Alfredo Toro Hardy
Encyclopedia
Alfredo Toro Hardy is a Venezuelan
diplomat
and the current Ambassador
of Venezuela
to Singapore
.
from the Universidad Central de Venezuela
, Caracas in 1973. He acquired a diploma in diplomatic studies from the Institut International d'Administration Publique
and a diploma in comparative law from the Université Panthéon-Assas Paris II in Paris
, 1975. He received his M.S.
from the Universidad Central de Venezuela in 1977 and his Master of Laws
from the University of Pennsylvania
in 1979.
, London
, since 2003) and Visiting Professor at Princeton University
(1986–1987) and the University of Brasilia
(1995–1996). Fulbright Scholar (1986–1987). On-line Professor at the University of Barcelona
(2005–2006). He was elected by the Council of Faculties of the University of Cambridge as “Simón Bolívar Chair Professor” for the period 2006-2007, but had to decline due to his diplomatic career. Associate Professor at the Simón Bolívar University of Caracas (retired in 1992). Alfredo Toro Hardy was the director of the Centre for North American Studies and Coordinator of the Institute for Higher Latin American Studies at the Simón Bolívar University in Caracas from 1989 to 1992. He was the director of the "Pedro Gual" Diplomatic Academy of the Venezuelan Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 1992 to 1994.
Author or co-author of twenty nine books and numerous academic articles on international affairs. The English version of his book The Age of Villages won the “Latino Book Award” (best book by an author whose original language is in Spanish
or Portuguese
) in the category of contemporary history/political sciences, at the BookExpo America celebrated in Chicago
in 2003, while his book Hegemony and Empire won the same prize at the same category at the BookExpo America celebrated in Los Angeles
in 2008. He is a weekly columnist at the Venezuelan newspaper El Universal and a frequent contributor in newspapers, magazines and blogs from Latin America and Spain.
Alfredo Toro Hardy is currently the ambassador of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
to the Republic of Singapore as of November 19, 2009. His past ambassadorial posts are the following:
Venezuelan people
Venezuelan people are from a multiethnic nation in South America called Venezuela. Venezuelans are predominantly Roman Catholic and speak Spanish, and a majority of them are the result of a mixture of Europeans, Africans, and Amerindians.-Demography:...
diplomat
Diplomat
A diplomat is a person appointed by a state to conduct diplomacy with another state or international organization. The main functions of diplomats revolve around the representation and protection of the interests and nationals of the sending state, as well as the promotion of information and...
and the current Ambassador
Ambassador
An ambassador is the highest ranking diplomat who represents a nation and is usually accredited to a foreign sovereign or government, or to an international organization....
of Venezuela
Venezuela
Venezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...
to Singapore
Singapore
Singapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the...
.
Education
Alfredo Toro Hardy graduated with a Law degreeLaw degree
A Law degree is an academic degree conferred for studies in law. Such degrees are generally preparation for legal careers; but while their curricula may be reviewed by legal authority, they do not themselves confer a license...
from the Universidad Central de Venezuela
Central University of Venezuela
The Central University of Venezuela is a premier public University of Venezuela located in Caracas...
, Caracas in 1973. He acquired a diploma in diplomatic studies from the Institut International d'Administration Publique
École nationale d'administration
The École Nationale d'Administration , one of the most prestigious of French graduate schools , was created in 1945 by Charles de Gaulle to democratise access to the senior civil service. It is now entrusted with the selection and initial training of senior French officials...
and a diploma in comparative law from the Université Panthéon-Assas Paris II in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, 1975. He received his M.S.
Master of Science
A Master of Science is a postgraduate academic master's degree awarded by universities in many countries. The degree is typically studied for in the sciences including the social sciences.-Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay:...
from the Universidad Central de Venezuela in 1977 and his Master of Laws
Master of Laws
The Master of Laws is an advanced academic degree, pursued by those holding a professional law degree, and is commonly abbreviated LL.M. from its Latin name, Legum Magister. The University of Oxford names its taught masters of laws B.C.L...
from the University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
The University of Pennsylvania is a private, Ivy League university located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Penn is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States,Penn is the fourth-oldest using the founding dates claimed by each institution...
in 1979.
