Al-khasawneh
Encyclopedia
Al-Khasawneh or Khasawneh (Arabic: الخصاونه) (other transliterations include Khassawneh, khassaweneh, Khasawinah, Khassawnih, Khasawnih, Khasawineh, Khassawineh, Khassawneh, Khasawne, Khasawna, and Khasawnah all of which may also be preceded by 'Al' or 'El'), is a prominent Arab Muslim
clan descending from the noble family of Imam
Ja'far al-Sadiq
and Imam Husayn ibn Ali
.
, Northern Jordan was a sanjak (administrative division) of the town of Ajloun
. The Al-Khasawneh appeared in the second part of the 16th century in Ein Al-Sharah in the mountainous part of Ajloun where they were engaged in constant clashes with bedouin
tribes and other local forces before becoming a dominant group in the area known as Al-Asar district (nahiyah, Ajloun). An Ottoman document of 1757 records that their sheikh Musa Al-Hamad was the sheikh of the Banu Obaid group and responsible for contributing to the protection of the annual pilgrimage caravan or hajj
to Mecca
– a highly lucrative and sought after office. Later on, this part of Al-Asar district was renamed the Banu Obaid district in a classic case of a newcomer group giving their own name to a geographic area. It continues to be known by that name and the Al-Khasawneh are the traditional hereditary sheikhs of the district, although the Nuseirat clan have competed with them at times for the sheikhdom of the district.
In the second part of the 18th century, well-known rebel Dhaher al Omar, of Galilee
and later Acre
extended his rule to the Ajloun area through his son Ahmad. The Ottomans, preoccupied with their war against Russia
that ended with the Kunuk Kenarcha treaty of 1775, had no choice but to acquiesce to Dhaher's territorial expansion. In conjunction with his bedouin allies, Musa Al-Hamad led a number of battles against Dhaher and his son, but was later appointed a member of a consultative group of sheikhs by Ahmad, son of Dhaher al Omar, who nevertheless remained suspicious of his intentions. When Ahmad was informed in the early 1770s that Musa was trying to raise a revolt against him, he invited Musa to his citadel at Tubna in the Koura district of Ajloun, where he was killed after dinner. After 1775 the Ottomans, now free to tackle Dhaher, sent both Hussein Pasha and Ahmad beik, later Pasha, El-Jazzar against Dhaher, who was killed, signalling the beginning of a revolt in Ajloun where the Al-Khasawneh and their allies attacked the citadel of Tubna. In the event, Ahmad, son of Dhaher, escaped to Palestine and threw himself on the mercy of Ottoman officials who took him to Istanbul
.
For Al-Khasawneh, who had stood firmly by the Ottomans, this proved an auspicious turn of events and soon Musa's two sons, Saleh and Musa II were able to regain their father's possessions and to move to the village of Husn where they and their descendants continued as the leading family in the area.
Musa II also fought against Napoleon's army at the battle of Mount Tabor
in northern Palestine, where the French were led by general Kleber
and later by Napoleon himself.
In 1869, the Khasawneh were asked by the Ottoman government to move out of Husn. Taking advantage of the situation, they gained possession of the villages of Idoun and Nu'eima along with six or seven ruined villages. These they were able to defend against marauding nomadic tribes and other forces and continue as one of the largest land owners in northern Jordan.
The Ottomans introduced a system of elected local government in the 1860s in what was known as the council of Ajloun, with representation from the old prominent clans of Ajloun with the Al-Khasawneh always having an elected member. This was part of a larger process taking place all over the Middle East
whereby the Ottoman co-opted local forces into local and central government.
in Palestine, and is today called "Al-Azzah." There is also another part of the Al-Azzah clan that settled in Iraq
, which is known as the Azzawi clan.
