Advance (1872)
Encyclopedia
The Advance was a wooden top sail schooner built in 1872 at Terrigal, that was wrecked when it missed stays whilst carrying ballast (vessel was used in the lime trade) between Botany Bay
Botany Bay
Botany Bay is a bay in Sydney, New South Wales, a few kilometres south of the Sydney central business district. The Cooks River and the Georges River are the two major tributaries that flow into the bay...
and Port Stephens
Port Stephens
Port Stephens is a large natural harbour located about north-east of Sydney in New South Wales, Australia. It lies wholly within the Port Stephens Local Government Area although its northern shoreline forms the boundary between the Port Stephens and Great Lakes LGAs...
and was lost at Henry Head Bight, Botany Bay
Botany Bay
Botany Bay is a bay in Sydney, New South Wales, a few kilometres south of the Sydney central business district. The Cooks River and the Georges River are the two major tributaries that flow into the bay...
, New South Wales
New South Wales
New South Wales is a state of :Australia, located in the east of the country. It is bordered by Queensland, Victoria and South Australia to the north, south and west respectively. To the east, the state is bordered by the Tasman Sea, which forms part of the Pacific Ocean. New South Wales...
on 11 February 1884
Ship description and construction
The Advance was a wooden vessel- Length, 63 in 4 in (19.3 m)
- Breadth, 17 in 0 in (5.18 m)
- Depth, 5 in 6 in (1.68 m)
She was rigged as a fore and aft
Fore-and-aft rig
A fore-and-aft rig is a sailing rig consisting mainly of sails that are set along the line of the keel rather than perpendicular to it. Such sails are described as fore-and-aft rigged....
schooner
Schooner
A schooner is a type of sailing vessel characterized by the use of fore-and-aft sails on two or more masts with the forward mast being no taller than the rear masts....
, built by Mr Thomas Davis at his yard at Terrigal in 1872.
Ship service history
The Advance was originally employed between the Tweed RiverTweed River (New South Wales)
The Tweed River is a short river in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Australia. Its drainage basin consists mostly of the erosion caldera of the Tweed Volcano, a huge extinct volcano of which Mount Warning is the volcanic plug...
and Sydney
Sydney
Sydney is the most populous city in Australia and the state capital of New South Wales. Sydney is located on Australia's south-east coast of the Tasman Sea. As of June 2010, the greater metropolitan area had an approximate population of 4.6 million people...
but when she was purchased by Messrs, David Cairncross and William Rooke, she was placed in the trade between Port Stephens
Port Stephens
Port Stephens is a large natural harbour located about north-east of Sydney in New South Wales, Australia. It lies wholly within the Port Stephens Local Government Area although its northern shoreline forms the boundary between the Port Stephens and Great Lakes LGAs...
and Botany Bay
Botany Bay
Botany Bay is a bay in Sydney, New South Wales, a few kilometres south of the Sydney central business district. The Cooks River and the Georges River are the two major tributaries that flow into the bay...
carrying shells for lime burning purposes in which she remained till she has wrecked.
In July 1877 one of the crewman of the Advance died on board the vessel.
The cause of the death of Alexander M'Lean, a seaman of the schooner Advance, on board that vessel. John Smith, master of the schooner, deposed that she lay at the Victoria Wharf, Darling Harbour. The deceased was about 55 years of age, a native of Scotland, and believed unmarried, he had been employed on board the Advance for about eight months. John Smith saw him alive about a quarter to 4 o'clock on Saturday afternoon, the crew of the schooner consisted of about four men in all and she had been recently infested with rats, Smith adopted the following plan to get rid of them on the afternoon of Saturday, John Smith lit a fire in the hold, and threw on it charcoal and sulphur, and battened down the hatches with the view of preventing the escape of fumes, and then directed the crew to go on shore and not to come onboard till between 10 and 11 o'clock on Sunday forenoon, when they were to open the hatches. John Smith did not give any special caution about not going down after taking off the hatches; there might have been about three parts of a bucket of charcoal and a quarter of a pound of sulphur; on Sunday afternoon be heard that M'Lean was lying dead on board the schooner.
Jeremiah O’Connell, Cook on board the schooner, deposed that he last saw deceased alive about 4 o'clock on Saturday afternoon at the Victoria Wharf, he was then sober. O’Connell left the Advance about 6 o'clock in company with the mate, and returned about half past 12 on Sunday afternoon alone. He went forward and saw that the scuttle leading to the forecastle, and which was closed when he left, was open ; the other hatches were still closed; he looked into the forecastle and saw the deceased sitting on a seat with his body bent forward and his head resting on the opposite seat there was a smell of charcoal coming up out of the scuttle, he thought deceased was drunk, he spoke to him, but got not reply he shook him, but could not awake him, and found that he was dead.