Career
Member of the Advising Committee of London’s Diplomatic Academy (University of WestminsterUniversity of Westminster
The University of Westminster is a public research university located in London, United Kingdom. Its origins go back to the foundation of the Royal Polytechnic Institution in 1838, and it was awarded university status in 1992.The university's headquarters and original campus are based on Regent...
, London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
, since 2003) and Visiting Professor at Princeton University
Princeton University
Princeton University is a private research university located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. The school is one of the eight universities of the Ivy League, and is one of the nine Colonial Colleges founded before the American Revolution....
(1986–1987) and the University of Brasilia
University of Brasília
The University of Brasília , is one of the largest and most prestigious Brazilian public universities funded by the Brazilian federal government...
(1995–1996). Fulbright Scholar (1986–1987). On-line Professor at the University of Barcelona
University of Barcelona
The University of Barcelona is a public university located in the city of Barcelona, Catalonia in Spain. It is a member of the Coimbra Group, LERU, European University Association, Mediterranean Universities Union, International Research Universities Network and Vives Network...
(2005–2006). He was elected by the Council of Faculties of the University of Cambridge as “Simón Bolívar Chair Professor” for the period 2006-2007, but had to decline due to his diplomatic career. Associate Professor at the Simón Bolívar University of Caracas (retired in 1992). Alfredo Toro Hardy was the director of the Centre for North American Studies and Coordinator of the Institute for Higher Latin American Studies at the Simón Bolívar University in Caracas from 1989 to 1992. He was the director of the "Pedro Gual" Diplomatic Academy of the Venezuelan Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 1992 to 1994.
Author or co-author of twenty nine books and numerous academic articles on international affairs. The English version of his book The Age of Villages won the “Latino Book Award” (best book by an author whose original language is in Spanish
Spanish language
Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the...
or Portuguese
Portuguese language
Portuguese is a Romance language that arose in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia, nowadays Galicia and Northern Portugal. The southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia became independent as the County of Portugal in 1095...
) in the category of contemporary history/political sciences, at the BookExpo America celebrated in Chicago
Chicago
Chicago is the largest city in the US state of Illinois. With nearly 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the Midwestern United States and the third most populous in the US, after New York City and Los Angeles...
in 2003, while his book Hegemony and Empire won the same prize at the same category at the BookExpo America celebrated in Los Angeles
Los Ángeles
Los Ángeles is the capital of the province of Biobío, in the commune of the same name, in Region VIII , in the center-south of Chile. It is located between the Laja and Biobío rivers. The population is 123,445 inhabitants...
in 2008. He is a weekly columnist at the Venezuelan newspaper El Universal and a frequent contributor in newspapers, magazines and blogs from Latin America and Spain.
Alfredo Toro Hardy is currently the ambassador of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
Venezuela
Venezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...
to the Republic of Singapore as of November 19, 2009. His past ambassadorial posts are the following:
- Ambassador to the Federative Republic of Brazil (1994–1997)
- Ambassador to the Republic of Chile (1997–1999)
- Ambassador to the United StatesUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
(1999–2001) - Ambassador to the Commonwealth of the Bahamas (1999–2001)
- Ambassador to the United KingdomUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
(2001–2007) - Ambassador to the Republic of IrelandRepublic of IrelandIreland , described as the Republic of Ireland , is a sovereign state in Europe occupying approximately five-sixths of the island of the same name. Its capital is Dublin. Ireland, which had a population of 4.58 million in 2011, is a constitutional republic governed as a parliamentary democracy,...
(2001–2007) - Ambassador to the Kingdom of Spain (2007–2009)