Adriaen Hanneman
Encyclopedia
Adriaen Hanneman was a Dutch Golden Age
painter best-known today for his portraits of the exiled British royal court. His style was strongly influenced by his contemporary, Anthony Van Dyck
.
, Cornelis Janssens van Ceulen, and Daniel Mytens. He enjoyed the patronage of Constantijn Huygens
, who introduced him at court. He returned to the Hague, where he married the daughter of his old drawing teacher, Maria van Ravesteyn, in 1640. In 1645 he became deacon of the Guild of St. Luke. In 1656 he was one of the dissenters who split off into the Confrerie Pictura
, which he headed the first period. In 1666 he was awarded a silver goblet for his years of service to this group. After his first wife died, he married a second time to Alida Bezemer in 1669. His pupils were Jeremias van der Eyden, Reinier de la Haye, Marcus van der Linde, Gijsbert van Lybergen, Simon du Parcq, Bernardus van der Vechte, Jan Jansz. Westerbaen (II), and Cornelis Wildt. He influenced the painter Govert Flinck
.
Like so many other Catholic painters, he fell on hard times soon after this as the Rampjaar
approached. Records show him selling possessions again and again in 1670, and the next year he died in The Hague, leaving all of his drawings and engravings to his student Simon du Parcq. Though he had been a highly respected and successful man, his entire estate only brought 1,000 guilders.
In about 1639, soon after returning from England, He painted a portrait of the Dutch scientist Christiaan Huygens (1629–1695), a contemporary of Isaac Newton, who discovered the wave theory of light, Saturn's rings, and the pendulum clock.
In about 1648, he painted Charles, the Prince of Wales, later Charles II of England
, when he was in the Hague staying with his sister. The original painting is lost, but about thirty copies were made, and are found in different museums, including the Ashmolean Museum at Oxford.
In about 1654, he painted the four-year old William III
, Prince of Orange, wearing the sash of the Order of the Garter. (now in the Rijksmuseum
in Amsterdam.)
In about 1664 he painted Maria I Stuart
(1631–1660,) the wife of Prince William II
. The painting was made several years after her death, at the request of her son, Willem III. Mary is painted wearing a South American cloak of colored feathers, and a headress of pearls and ostrich feathers. Such cloaks had been brought to the Netherlands from Brazil as early as 1644. (now in the Mauritshuis
in the Netherlands).
Dutch Golden Age
The Golden Age was a period in Dutch history, roughly spanning the 17th century, in which Dutch trade, science, military and art were among the most acclaimed in the world. The first half is characterised by the Eighty Years' War till 1648...
painter best-known today for his portraits of the exiled British royal court. His style was strongly influenced by his contemporary, Anthony Van Dyck
Anthony van Dyck
Sir Anthony van Dyck was a Flemish Baroque artist who became the leading court painter in England. He is most famous for his portraits of Charles I of England and his family and court, painted with a relaxed elegance that was to be the dominant influence on English portrait-painting for the next...
.
Biography
He was born into a wealthy Catholic patrician family in the Hague, and studied drawing with Hague portrait artist Jan Antonisz. van Ravesteyn. He left for England in 1623 where he lived for 16 years. There he met and was influenced by Anthony Van DyckAnthony van Dyck
Sir Anthony van Dyck was a Flemish Baroque artist who became the leading court painter in England. He is most famous for his portraits of Charles I of England and his family and court, painted with a relaxed elegance that was to be the dominant influence on English portrait-painting for the next...
, Cornelis Janssens van Ceulen, and Daniel Mytens. He enjoyed the patronage of Constantijn Huygens
Constantijn Huygens
Constantijn Huygens , was a Dutch Golden Age poet and composer. He was secretary to two Princes of Orange: Frederick Henry and William II, and the father of the scientist Christiaan Huygens.-Biography:...
, who introduced him at court. He returned to the Hague, where he married the daughter of his old drawing teacher, Maria van Ravesteyn, in 1640. In 1645 he became deacon of the Guild of St. Luke. In 1656 he was one of the dissenters who split off into the Confrerie Pictura
Confrerie Pictura
The Confrerie Pictura was a more or less academic club of artists founded in 1656 in The Hague, by local art painters, who were unsatisfied by the Guild of Saint Luke there.-History:The guild of St...
, which he headed the first period. In 1666 he was awarded a silver goblet for his years of service to this group. After his first wife died, he married a second time to Alida Bezemer in 1669. His pupils were Jeremias van der Eyden, Reinier de la Haye, Marcus van der Linde, Gijsbert van Lybergen, Simon du Parcq, Bernardus van der Vechte, Jan Jansz. Westerbaen (II), and Cornelis Wildt. He influenced the painter Govert Flinck
Govert Flinck
Govert Teuniszoon Flinck was a Dutch painter of the Dutch Golden Age.-Life:Born at Kleve, he was apprenticed by his father to a silk mercer, but having secretly acquired a passion for drawing, was sent to Leeuwarden, where he boarded in the house of Lambert Jacobszoon, a Mennonite, better known...
.
Like so many other Catholic painters, he fell on hard times soon after this as the Rampjaar
Rampjaar
The rampjaar was the year 1672 in Dutch history. In that year,the Republic of the Seven United Provinces was after the outbreak of the Franco-Dutch War and the Third Anglo-Dutch War attacked by England, France, and the prince-electors Bernhard von Galen, bishop of Münster and Maximilian Henry of...
approached. Records show him selling possessions again and again in 1670, and the next year he died in The Hague, leaving all of his drawings and engravings to his student Simon du Parcq. Though he had been a highly respected and successful man, his entire estate only brought 1,000 guilders.