Shipwreck event
The particulars of the wreck are related by one of the crew:
The Advance in ballastSailing ballastBallast is used in sailboats to provide moment to resist the lateral forces on the sail. Insufficiently ballasted boats will tend to tip, or heel, excessively in high winds. Too much heel may result in the boat capsizing. If a sailing vessel should need to voyage without cargo then ballast of...
got underway for Port Stephens at about 7 o’clock yesterday (Monday) morning, from the Government wharf, Botany Bay there was a light breeze from the SE at the time, but the weather was overcast, and the wind gradually freshened till, about three quarters of an hour afterwards, it was blowing a strong gale. We attempted to beat out, and made one board across from the south side of the bay, near Captain Cook's monumentKurnell, New South WalesKurnell is a suburb in southern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Kurnell is located south of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the Sutherland Shire....
towards La Perouse As we proceeded it was thought that she would be able to get right out, but when nearing La PerouseLa Perouse, New South WalesLapérouse is a suburb in south-eastern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The suburb of Lapérouse is located about 14 kilometres south-east of the Sydney central business district, in the City of Randwick....
the wind headed us veering more to the eastward, and we had to go around in an attempting, to do so the vessel missed stays. We filled on her, as there was no room to wearJibeA jibe or gybe is a sailing maneuver where a sailing vessel turns its stern through the wind, such that the wind direction changes from one side of the boat to the other...
we made another attempt to stay her She would not stay, however, and the anchor was accordingly let go, which brought her up A kedge was then run out to try and heave her off and when we got to work the vessel was gradually being dragged off when the line unfortunately gave way. All this time the schooner was hanging by the anchor, with her stern just clear of the rocks, and the surf was beginning to break in heavily. Just after the kedge line parted, the pawls of the windlass gave way, and then, nothing holding her she headed right round for the rocks, upon which she was dashed very shortly afterwards We had just enough time to snatch up some of our clothes, get into the boat, which was alongside and pull away. We pulled out Into the bay, and the schooner Harold bound from Wollongong to the waterworks with a cargo of coal coming up at the time we got on board of her and were all landed safely at the Waterworks, whence we came on to Sydney
In the afternoon all that could be seen of the Advance was about 12 feet of her waist.
After investigation by the Marine Board of the master of the Advance, J. E. Delany, it was found that there was nothing in the evidence upon which the Marine Board could find a charge of default and they considered that the schooner was lost in consequence of her missing stays, and parting her anchor.
Wreck site and wreckage
From contemporary newspaper reports the location of the wreck was described as:
The scene of the wreck is called Henry HeadHenry Head BatteryThe Henry Head Battery is an artillery battery located on the northern side of the entrance to Botany Bay at Henry Head, La Perouse, New South Wales, Australia.-History:...
Bight where several other vessels have come to grief, notably the Sea Breeze the spot where she went ashore being not more 10 in 20 yards from that where the Advance met her fate. It is middle of the North Head of Botany Bay, and about half a mile from La Perouse The surf breaks in with great violence during SE gales into the bight and as the water is full of jagged rocks for some. distance from the base of the almost perpendicular cliffs, which rise to some height, it can well be Imagined that the crew of a vessel going ashore here in very heavy weather would have but little chance of saving their lives
Online databases
- Australian National Shipwreck DatabaseAustralian National Shipwreck DatabaseThe Australian National Shipwreck Database is an online, searchable database of over 7,000 known shipwrecks around the coast of Australia. Originally developed by the Australasian Institute of Maritime Archaeology, it is now maintained by the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the...
http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/heritage/nsd/nsd_list.pl - Australian Shipping – Arrivals and Departures 1788–1968 including shipwrecks http://www.ozships.net/ozships/
- Encyclopedia of Australian Shipwrecks - New South Wales Shipwrecks http://oceans1.customer.netspace.net.au/nsw-main.html
Books
- Wrecks on the New South Wales Coast. By Loney, J. K. (Jack Kenneth)Jack LoneyJack Kenneth Loney was an amateur marine historian who published over one hundred books and numerous newspaper and magazine articles. He was a schoolteacher and principal until his retirement...
, 1925–1995 Oceans Enterprises. 1993 ISBN 9780646110813. - Australian Shipwrecks - vol1 1622–1850, Charles BatesonCharles BatesonCharles Bateson was a maritime historian, journalist and author.Charles Henry Bateson was born in Wellington, New Zealand and migrated to Australia in 1922. He worked as a journalist for many Australian papers and also worked for the Department of the Interior during World War II...
, AH and AW Reed, Sydney, 1972, ISBN 0-589-07112-2 910.4530994 BAT - Australian shipwrecks Vol. 2 1851–1871 By Loney, J. K. (Jack Kenneth)Jack LoneyJack Kenneth Loney was an amateur marine historian who published over one hundred books and numerous newspaper and magazine articles. He was a schoolteacher and principal until his retirement...
, 1925–1995. Sydney. Reed, 1980 910.4530994 LON - Australian shipwrecks Vol. 3 1871–1900 By Loney, J. K. (Jack Kenneth)Jack LoneyJack Kenneth Loney was an amateur marine historian who published over one hundred books and numerous newspaper and magazine articles. He was a schoolteacher and principal until his retirement...
, 1925–1995. Geelong Vic: List Publishing, 1982 910.4530994 LON - Australian shipwrecks Vol. 4 1901–1986 By Loney, J. K. (Jack Kenneth)Jack LoneyJack Kenneth Loney was an amateur marine historian who published over one hundred books and numerous newspaper and magazine articles. He was a schoolteacher and principal until his retirement...
, 1925–1995. Portarlington Vic. Marine History Publications, 1987 910.4530994 LON - Australian shipwrecks Vol. 5 Update 1986 By Loney, J. K. (Jack Kenneth)Jack LoneyJack Kenneth Loney was an amateur marine historian who published over one hundred books and numerous newspaper and magazine articles. He was a schoolteacher and principal until his retirement...
, 1925–1995. Portarlington Vic. Marine History Publications, 1991 910.4530994 LON