and the lowest average minimum temperature is around 3°C in January. Precipitation is high and fairly evenly distributed the year round, and is heaviest in autumn, winter, spring.
Snow
fall is quite common between the months of December and March, snowing for a week or two, and it can be heavy once it snows.
factory owned by the Toyota Motor Corporation
, as well as the Hyundai EURotem
train factory. Also one of the biggest Turkish defense industry Tank Pallet 1st Main Maintanence of Turkish Defense has located in Sakarya. Other major industries in the city and its surrounding province
include the textile factories for silk
and linen
products. Agriculture and forestry also form an important part of the city's economy, with the production of tobacco
, walnut-wood
, cocoons and vegetables.
was founded as Sakarya Engineering and Architecture in 1970. It renamed as Sakarya State Engineering and Architecture Academy in 1971. It opened Master of Science and Doctorate of Philosophy (PhD) programs in 1980. The programs were executed by İTÜ (İstanbul Technical University
) Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences. It was bounded to İstanbul Technical University in 1982 as Sakarya Engineering Faculty in 1982. Finally It left from İTÜ and became Engineering Faculty of Sakarya University in 1992. Since there is a large student body of the university, the city of Sakarya is influenced by the university.
. Sakaryaspor has won the Turkish Cup
once and has played in the Turkcell Super League
for 11 seasons. They raised again to the Bank Asya 1.Lig this year, the second level in the Turkish Football pyramid
, as they beat Konya Torku Şekerspor, Bugsaşspor
and Bandırmaspor
consecutively in the play-off games of Spor Toto 2. Lig. Even though Sakaryaspor isn't always a permanent team in the Super League, they have raised many of Turkey's best players, such as Hakan Şükür
, Tuncay Şanlı
, Oğuz Çetin
, Aykut Kocaman
and many more.
Supersport World Champion Kenan Sofuoğlu
from the Sofuoğlu family
, and professional carom billiards player Semih Saygıner
are also two important sportsmen from Adapazarı.
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
and the capital of Sakarya Province
Sakarya Province
Sakarya Province is a province in Turkey, located on the coast of Black Sea. The river Sakarya creates a webbing of estuaries in the province....
. The province itself was originally named Adapazarı as well. Adapazarı is a part of the densely populated region of the country, known as the Marmara Region
Marmara Region
The Marmara Region , with a surface area of 67.000 km², is the smallest but most densely populated of the seven geographical regions of Turkey...
. As of 2010, the city has a population of 560,876 (metropolitan center)
History
History of Adapazarı dates back to 378 BC. Ancient settlers included PhrygiaPhrygia
In antiquity, Phrygia was a kingdom in the west central part of Anatolia, in what is now modern-day Turkey. The Phrygians initially lived in the southern Balkans; according to Herodotus, under the name of Bryges , changing it to Phruges after their final migration to Anatolia, via the...
ns, Bithynia
Bithynia
Bithynia was an ancient region, kingdom and Roman province in the northwest of Asia Minor, adjoining the Propontis, the Thracian Bosporus and the Euxine .-Description:...
ns, Cimmerians
Cimmerians
The Cimmerians or Kimmerians were ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin.According to the Greek historian Herodotus, of the 5th century BC, the Cimmerians inhabited the region north of the Caucasus and the Black Sea during the 8th and 7th centuries BC, in what is now Ukraine and Russia...
, Lydians
Lydians
The Lydians were the inhabitants of Lydia, a region in western Anatolia, who spoke the distinctive Lydian language, an Indo-European language of the Anatolian group....
and Persians
Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire , sometimes known as First Persian Empire and/or Persian Empire, was founded in the 6th century BCE by Cyrus the Great who overthrew the Median confederation...
, but Adapazarı got its identity from the Romans
Ancient Rome
Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....
and Byzantine
Byzantine
Byzantine usually refers to the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages.Byzantine may also refer to:* A citizen of the Byzantine Empire, or native Greek during the Middle Ages...
rulers. One of the most important remains of historical significance is the Justinianus Bridge built by Byzantine Emperor Justinian in 533 CE. Historically, it was situated on the old military road from Constantinople
Constantinople
Constantinople was the capital of the Roman, Eastern Roman, Byzantine, Latin, and Ottoman Empires. Throughout most of the Middle Ages, Constantinople was Europe's largest and wealthiest city.-Names:...