Hanneman's Portraits
Hanneman is best known for court portraits of the British and Dutch nobility, usually painted in imitation of the style of Anthony Van Dyke. According to some sources, he may have worked in the studio of Van Dyke in London. Later, in the Hague, he painted several English Royalists who had gone into exile in the Netherlands after the English Civil War.In about 1639, soon after returning from England, He painted a portrait of the Dutch scientist Christiaan Huygens (1629–1695), a contemporary of Isaac Newton, who discovered the wave theory of light, Saturn's rings, and the pendulum clock.
In about 1648, he painted Charles, the Prince of Wales, later Charles II of England
Charles II of England
Charles II was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland.Charles II's father, King Charles I, was executed at Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War...
, when he was in the Hague staying with his sister. The original painting is lost, but about thirty copies were made, and are found in different museums, including the Ashmolean Museum at Oxford.
In about 1654, he painted the four-year old William III
William III of England
William III & II was a sovereign Prince of Orange of the House of Orange-Nassau by birth. From 1672 he governed as Stadtholder William III of Orange over Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel of the Dutch Republic. From 1689 he reigned as William III over England and Ireland...
, Prince of Orange, wearing the sash of the Order of the Garter. (now in the Rijksmuseum
Rijksmuseum
The Rijksmuseum Amsterdam or simply Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum in Amsterdam, located on the Museumplein. The museum is dedicated to arts, crafts, and history. It has a large collection of paintings from the Dutch Golden Age and a substantial collection of Asian art...
in Amsterdam.)
In about 1664 he painted Maria I Stuart
Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange
Mary, Princess Royal, Princess of Orange and Countess of Nassau was the eldest daughter of King Charles I of England, Scotland, and Ireland and his queen, Henrietta Maria of France...
(1631–1660,) the wife of Prince William II
William II, Prince of Orange
William II, Prince of Orange was sovereign Prince of Orange and stadtholder of the United Provinces of the Netherlands from 14 March 1647 until his death three years later.-Biography:...
. The painting was made several years after her death, at the request of her son, Willem III. Mary is painted wearing a South American cloak of colored feathers, and a headress of pearls and ostrich feathers. Such cloaks had been brought to the Netherlands from Brazil as early as 1644. (now in the Mauritshuis
Mauritshuis
The Royal Picture Gallery Mauritshuis is an art museum in The Hague, the Netherlands. Previously the residence of count John Maurice of Nassau, it now has a large art collection, including paintings by Dutch painters such as Johannes Vermeer, Rembrandt van Rijn, Jan Steen, Paulus Potter and Frans...
in the Netherlands).
Paintings by Hanneman in Public Museums
- Portrait of a Woman, Metropolitan Museum of ArtMetropolitan Museum of ArtThe Metropolitan Museum of Art is a renowned art museum in New York City. Its permanent collection contains more than two million works, divided into nineteen curatorial departments. The main building, located on the eastern edge of Central Park along Manhattan's Museum Mile, is one of the...
, New York. - Portrait of a Woman, (1653), Pushkin MuseumPushkin MuseumThe Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts is the largest museum of European art in Moscow, located in Volkhonka street, just opposite the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour....
of Fine Arts, Moscow - Henry, Duke of Gloucester (c. 1653) National Gallery of ArtNational Gallery of ArtThe National Gallery of Art and its Sculpture Garden is a national art museum, located on the National Mall between 3rd and 9th Streets at Constitution Avenue NW, in Washington, DC...
, Washington D.C. - Prince William III (1654), RijksmuseumRijksmuseumThe Rijksmuseum Amsterdam or simply Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum in Amsterdam, located on the Museumplein. The museum is dedicated to arts, crafts, and history. It has a large collection of paintings from the Dutch Golden Age and a substantial collection of Asian art...
, Amsterdam. - Posthumous Portrait of Mary I Stuart with a Servant, MauritshuisMauritshuisThe Royal Picture Gallery Mauritshuis is an art museum in The Hague, the Netherlands. Previously the residence of count John Maurice of Nassau, it now has a large art collection, including paintings by Dutch painters such as Johannes Vermeer, Rembrandt van Rijn, Jan Steen, Paulus Potter and Frans...
Museum. - Portrait of Lady Lucy Percy, Minneapolis Institute of the Arts.
- William Hamilton, Second Duke of Hamilton, National Portrait Gallery, London.
- Charles II as Prince of Wales, (Copies of lost original), Ashmolean MuseumAshmolean MuseumThe Ashmolean Museum on Beaumont Street, Oxford, England, is the world's first university museum...
, Oxford and National Portrait Gallery, London. - "Two Boys and a Bubble" The Norton Museum of Art in West Palm Beach Florida
External sources
- National Gallery of ArtNational Gallery of ArtThe National Gallery of Art and its Sculpture Garden is a national art museum, located on the National Mall between 3rd and 9th Streets at Constitution Avenue NW, in Washington, DC...
- Metropolitan Museum of ArtMetropolitan Museum of ArtThe Metropolitan Museum of Art is a renowned art museum in New York City. Its permanent collection contains more than two million works, divided into nineteen curatorial departments. The main building, located on the eastern edge of Central Park along Manhattan's Museum Mile, is one of the...
- National Portrait Gallery