Alfredo Keil
Encyclopedia
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
romantic composer
Composer
A composer is a person who creates music, either by musical notation or oral tradition, for interpretation and performance, or through direct manipulation of sonic material through electronic media...
and painter
Painting
Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface . The application of the medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush but other objects can be used. In art, the term painting describes both the act and the result of the action. However, painting is...
.
Keil was born in Lisbon
Lisbon
Lisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban...
, the son of Johann Christian Keil (son of Johann Georg Keil and wife Elisabeth ...) and wife (m. Lisbon
Lisbon
Lisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban...
, 30 August 1848) Maria Josefina Stellflug (daughter of Matias Stellflug and wife Barbara ...). He was of German
Germans
The Germans are a Germanic ethnic group native to Central Europe. The English term Germans has referred to the German-speaking population of the Holy Roman Empire since the Late Middle Ages....
origin, and was the great Portuguese romantic
Romantic music
Romantic music or music in the Romantic Period is a musicological and artistic term referring to a particular period, theory, compositional practice, and canon in Western music history, from 1810 to 1900....
composer. He was also considered the last important Portuguese painter in the romantic
Romanticism
Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
style. He studied in Munich
Munich
Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
and Nuremberg
Nuremberg
Nuremberg[p] is a city in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia. Situated on the Pegnitz river and the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal, it is located about north of Munich and is Franconia's largest city. The population is 505,664...
with the German romantic painters Kaulbach
Kaulbach
Kaulbach is a surname:* Anton Kaulbach , German painter* Charles Edwin Kaulbach , a Canadian merchant, ship owner and political figure* Friedrich August von Kaulbach , German painter...
and von Kreling. Returning to Portugal, where he continued his studies, he became a well known romantic painter, being also the contemporary of the naturalist generation, with his melancholic intimate scenes and landscapes.
As a composer, he gained prominence with his operas "D. Branca" (1883), "Irene" (1893) and "Serrana" (1899), then considered the best Portuguese opera
Opera
Opera is an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text and musical score, usually in a theatrical setting. Opera incorporates many of the elements of spoken theatre, such as acting, scenery, and costumes and sometimes includes dance...
.
He composed the music of A Portuguesa
A Portuguesa
A Portuguesa , , is the national anthem of Portugal. It was composed by Alfredo Keil and written by Henrique Lopes de Mendonça during the resurgent nationalist movement ignited by the 1890 British ultimatum to Portugal concerning its African colonies...
, the Portuguese national anthem
National anthem
A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history, traditions and struggles of its people, recognized either by a nation's government as the official national song, or by convention through use by the people.- History :Anthems rose to prominence...
, in 1891, with lyrics by poet and playwright Henrique Lopes de Mendonça
Henrique Lopes de Mendonça
Henrique Lopes de Mendonça was a Portuguese poet, playwright and naval officer. He wrote several plays, and with his friend, the composer Alfredo Keil, he wrote the lyrics of the future Portuguese national anthem, A Portuguesa, which was adopted in 1911...
; it was adopted in 1911, after the proclamation of the Republic
5 October 1910 revolution
The revolution of 1910 was a republican coup d'état that occurred in Portugal on 5 October 1910, which deposed King Manuel II and established the Portuguese First Republic....
the previous year. Ironically, he died, in Hamburg
Hamburg
-History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...
, exactly three years before the first day of the Revolution.
Family
He married Cleyde Maria Margarida Cinatti, daughter of Italian parents Giuseppe Luigi Cinatti (son of Luigi Cinatti and wife Maria Nicolina ...) and wife Margherita Rivolto (daughter of Giacomo Rivolto and wife Margherita Sertorio), and had issue:- Joana Maria Francisca Cinatti Keil
- Guida Maria Josefina Cinatti Keil, married firstly to Jaime Raúl de Brito Carvalho da Silva, and had issue, two children, and married secondly as his first wife to Francisco Coelho do Amaral Reis, 1st ViscountViscountA viscount or viscountess is a member of the European nobility whose comital title ranks usually, as in the British peerage, above a baron, below an earl or a count .-Etymology:...
of Pedralva by Carlos I of PortugalCarlos I of Portugal-Assassination:On 1 February 1908 the royal family returned from the palace of Vila Viçosa to Lisbon. They travelled by train to Barreiro and, from there, they took a steamer to cross the Tagus River and disembarked at Cais do Sodré in central Lisbon. On their way to the royal palace, the open...
in 1904 (SátãoSátãoSátão is a municipality in Portugal with a total area of 201.9 km² and a total population of 13,419 inhabitants.The municipality is composed of 12 parishes and is located in the district Viseu....
, Águas Boas, 3 August 1873 – 5 April 1938), 100th GovernorGovernorA governor is a governing official, usually the executive of a non-sovereign level of government, ranking under the head of state...
of AngolaAngolaAngola, officially the Republic of Angola , is a country in south-central Africa bordered by Namibia on the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the north, and Zambia on the east; its west coast is on the Atlantic Ocean with Luanda as its capital city...
from 1920 to 1921, son of José Caetano dos Reis and wife Lucrécia Coelho do Amaral, and had issue, an only son, renown ArchitectArchitectAn architect is a person trained in the planning, design and oversight of the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to offer or render services in connection with the design and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the...
Francisco Keil do AmaralFrancisco Keil do AmaralFrancisco Caetano Keil Coelho do Amaral, 2nd Viscount of Pedralva , was a Portuguese architect, painter and photographer...
:- Maria Sara Keil Carvalho da Silva
- Eduardo Alfredo Keil Carvalho da Silva, married to Dolores dos Santos Mendes, and had issue, three children:
- Eduardo Artur Mendes Keil Carvalho da Silva
- Guida Maria Mendes Keil Carvalho da Silva, had natural children one by ... Morais Marques and two by ... Teixeira:
- Inês Raquel Carvalho da Silva Morais Marques
- Tito Carvalho da Silva Teixeira
- Erica Carvalho da Silva Teixeira
- Carlos Eduardo Mendes Keil Carvalho da Silva
- Luís Cristiano Cinatti Keil
- Paulo Henrique Cinatti Keil