Alexandrovsky Uyezd
Encyclopedia
Alexandrovsky Uyezd was an administrative division (an uyezd
) of Arkhangelsk Governorate
of the Russian Empire
and later of the Russian SFSR.
The origins of Alexandrovsky Uyezd trace back to Kolsky Uyezd
, which existed on this territory since the early 16th century until , 1858, when Tsar Alexander II
approved a State Council
opinion "On Changing the Governance in the Town of Kola and in Kolsky Uyezd" that Kolsky Uyezd be abolished and its territory merged into Kemsky Uyezd.
Kolsky Uyezd was restored on , 1883 when Tsar Alexander III
approved a new opinion of the State Council, although the territory of the restored uyezd was smaller than its pre-1858 territory—it included only the 4th and the 5th stans of Kemsky Uyezd. The town of Kola
once again became the administrative center of the uyezd.
On , 1899, the village of Alexandrovsk was granted the status of an uyezd town, for which reason the uyezd was renamed Alexandrovsky.
On , 1912, new Teriberskaya Volost
was created from a part of Kolsko-Loparskaya Volost
.
When the White movement
controlled the northwest of Russia in 1918–1920, Alexandrovsky Uyezd was included into Northern Oblast
. By 1920 (the exact date is unknown), Murmansko-Kolonistskaya Volost of the uyezd was renamed Pechengskaya ; after Pechenga, where the volost government was located. On February 2, 1920, Murmansk Governorate
was established by the Resolution of the Provisional Government of Northern Oblast; it included the territory of Alexandrovsky Uyezd. The uyezd, however, was restored in its 1917 borders after Murmansk Governorate was abolished effective February 21, 1920 when the Soviet power was restored on the Kola Peninsula
.
In February 1920, according to the provisions of the first Constitution of the Russian SFSR, the process of creating selsoviet
s started in the uyezd. While the Constitution and the auxiliary Resolution on the Selsoviets specified that the populations of the selsoviets should not be fewer than three hundred people, this requirement proved impractical in the uyezds where small villages were scattered within large distances from one another. Thus, many selsoviets were created despite the insufficient population counts and gradually started to replace the volosts as the lowest unit of the administrative-territorial division.
On March 24, 1920, the 1st Congress of Alexandrovsky Uyezd Soviets made a decision to rename the uyezd Murmansky , as Murmansk served as the uyezd's center. On April 13, Arkhangelsk Governorate Executive Committee approved the new name during a plenary session
. However, the decision was not approved by the All-Russian Central Executive Committee
and for the next fifteen months the uyezd was referred to by both names.
In the beginning of 1921, as a result of the Treaty of Tartu
signed between Russia and Finland on October 14, 1920, the western portion of Pechengskaya Volost along with the portions of Kolsko-Loparskaya Volost were ceded to Finland, with Russia abandoning all future rights and claims to these territories. On April 7, 1921, an assembly of representatives of various Soviet organizations transformed the remaining part of Pechengskaya Volost into new Novozerskaya Volost
.
On June 13, 1921, a Decree issued by the All-Russian Central Executive Committee transformed Alexandrovsky Uyezd into Murmansk Governorate
.
Uyezd
Uyezd or uezd was an administrative subdivision of Rus', Muscovy, Russian Empire, and the early Russian SFSR which was in use from the 13th century. Uyezds for most of the history in Russia were a secondary-level of administrative division...
) of Arkhangelsk Governorate
Arkhangelsk Governorate
Archangelsk Governorate was an administrative division of the Russian Empire, which existed from 1796 until 1929. Its seat was in Arkhangelsk...
of the Russian Empire
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
and later of the Russian SFSR.
The origins of Alexandrovsky Uyezd trace back to Kolsky Uyezd
Kolsky Uyezd
Kolsky Uyezd was an administrative division of the Tsardom of Russia and later of the Russian Empire.-16th–17th centuries:Russian expansion to the Kola Peninsula can be traced to the early 16th century when the Russian monk Trifon founded an Orthodox monastery at Pechenga...
, which existed on this territory since the early 16th century until , 1858, when Tsar Alexander II
Alexander II of Russia
Alexander II , also known as Alexander the Liberator was the Emperor of the Russian Empire from 3 March 1855 until his assassination in 1881...
approved a State Council
State Council of Imperial Russia
The State Council was the supreme state advisory body to the Tsar in Imperial Russia.-18th century:Early Tsars' Councils were small and dealt primarily with the external politics....
opinion "On Changing the Governance in the Town of Kola and in Kolsky Uyezd" that Kolsky Uyezd be abolished and its territory merged into Kemsky Uyezd.
Kolsky Uyezd was restored on , 1883 when Tsar Alexander III
Alexander III of Russia
Alexander Alexandrovich Romanov , historically remembered as Alexander III or Alexander the Peacemaker reigned as Emperor of Russia from until his death on .-Disposition:...
approved a new opinion of the State Council, although the territory of the restored uyezd was smaller than its pre-1858 territory—it included only the 4th and the 5th stans of Kemsky Uyezd. The town of Kola
Kola (town)
Kola is a town and the administrative center of Kolsky District of Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Kola and Tuloma Rivers, south of Murmansk and southwest of Severomorsk. It is the oldest town of the Kola Peninsula. Population: 11,060 ; -History:The district of Kolo...
once again became the administrative center of the uyezd.