(now Istanbul
Istanbul
Istanbul , historically known as Byzantium and Constantinople , is the largest city of Turkey. Istanbul metropolitan province had 13.26 million people living in it as of December, 2010, which is 18% of Turkey's population and the 3rd largest metropolitan area in Europe after London and...
) to the east, connected in Late Antiquity
Late Antiquity
Late Antiquity is a periodization used by historians to describe the time of transition from Classical Antiquity to the Middle Ages, in both mainland Europe and the Mediterranean world. Precise boundaries for the period are a matter of debate, but noted historian of the period Peter Brown proposed...
by the important Sangarius Bridge
Sangarius Bridge
The Sangarius Bridge or Bridge of Justinian is a late Roman bridge over the river Sakarya in Anatolia, in modern-day Turkey. It was built by the East Roman Emperor Justinian I to improve communications between the capital Constantinople and the eastern provinces of his empire...
and, since the end of the 19th century, by a branch line with the Anatolia
Anatolia
Anatolia is a geographic and historical term denoting the westernmost protrusion of Asia, comprising the majority of the Republic of Turkey...
n railway. A large part of the population is of Black Sea
Black Sea
The Black Sea is bounded by Europe, Anatolia and the Caucasus and is ultimately connected to the Atlantic Ocean via the Mediterranean and the Aegean seas and various straits. The Bosphorus strait connects it to the Sea of Marmara, and the strait of the Dardanelles connects that sea to the Aegean...
ancestry, from cities like Trabzon
Trabzon
Trabzon is a city on the Black Sea coast of north-eastern Turkey and the capital of Trabzon Province. Trabzon, located on the historical Silk Road, became a melting pot of religions, languages and culture for centuries and a trade gateway to Iran in the southeast and the Caucasus to the northeast...
and Rize
Rize
Rize is the capital of Rize Province, in northeast Turkey, on the Black Sea coast.-Etymology:The name comes from Greek or Ριζαίον , meaning "mountain slopes". In modern times, its name in Greek was usually Ριζούντα . Its Latin forms are Rhizus and Rhizaeum...
. Hayhurum
Hayhurum
Hayhurum is the name given to Armenian-speaking Christians who are members of the Greek Orthodox Church. Their exact ethnicity was a source of debate. Some of these Armenian speakers, purportedly living in the vicinity of the town of Eğin till the 16th century, were of Orthodox faith...
had a significant presence in Adapazarı where there had been an Armenian community since 1608. The Greeks of Adapazarı were included in the 1923 agreement for the exchange of populations between Greece and Turkey, and were re-settled in various parts of Greece
Greece
Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
. Cultural artifacts and objects belonging to this small community are displayed at the Benaki Museum
Benaki Museum
The Benaki Museum, established and endowed in 1930 by Antonis Benakis in memory of his father Emmanuel Benakis, is housed in the Benakis family mansion in downtown Athens, Greece...
in Athens
Athens
Athens , is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, as its recorded history spans around 3,400 years. Classical Athens was a powerful city-state...
.
Climate
Adapazarı has a humid subtropical climateHumid subtropical climate
A humid subtropical climate is a climate zone characterized by hot, humid summers and mild to cool winters...
(Köppen climate classification
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Crimea German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936...
Cfa), with considerable maritime
Oceanic climate
An oceanic climate, also called marine west coast climate, maritime climate, Cascadian climate and British climate for Köppen climate classification Cfb and subtropical highland for Köppen Cfb or Cwb, is a type of climate typically found along the west coasts at the middle latitudes of some of the...
and continental
Humid continental climate
A humid continental climate is a climatic region typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot summers and cold winters....
influences. Summers are hot and very humid, and the average maximum temperature is around 29°C in July and August, although temperatures do usually exceed 30°C in June, July, August and even September. Winters are cool and damp, and the lowest average minimum temperature is around 3°C in January. Precipitation is high and fairly evenly distributed the year round, and is heaviest in autumn, winter, spring.
Snow
Snow
Snow is a form of precipitation within the Earth's atmosphere in the form of crystalline water ice, consisting of a multitude of snowflakes that fall from clouds. Since snow is composed of small ice particles, it is a granular material. It has an open and therefore soft structure, unless packed by...
fall is quite common between the months of December and March, snowing for a week or two, and it can be heavy once it snows.
