Ali Mughayat Syah
Encyclopedia
Ali Mughayat Syah was the first sultan of Aceh, reigning from c. 1514 until his death. He is considered the founder of the Aceh, and is presumed to be the same person or a relative of "Syah Pau Ling" of Champa, the son of the King of Champa
Syah Pau Kubah, who fled Champa when the Vietnam
ese sacked the capital, Vijaya (Champa)
in 1471. Indeed, Acehnese is the only non-Chamic relative in the subgroup Aceh-Chamic languages.
In 1520, he began military campaigns to dominate the northern part of Sumatra
. His first campaign was to Daya, on the northwest coast, which, according to Tomé Pires
, had not yet been Islam
ized. Further conquests extended down the east coast, incorporating several pepper
- and gold
-producing regions. The addition of such production centers ultimately led to internal tensions within the sultanate, as Aceh
's strength was as a trading port, whose economic interests necessarily vary from those of producing ports.
Later attacks included the states of Deli
and Aru
. The first included the conquest of Pedir and Pasai
, the conquest of which involved the expulsion of a Portuguese
garrison. In the attack on Aru of 1524, his armies defeated a Portuguese fleet. These military actions challenged both the sea power of Portugal and the holdings of the Sultanate of Johor on Sumatra.
Upon his death in 1530, he was succeeded by his son, Salahuddin
, who did not share his military abilities.
Champa
The kingdom of Champa was an Indianized kingdom that controlled what is now southern and central Vietnam from approximately the 7th century through to 1832.The Cham people are remnants...
Syah Pau Kubah, who fled Champa when the Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...
ese sacked the capital, Vijaya (Champa)
Vijaya (Champa)
Vijaya was a city-state in the ancient kingdom of Champa in what is now south-central Vietnam. It was the capital of Champa for several centuries until it was conquered by Vietnam in 1471.-Geography, Economy, Transport:...
in 1471. Indeed, Acehnese is the only non-Chamic relative in the subgroup Aceh-Chamic languages.
In 1520, he began military campaigns to dominate the northern part of Sumatra
Sumatra
Sumatra is an island in western Indonesia, westernmost of the Sunda Islands. It is the largest island entirely in Indonesia , and the sixth largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 with a population of 50,365,538...
. His first campaign was to Daya, on the northwest coast, which, according to Tomé Pires
Tomé Pires
Tomé Pires was an apothecary from Lisbon who spent 1512 to 1515 in Malacca immediately after the Portuguese conquest, at a time when Europeans were only first arriving in South East Asia...
, had not yet been Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
ized. Further conquests extended down the east coast, incorporating several pepper
Black pepper
Black pepper is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit, which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning. The fruit, known as a peppercorn when dried, is approximately in diameter, dark red when fully mature, and, like all drupes, contains a single seed...
- and gold
Gold
Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au and an atomic number of 79. Gold is a dense, soft, shiny, malleable and ductile metal. Pure gold has a bright yellow color and luster traditionally considered attractive, which it maintains without oxidizing in air or water. Chemically, gold is a...
-producing regions. The addition of such production centers ultimately led to internal tensions within the sultanate, as Aceh
Aceh
Aceh is a special region of Indonesia, located on the northern tip of the island of Sumatra. Its full name is Daerah Istimewa Aceh , Nanggroë Aceh Darussalam and Aceh . Past spellings of its name include Acheh, Atjeh and Achin...
's strength was as a trading port, whose economic interests necessarily vary from those of producing ports.
Later attacks included the states of Deli
Sultanate of Deli
Deli is a 1,820 km² state in east Sumatra founded in 1630. A tributary kingdom from 1630 until 1814, the state became a sultanate in 1814 when acquiring independence from Sultanate of Siak....
and Aru
Aru
Aru and ARU may refer to:Aru* Name of Lady in India* Aru Islands, a group of islands in the Moluccas* Sultanate of Deli , an early Islamic polity in northeast Sumatra* Aru, Democratic Republic of Congo, a town in Ituri province...
. The first included the conquest of Pedir and Pasai
Pasai
Pasai, also known as Samudera and Samudera-Pasai sometimes called Samudera Darussalam was a Muslim harbour kingdom on the north coast of Sumatra from the 13th to the 15th centuries CE. It was believed the word Samudera derived from Samudra meaning ocean in Sanskrit...
, the conquest of which involved the expulsion of a Portuguese
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
garrison. In the attack on Aru of 1524, his armies defeated a Portuguese fleet. These military actions challenged both the sea power of Portugal and the holdings of the Sultanate of Johor on Sumatra.
Upon his death in 1530, he was succeeded by his son, Salahuddin
Salahuddin of Aceh
In Indonesian history, Salahuddin was the second sultan of Aceh, reigning from 1530 to 1537 or 1539. He was the eldest son of Ali Mughayat Syah, the first sultan of Aceh. Relative to his father and brother, Alauddin Riayat Syah al-Kahar, who deposed him, he was a weaker ruler. It is unclear whether...
, who did not share his military abilities.