On , 1899, the village of Alexandrovsk was granted the status of an uyezd town, for which reason the uyezd was renamed Alexandrovsky.
On , 1912, new Teriberskaya Volost
Teriberskaya Volost
Teriberskaya Volost was an administrative division of Alexandrovsky Uyezd of Arkhangelsk Governorate, Russian Empire , and then of Murmansk Governorate of the Russian SFSR....
was created from a part of Kolsko-Loparskaya Volost
Kolsko-Loparskaya Volost
Kolsko-Loparskaya Volost was at various times an administrative division of Kemsky, Kolsky, and Alexandrovsky Uyezds of Arkhangelsk Governorate of the Russian Empire , and then of Murmansk Governorate of the Russian SFSR...
.
When the White movement
White movement
The White movement and its military arm the White Army - known as the White Guard or the Whites - was a loose confederation of Anti-Communist forces.The movement comprised one of the politico-military Russian forces who fought...
controlled the northwest of Russia in 1918–1920, Alexandrovsky Uyezd was included into Northern Oblast
Northern Oblast (1918-1920)
Northern Oblast was a territory in the northwest of Russia controlled by the White movement during the Russian Civil War. Its administrative center was Arkhangelsk....
. By 1920 (the exact date is unknown), Murmansko-Kolonistskaya Volost of the uyezd was renamed Pechengskaya ; after Pechenga, where the volost government was located. On February 2, 1920, Murmansk Governorate
Murmansk Governorate (1920)
Murmansk Governorate was a short-lived administrative division established by the White government on the Kola Peninsula in Russia....
was established by the Resolution of the Provisional Government of Northern Oblast; it included the territory of Alexandrovsky Uyezd. The uyezd, however, was restored in its 1917 borders after Murmansk Governorate was abolished effective February 21, 1920 when the Soviet power was restored on the Kola Peninsula
Kola Peninsula
The Kola Peninsula is a peninsula in the far northwest of Russia. Constituting the bulk of the territory of Murmansk Oblast, it lies almost completely to the north of the Arctic Circle and is washed by the Barents Sea in the north and the White Sea in the east and southeast...
.
In February 1920, according to the provisions of the first Constitution of the Russian SFSR, the process of creating selsoviet
Selsoviet
Selsoviet is a shortened name for a rural council. The full names for the term are, in , , . Selsoviets were the lowest level of administrative division in rural areas in the Soviet Union...
s started in the uyezd. While the Constitution and the auxiliary Resolution on the Selsoviets specified that the populations of the selsoviets should not be fewer than three hundred people, this requirement proved impractical in the uyezds where small villages were scattered within large distances from one another. Thus, many selsoviets were created despite the insufficient population counts and gradually started to replace the volosts as the lowest unit of the administrative-territorial division.
On March 24, 1920, the 1st Congress of Alexandrovsky Uyezd Soviets made a decision to rename the uyezd Murmansky , as Murmansk served as the uyezd's center. On April 13, Arkhangelsk Governorate Executive Committee approved the new name during a plenary session
Plenary session
Plenary session is a term often used in conferences to define the part of the conference when all members of all parties are to attend.These sessions may contain a broad range of content from keynotes to panel discussions and are not necessarily related to a specific style of delivery.The term has...
. However, the decision was not approved by the All-Russian Central Executive Committee
All-Russian Central Executive Committee
All-Russian Central Executive Committee , was the highest legislative, administrative, and revising body of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Although the All-Russian Congress of Soviets had supreme authority, in periods between its sessions its powers were passed to VTsIK...
and for the next fifteen months the uyezd was referred to by both names.
In the beginning of 1921, as a result of the Treaty of Tartu
Treaty of Tartu (Russian–Finnish)
The Treaty of Tartu between Finland and Soviet Russia was signed on 14 October 1920 after negotiations that lasted for four months. The treaty confirmed the border between Finland and Soviet Russia after the Finnish civil war and Finnish volunteer expeditions in Russian East Karelia. Ratifications...
signed between Russia and Finland on October 14, 1920, the western portion of Pechengskaya Volost along with the portions of Kolsko-Loparskaya Volost were ceded to Finland, with Russia abandoning all future rights and claims to these territories. On April 7, 1921, an assembly of representatives of various Soviet organizations transformed the remaining part of Pechengskaya Volost into new Novozerskaya Volost
Novozerskaya Volost
Novozerskaya Volost was an administrative division of Alexandrovsky Uyezd of Arkhangelsk Governorate and then of Murmansk Governorate of the Russian SFSR....
.
On June 13, 1921, a Decree issued by the All-Russian Central Executive Committee transformed Alexandrovsky Uyezd into Murmansk Governorate
Murmansk Governorate
Murmansk Governorate was an administrative division of the early Russian SFSR which existed in 1921–1927. The governorate was established on the territory of former Alexandrovsky Uyezd of Arkhangelsk Governorate by the All-Russian Central Executive Committee Decree issued on June 13, 1921...
.