African nationalism
Encyclopedia
African nationalism is the nationalist political movement for one unified Africa
, or the less significant objective of the acknowledgment of African tribe
s by instituting their own states, as well as the safeguarding of their indigenous customs. Establishments which championed the cause included the Aborigines' Rights Protection Society
in the Gold Coast
(founded 1897), the African National Congress
in South Africa
(1912) and the National Congress of West Africa (1920).
When the liberated slaves and other progenies of the African-American populace commenced their homecoming to the African continent, principally in the western part, many overseas-directed churches were deserted by a large amount of Africans, and, in their stead, self-sufficient and self-governing churches of the Africans’ own were set up. These often involved themselves in the battle against colonialism
.
By the time of World War II, almost every nation in Africa had his own pro-autonomy factions, initiating the period of Decolonization
. The National Congress of British West Africa was one such organization. The Atlantic Charter
, from 1941, and the critical approach to colonialism by the USSR and USA served only to fortify the expanding dogma.
In the years following World War II, African nationalism gained strength through support from Kwame Nkrumah
of Ghana
and Nelson Mandela
of South Africa
.
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
, or the less significant objective of the acknowledgment of African tribe
Tribe
A tribe, viewed historically or developmentally, consists of a social group existing before the development of, or outside of, states.Many anthropologists use the term tribal society to refer to societies organized largely on the basis of kinship, especially corporate descent groups .Some theorists...
s by instituting their own states, as well as the safeguarding of their indigenous customs. Establishments which championed the cause included the Aborigines' Rights Protection Society
Aborigines' Rights Protection Society
The Gold Coast Aborigines' Rights Protection Society was an association critical of colonial rule, formed in 1897 in the Gold Coast, as Ghana was known....
in the Gold Coast
Gold Coast (British colony)
The Gold Coast was a British colony on the Gulf of Guinea in west Africa that became the independent nation of Ghana in 1957.-Overview:The first Europeans to arrive at the coast were the Portuguese in 1471. They encountered a variety of African kingdoms, some of which controlled substantial...
(founded 1897), the African National Congress
African National Congress
The African National Congress is South Africa's governing Africanist political party, supported by its tripartite alliance with the Congress of South African Trade Unions and the South African Communist Party , since the establishment of non-racial democracy in April 1994. It defines itself as a...
in South Africa
South Africa
The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
(1912) and the National Congress of West Africa (1920).
When the liberated slaves and other progenies of the African-American populace commenced their homecoming to the African continent, principally in the western part, many overseas-directed churches were deserted by a large amount of Africans, and, in their stead, self-sufficient and self-governing churches of the Africans’ own were set up. These often involved themselves in the battle against colonialism
Colonialism
Colonialism is the establishment, maintenance, acquisition and expansion of colonies in one territory by people from another territory. It is a process whereby the metropole claims sovereignty over the colony and the social structure, government, and economics of the colony are changed by...
.
By the time of World War II, almost every nation in Africa had his own pro-autonomy factions, initiating the period of Decolonization
Decolonization
Decolonization refers to the undoing of colonialism, the unequal relation of polities whereby one people or nation establishes and maintains dependent Territory over another...
. The National Congress of British West Africa was one such organization. The Atlantic Charter
Atlantic Charter
The Atlantic Charter was a pivotal policy statement first issued in August 1941 that early in World War II defined the Allied goals for the post-war world. It was drafted by Britain and the United States, and later agreed to by all the Allies...
, from 1941, and the critical approach to colonialism by the USSR and USA served only to fortify the expanding dogma.
In the years following World War II, African nationalism gained strength through support from Kwame Nkrumah
Kwame Nkrumah
Kwame Nkrumah was the leader of Ghana and its predecessor state, the Gold Coast, from 1952 to 1966. Overseeing the nation's independence from British colonial rule in 1957, Nkrumah was the first President of Ghana and the first Prime Minister of Ghana...
of Ghana
Ghana
Ghana , officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country located in West Africa. It is bordered by Côte d'Ivoire to the west, Burkina Faso to the north, Togo to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea to the south...
and Nelson Mandela
Nelson Mandela
Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999, and was the first South African president to be elected in a fully representative democratic election. Before his presidency, Mandela was an anti-apartheid activist, and the leader of Umkhonto we Sizwe, the armed wing...
of South Africa
South Africa
The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
.
See also
- Pan-AfricanismPan-AfricanismPan-Africanism is a movement that seeks to unify African people or people living in Africa, into a "one African community". Differing types of Pan-Africanism seek different levels of economic, racial, social, or political unity...
- The African UnionAfrican UnionThe African Union is a union consisting of 54 African states. The only all-African state not in the AU is Morocco. Established on 9 July 2002, the AU was formed as a successor to the Organisation of African Unity...
- Post-colonialism