):
موسى بن موسى بن حمد بن اسماعيل بن علي المحمد أبو الفيض العلي أبو شاك الأحمد الباز الأشهب الأحمد العياد المحمد شمس الدين العبدالرحمن العلي اليحيى الثايت الحازم الأحمد الأحمد العلي الحسن الرفاعة المهدي محمد أبا القاسم الحسن الحسن الموسى الثاني ابراهيم المرتضى الموسى الكاظم جعفر الصادق
ناصر بن حمد بن اسماعيل بن علي المحمد أبو الفيض العلي أبو شاك الأحمد الباز الأشهب الأحمد العياد المحمد شمس الدين العبدالرحمن العلي اليحيى الثايت الحازم الأحمد الأحمد العلي الحسن الرفاعة المهدي محمد أبا القاسم الحسن الحسن الموسى الثاني ابراهيم المرتضى الموسى الكاظم جعفر الصادق
يوسف بن المحمد بن علي المحمد أبو الفيض العلي أبو شاك الأحمد الباز الأشهب الأحمد العياد المحمد شمس الدين العبدالرحمن العلي اليحيى الثايت الحازم الأحمد الأحمد العلي الحسن الرفاعة المهدي محمد أبا القاسم الحسن الحسن الموسى الثاني ابراهيم المرتضى الموسى الكاظم جعفر الصادق
عيسى بن صالح بن موسى بن حمد بن اسماعيل بن علي المحمد أبو الفيض العلي أبو شاك الأحمد الباز الأشهب الأحمد العياد المحمد شمس الدين العبدالرحمن العلي اليحيى الثايت الحازم الأحمد الأحمد العلي الحسن الرفاعة المهدي محمد أبا القاسم الحسن الحسن الموسى الثاني ابراهيم المرتضى الموسى الكاظم جعفر الصادق
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
clan descending from the noble family of Imam
Imam
An imam is an Islamic leadership position, often the worship leader of a mosque and the Muslim community. Similar to spiritual leaders, the imam is the one who leads Islamic worship services. More often, the community turns to the mosque imam if they have a religious question...
Ja'far al-Sadiq
Ja'far al-Sadiq
Jaʿfar ibn Muhammad al-Sādiq was a descendant of Muhammad and a prominent Muslim jurist. He is revered as an Imam by the adherents of Shi'a Islam and as a renowned Islamic scholar and personality by Sunni Muslims. The Shi'a Muslims consider him to be the sixth Imam or leader and spiritual...
and Imam Husayn ibn Ali
Husayn ibn Ali
Hussein ibn ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib was the son of ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib and Fātimah Zahrā...
.
Al-Khasawneh in Northern Jordan
At the time of the Ottoman EmpireOttoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
, Northern Jordan was a sanjak (administrative division) of the town of Ajloun
Ajloun
Ajloun also written Ajlun is the capital town of the Ajloun Governorate . A hilly town in the north of Jordan, located 76 kilometers north west of Amman. It is noted for its impressive ruins the 12th century castle which known nowadays as Ajlun Castle...
. The Al-Khasawneh appeared in the second part of the 16th century in Ein Al-Sharah in the mountainous part of Ajloun where they were engaged in constant clashes with bedouin
Bedouin
The Bedouin are a part of a predominantly desert-dwelling Arab ethnic group traditionally divided into tribes or clans, known in Arabic as ..-Etymology:...
tribes and other local forces before becoming a dominant group in the area known as Al-Asar district (nahiyah, Ajloun). An Ottoman document of 1757 records that their sheikh Musa Al-Hamad was the sheikh of the Banu Obaid group and responsible for contributing to the protection of the annual pilgrimage caravan or hajj
Hajj
The Hajj is the pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia. It is one of the largest pilgrimages in the world, and is the fifth pillar of Islam, a religious duty that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by every able-bodied Muslim who can afford to do so...
to Mecca
Mecca
Mecca is a city in the Hijaz and the capital of Makkah province in Saudi Arabia. The city is located inland from Jeddah in a narrow valley at a height of above sea level...
– a highly lucrative and sought after office. Later on, this part of Al-Asar district was renamed the Banu Obaid district in a classic case of a newcomer group giving their own name to a geographic area. It continues to be known by that name and the Al-Khasawneh are the traditional hereditary sheikhs of the district, although the Nuseirat clan have competed with them at times for the sheikhdom of the district.
In the second part of the 18th century, well-known rebel Dhaher al Omar, of Galilee
Galilee
Galilee , is a large region in northern Israel which overlaps with much of the administrative North District of the country. Traditionally divided into Upper Galilee , Lower Galilee , and Western Galilee , extending from Dan to the north, at the base of Mount Hermon, along Mount Lebanon to the...
and later Acre
Acre
The acre is a unit of area in a number of different systems, including the imperial and U.S. customary systems. The most commonly used acres today are the international acre and, in the United States, the survey acre. The most common use of the acre is to measure tracts of land.The acre is related...