Economy
Adapazarı is the location of a large automobileAutomobile
An automobile, autocar, motor car or car is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transporting passengers, which also carries its own engine or motor...
factory owned by the Toyota Motor Corporation
Toyota Motor Corporation
, , , commonly known simply as Toyota and abbreviated as TMC, is a multinational automaker headquartered in Toyota, Aichi, Japan. In 2010, Toyota Motor Corporation employed 317,734 people worldwide, and was the world's largest automobile manufacturer by production.The company was founded by...
, as well as the Hyundai EURotem
EUROTEM
EUROTEM, alternatively Hyundai EURotem, is a joint enterprise between Hyundai Rotem of South Korea and TÜVASAŞ of Turkey which was founded in 2006 and started production in December 2007....
train factory. Also one of the biggest Turkish defense industry Tank Pallet 1st Main Maintanence of Turkish Defense has located in Sakarya. Other major industries in the city and its surrounding province
Sakarya Province
Sakarya Province is a province in Turkey, located on the coast of Black Sea. The river Sakarya creates a webbing of estuaries in the province....
include the textile factories for silk
Silk
Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The best-known type of silk is obtained from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori reared in captivity...
and linen
Linen
Linen is a textile made from the fibers of the flax plant, Linum usitatissimum. Linen is labor-intensive to manufacture, but when it is made into garments, it is valued for its exceptional coolness and freshness in hot weather....
products. Agriculture and forestry also form an important part of the city's economy, with the production of tobacco
Tobacco
Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. It can be consumed, used as a pesticide and, in the form of nicotine tartrate, used in some medicines...
, walnut-wood
Walnut
Juglans is a plant genus of the family Juglandaceae, the seeds of which are known as walnuts. They are deciduous trees, 10–40 meters tall , with pinnate leaves 200–900 millimetres long , with 5–25 leaflets; the shoots have chambered pith, a character shared with the wingnuts , but not the hickories...
, cocoons and vegetables.
Education
Sakarya UniversitySakarya University
Sakarya University is located in Sakarya, Turkey. It is one of the most popular universities of Turkey. Since there is a large student body, the city of Sakarya is influenced by the university. It was founded as Sakarya Engineering and Architecture in 1970. It renamed as Sakarya State Engineering...
was founded as Sakarya Engineering and Architecture in 1970. It renamed as Sakarya State Engineering and Architecture Academy in 1971. It opened Master of Science and Doctorate of Philosophy (PhD) programs in 1980. The programs were executed by İTÜ (İstanbul Technical University
Istanbul Technical University
Istanbul Technical University is an international technical university located in Istanbul, Turkey. It is the world's third oldest technical university dedicated to engineering sciences as well as social sciences recently, and is one of the most prominent educational institutions in Turkey...
) Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences. It was bounded to İstanbul Technical University in 1982 as Sakarya Engineering Faculty in 1982. Finally It left from İTÜ and became Engineering Faculty of Sakarya University in 1992. Since there is a large student body of the university, the city of Sakarya is influenced by the university.
Sports
Adapazarı is home to SakaryasporSakaryaspor
Sakaryaspor is a Turkish football club, formed in 1965 after the merger Yıldırımspor, Idmanyurdu, Güneşspor and Ada Gençlik....
. Sakaryaspor has won the Turkish Cup
Fortis Turkey Cup
The Turkish Cup is a football cup competition in Turkish football, run by the Turkish Football Federation since 1962. Its current sponsored name is the Ziraat Türkiye Kupası....
once and has played in the Turkcell Super League
Turkcell Super League
The Süper Lig is a Turkish professional league for association football clubs. It is the top-flight of the Turkish football league system. It is one of the top leagues in the UEFA confederation and the winner of the competition automatically qualifies for the UEFA Champions League...
for 11 seasons. They raised again to the Bank Asya 1.Lig this year, the second level in the Turkish Football pyramid
Football in Turkey
Association football is a national sport in Turkey, tracing its roots back to the Ottoman Empire. The first matches were played in Selanik, now known as Thessaloníki, in 1875. The sport was brought over by some lovely English people living in the area. The Turkish football league system currently...
, as they beat Konya Torku Şekerspor, Bugsaşspor
Bugsasspor
Bugsaş S.K. is a sports club in located in Sincan, the outer borough of Ankara, Turkey. The football club currently plays in the TFF Second League.- History :...
and Bandırmaspor
Bandırmaspor
Bandırmaspor is a professional Turkish football club located in the city of Balıkesir....
consecutively in the play-off games of Spor Toto 2. Lig. Even though Sakaryaspor isn't always a permanent team in the Super League, they have raised many of Turkey's best players, such as Hakan Şükür
Hakan Sükür
Hakan Şükür is a retired Turkish footballer who played as a striker. He spent the majority of his professional career with Galatasaray, being a three-time Gol Kralı , representing the club in three different spells and winning a total of 14 major titles.Şükür represented Turkey a...