extended his rule to the Ajloun area through his son Ahmad. The Ottomans, preoccupied with their war against Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
that ended with the Kunuk Kenarcha treaty of 1775, had no choice but to acquiesce to Dhaher's territorial expansion. In conjunction with his bedouin allies, Musa Al-Hamad led a number of battles against Dhaher and his son, but was later appointed a member of a consultative group of sheikhs by Ahmad, son of Dhaher al Omar, who nevertheless remained suspicious of his intentions. When Ahmad was informed in the early 1770s that Musa was trying to raise a revolt against him, he invited Musa to his citadel at Tubna in the Koura district of Ajloun, where he was killed after dinner. After 1775 the Ottomans, now free to tackle Dhaher, sent both Hussein Pasha and Ahmad beik, later Pasha, El-Jazzar against Dhaher, who was killed, signalling the beginning of a revolt in Ajloun where the Al-Khasawneh and their allies attacked the citadel of Tubna. In the event, Ahmad, son of Dhaher, escaped to Palestine and threw himself on the mercy of Ottoman officials who took him to Istanbul
Istanbul
Istanbul , historically known as Byzantium and Constantinople , is the largest city of Turkey. Istanbul metropolitan province had 13.26 million people living in it as of December, 2010, which is 18% of Turkey's population and the 3rd largest metropolitan area in Europe after London and...
.
For Al-Khasawneh, who had stood firmly by the Ottomans, this proved an auspicious turn of events and soon Musa's two sons, Saleh and Musa II were able to regain their father's possessions and to move to the village of Husn where they and their descendants continued as the leading family in the area.
Musa II also fought against Napoleon's army at the battle of Mount Tabor
Mount Tabor
-Places:*Mount Tabor, a hill in Israel near Nazareth believed by many to be the site of the Transfiguration of ChristIn the United States:*Mount Tabor, Indiana, an unincorporated community...
in northern Palestine, where the French were led by general Kleber
Kléber
Kléber may refer to:* Jean Baptiste Kléber , a French general* Kléber de Carvalho Corrêa , a Brazilian football player* Kléber de Souza Freitas , a Brazilian football player...
and later by Napoleon himself.
In 1869, the Khasawneh were asked by the Ottoman government to move out of Husn. Taking advantage of the situation, they gained possession of the villages of Idoun and Nu'eima along with six or seven ruined villages. These they were able to defend against marauding nomadic tribes and other forces and continue as one of the largest land owners in northern Jordan.
The Ottomans introduced a system of elected local government in the 1860s in what was known as the council of Ajloun, with representation from the old prominent clans of Ajloun with the Al-Khasawneh always having an elected member. This was part of a larger process taking place all over the Middle East
Middle East
The Middle East is a region that encompasses Western Asia and Northern Africa. It is often used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East...
whereby the Ottoman co-opted local forces into local and central government.
Sub-branches
The different branches of the clan are: Al Homoud, Al- Nawasir, Al-Musa, Al Essa, Al Nasser,Al Barakat, Al Hindawi , Al Musleh ,Al Halalsheh , Al-Yousuf. A separate branch settled in the village of Beit GuvrinBeit Guvrin
Beit Guvrin may refer to:* The ancient city of Maresha, now an archaeological museum, in Israel* The adjacent Roman and Byzantine city of Eleutheropolis, referred to as Beit Guvrin in Jewish scripture.* Beit Guvrin, Israel, a Kibbutz founded in 1949....
in Palestine, and is today called "Al-Azzah." There is also another part of the Al-Azzah clan that settled in Iraq
Iraq
Iraq ; officially the Republic of Iraq is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....
, which is known as the Azzawi clan.
Al-Musa
The family tree of the Al-Musa branch is as follows (in ArabicArabic language
Arabic is a name applied to the descendants of the Classical Arabic language of the 6th century AD, used most prominently in the Quran, the Islamic Holy Book...
):
موسى بن موسى بن حمد بن اسماعيل بن علي المحمد أبو الفيض العلي أبو شاك الأحمد الباز الأشهب الأحمد العياد المحمد شمس الدين العبدالرحمن العلي اليحيى الثايت الحازم الأحمد الأحمد العلي الحسن الرفاعة المهدي محمد أبا القاسم الحسن الحسن الموسى الثاني ابراهيم المرتضى الموسى الكاظم جعفر الصادق
Al-Nawasir
The family tree of the Al-Nawasir branch is as follows (in Arabic):ناصر بن حمد بن اسماعيل بن علي المحمد أبو الفيض العلي أبو شاك الأحمد الباز الأشهب الأحمد العياد المحمد شمس الدين العبدالرحمن العلي اليحيى الثايت الحازم الأحمد الأحمد العلي الحسن الرفاعة المهدي محمد أبا القاسم الحسن الحسن الموسى الثاني ابراهيم المرتضى الموسى الكاظم جعفر الصادق
Yousef Al-Mohd
The family tree of the Yousef Al-Mohd branch is as follows (in Arabic):يوسف بن المحمد بن علي المحمد أبو الفيض العلي أبو شاك الأحمد الباز الأشهب الأحمد العياد المحمد شمس الدين العبدالرحمن العلي اليحيى الثايت الحازم الأحمد الأحمد العلي الحسن الرفاعة المهدي محمد أبا القاسم الحسن الحسن الموسى الثاني ابراهيم المرتضى الموسى الكاظم جعفر الصادق
Al-Issa
The family tree of the Al-Issa branch is as follows (in Arabic):عيسى بن صالح بن موسى بن حمد بن اسماعيل بن علي المحمد أبو الفيض العلي أبو شاك الأحمد الباز الأشهب الأحمد العياد المحمد شمس الدين العبدالرحمن العلي اليحيى الثايت الحازم الأحمد الأحمد العلي الحسن الرفاعة المهدي محمد أبا القاسم الحسن الحسن الموسى الثاني ابراهيم المرتضى الموسى الكاظم جعفر الصادق
Al-Homoud
حمود بن صالح بن موسى بن حمد بن اسماعيل بن علي المحمد أبو الفيض العلي أبو شاك الأحمد الباز الأشهب الأحمد العياد المحمد شمس الدين العبدالرحمن العلي اليحيى الثايت الحازم الأحمد الأحمد العلي الحسن الرفاعة المهدي محمد أبا القاسم الحسن الحسن الموسى الثاني ابراهيم المرتضى الموسى الكاظم جعفر الصادقAl-Musleh
مصلح بن صالح بن موسى بن حمد بن اسماعيل بن علي المحمد أبو الفيض العلي أبو شاك الأحمد الباز الأشهب الأحمد العياد المحمد شمس الدين العبدالرحمن العلي اليحيى الثايت الحازم الأحمد الأحمد العلي الحسن الرفاعة المهدي محمد أبا القاسم الحسن الحسن الموسى الثاني ابراهيم المرتضى الموسى الكاظم جعفر الصادقPeople
- H.E. Awn Shawkat Al-KhasawnehAwn Shawkat Al-KhasawnehAwn Shawkat Al-Khasawneh is the Prime Minister of Jordan. He was a judge at International Court of Justice beginning in 2000, and re-elected to serve another nine-year term on November 6, 2008.-Career:...
(Judge, International Court of JusticeInternational Court of JusticeThe International Court of Justice is the primary judicial organ of the United Nations. It is based in the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands...
- Prime Minister of Jordan, Oct 2011 - now) - H.E. Dr Fayez Essa Khasawneh (Former Minister of Agriculture / Former President of Yarmouk UniversityYarmouk UniversityYarmouk University is a university in Jordan. It was established in 1976. Located in the northern town of Irbid, it has a student body of roughly 31,000.The university has several international partnerships with overseas universities...
/ Former Chairman, Board of Trustees Of The German Jordanian University) / Former President and Chairman of the Board, Aqaba Region Authority / Chairman, Board of Trustees at Yarmouk UniversityYarmouk UniversityYarmouk University is a university in Jordan. It was established in 1976. Located in the northern town of Irbid, it has a student body of roughly 31,000.The university has several international partnerships with overseas universities...
/ Secretary General Of The Arab Thought Forum - H.E. Dr Saleh Fawaz Khasawneh (Former Minister of Labor)
- H.E. Ali AlHindawi
- Dr Ahmad Mansour Al-Khasawneh (BSc, MSc Engineering, PhD. of Information
- H.E. Sheikh Abdul Karim Khasawneh (MuftiMuftiA mufti is a Sunni Islamic scholar who is an interpreter or expounder of Islamic law . In religious administrative terms, a mufti is roughly equivalent to a deacon to a Sunni population...
of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan). - H.E. Hamad Al Farhan Khasawneh (Former minister)
- H.E. Dr Amal Hamad Al Farhan Khasawneh (Former minister)
- H.E. Sameh Qassem Al-Nasser Khasawneh (Secretary General, Civil Service Bureau)
- H.E. Dr Awni Mohamed Al-Khasawneh (General Manager of the Royal Jordanian Geographic Centre)
- Dr Mohammad T. Khasawneh (Associate Professor at the State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New YorkBinghamton, New YorkBinghamton is a city in the Southern Tier of New York in the United States. It is near the Pennsylvania border, in a bowl-shaped valley at the confluence of the Susquehanna and Chenango Rivers...