, Tuncay Şanlı
Tuncay Sanli
Tuncay Şanlı , or simply Tuncay, is a Turkish footballer who plays for Bolton Wanderers, on loan from VfL Wolfsburg.His natural position is as a striker, but he can also play as an attacking midfielder or on either wing. Tuncay captains the Turkish national team...
, Oğuz Çetin
Oguz Çetin
Oğuz Çetin was a well-known football player in the Turkish Premier Super League.-Career:Born in Adapazarı, Çetin began playing football with local side Sakaryaspor. He started to play regularly for Fenerbahçe in 1988. He became one of the franchise players for Fenerbahçe and Turkish football...
, Aykut Kocaman
Aykut Kocaman
Aykut Kocaman is a former Turkish footballer in the striker position and current manager of Fenerbahçe. He is the first person in the club's history to have won the Süper Lig in his playing and managerial career...
and many more.
Supersport World Champion Kenan Sofuoğlu
Kenan Sofuoglu
Kenan Sofuoğlu is a Turkish professional motorcycle racer. He currently competes in Moto2 for the Technomag-CIP team, having made his debut at the end of and will remain with the team for the season...
from the Sofuoğlu family
Sofuoglu family
The three brothers Bahattin, Sinan and Kenan Sofuoğlu have been some of the most successful Turkish motorcycle racers. Their father Irfan Basri Sofuoğlu, a motorcycle enthusiast since 1965, ran a motorcycle repair shop in the Kuzuluk town of Akyazı district in the Sakarya Province. The family moved...
, and professional carom billiards player Semih Saygıner
Semih Sayginer
Semih Saygıner nicknamed Mr. Magic and the Turkish Prince, is a Turkish professional carom billiards player....
are also two important sportsmen from Adapazarı.
People
- Kriton IlyadisKriton IlyadisKriton Ilyadis was a Turkish cinematographer of Greek origin.He was responsible for the cinematography of 115 films between 1944 and 1973.-External links:...
(1916–1980) - Cinematographer - Udi Hrant KenkulianUdi Hrant KenkulianUdi Hrant Kenkulian , often referred to as Udi Hrant or as Hrant Emre was an oud player of Turkish classical music, and a key transitional figure in its transformation into a contemporary popular music...
- OudOudThe oud is a pear-shaped stringed instrument commonly used in North African and Middle Eastern music. The modern oud and the European lute both descend from a common ancestor via diverging paths...
Player - Sait Faik AbasıyanıkSait Faik AbasiyanikSait Faik Abasıyanık was one of the greatest Turkish writers of short stories and poetry. Born in Adapazarı, he was educated at the Bursa Erkek Lisesi. He enrolled in the Turcology Department of Istanbul University in 1928, but under pressure from his father went to Switzerland to study economics...
- Writer, Poet - Tuncay ŞanlıTuncay SanliTuncay Şanlı , or simply Tuncay, is a Turkish footballer who plays for Bolton Wanderers, on loan from VfL Wolfsburg.His natural position is as a striker, but he can also play as an attacking midfielder or on either wing. Tuncay captains the Turkish national team...
- Bolton WanderersBolton Wanderers F.C.Bolton Wanderers Football Club is an English professional association football club based in the area of Horwich in the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton, Greater Manchester. They began their current spell in the Premier League in 2001....
and Turkey football player. - Hakan ŞükürHakan SükürHakan Şükür is a retired Turkish footballer who played as a striker. He spent the majority of his professional career with Galatasaray, being a three-time Gol Kralı , representing the club in three different spells and winning a total of 14 major titles.Şükür represented Turkey a...
- Former football player - Semih SaygınerSemih SayginerSemih Saygıner nicknamed Mr. Magic and the Turkish Prince, is a Turkish professional carom billiards player....
- Professional Carom billiards champion.
Sister Cities
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|---|---|---|
| Delft Delft Delft is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland , the Netherlands. It is located between Rotterdam and The Hague.... |
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|
| Shumen Shumen Shumen is the tenth-largest city in Bulgaria and capital of Shumen Province. In the period 1950–1965 it was called Kolarovgrad, after the name of the communist leader Vasil Kolarov... |
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