, USA)., State University of New York at Binghamton, New York, USA. - Prof. Anis S. Khasawneh (Professor of Public AdministrationPublic administrationPublic Administration houses the implementation of government policy and an academic discipline that studies this implementation and that prepares civil servants for this work. As a "field of inquiry with a diverse scope" its "fundamental goal.....
, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Yarmouk UniversityYarmouk UniversityYarmouk University is a university in Jordan. It was established in 1976. Located in the northern town of Irbid, it has a student body of roughly 31,000.The university has several international partnerships with overseas universities...
, IrbidIrbidIrbid , known in ancient times as Arabella or Arbela , is the capital and largest city of the Irbid Governorate. It also has the second largest metropolitan population in Jordan after Amman, with a population of around 660,000, and is located about 70 km north of Amman on the northern ridge of...
, JordanJordanJordan , officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan , Al-Mamlaka al-Urduniyya al-Hashemiyya) is a kingdom on the East Bank of the River Jordan. The country borders Saudi Arabia to the east and south-east, Iraq to the north-east, Syria to the north and the West Bank and Israel to the west, sharing...
). - Dr Ahmad Mansour Al-Khasawneh (BSc, MSc Engineering, PhD. of Information Systems) (Director of eLearning Center)
- Dr Mahmood Al-khassaweneh (Professor at Michigan State University and Yarmouk University).
- Dr. Ibrahim "Mohamad Rasheed" Khasawneh (general practitioner)
- Dr. Sahar "Mohamad Rasheed" Khasswneh (PhD) Near Eastern Archaeology, Free Berlin University (Germany).
- Dr Marwan M. Al-Nasser Khasawneh (Professor at the State University of New York at Fredonia, Fredonia, New York, USA).
- Mr Shadi T. Khasawneh (Design Engineer at Intel CorporationIntel CorporationIntel Corporation is an American multinational semiconductor chip maker corporation headquartered in Santa Clara, California, United States and the world's largest semiconductor chip maker, based on revenue. It is the inventor of the x86 series of microprocessors, the processors found in most...
, Austin, TexasAustin, TexasAustin is the capital city of the U.S. state of :Texas and the seat of Travis County. Located in Central Texas on the eastern edge of the American Southwest, it is the fourth-largest city in Texas and the 14th most populous city in the United States. It was the third-fastest-growing large city in...
, USA). - Mr Mahmoud T. Khasawneh (PhD student, Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, Old Dominion UniversityOld Dominion UniversityOld Dominion University is a state university located in Norfolk, Virginia, United States, and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools...
, Norfolk, VirginiaNorfolk, VirginiaNorfolk is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. With a population of 242,803 as of the 2010 Census, it is Virginia's second-largest city behind neighboring Virginia Beach....
, USA). - Dr. Mazin Alaya Khasawneh, Laboratory for Physical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Dr Mohammed Ahmed Khasawneh (Professor of Chemistry, United Arab Emirates UniversityUnited Arab Emirates UniversityUnited Arab Emirates University was established in 1976, and is the oldest of the three government-sponsored institutions of higher learning in the United Arab Emirates compared to the Higher Colleges of Technology and Zayed University...
, USA). - Dr Suhail Mohammed Jamil Khasawneh (Professor in Jordan University of Science and TechnologyJordan University of Science and TechnologyThe Jordan University of Science and Technology , often abbreviated JUST, is a comprehensive, state-supported university located on the outskirts of Irbid at Ar Ramtha region, in northern Jordan....
) phd. in Arabic language. - Dr. Mohammad Shaker Khasawneh (Specialist In Radiology At The Royal Medical Services).
- Dr Alaeldin Khasawneh (Assistant professor in Yarmouk Uinversity) PhD in law
- Mr.Rami Raja Saleh Khasawneh (Mph,RN,BSN) from the Jordan University of Science and Technology. Ward Nurse at the Royal Hospital, Sultanate of Oman
- Dr. Abdallah Mohammad Ali Khasawinah (PhD) Senior Toxicologist, United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
- Dr. Engr. Abdul-Razzaq Tayseer Mohammad Said Khasawneh, DPA, PE, PMP (California, USA)
- Dipl.-Biol. Univ. Jamil Khasawneh, Technical University of Munich (Germany)