All Saints Church, Saltfleetby
Encyclopedia
All Saints Church, Saltfleetby, is a redundant
Anglican
church in the village of Saltfleetby All Saints
, Lincolnshire
, England. It has been designated by English Heritage
as a Grade I listed building, and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust
. The church stands in the marshland of Lincolnshire, and has a leaning west tower.
in the Redundant Churches Fund (the forerunner of the Churches Conservation Trust) during the same year.
greenstone
, limestone
and ironstone
rubble
, with limestone dressings. It contains some brick, and parts of it are rendered
. The roofs are in lead and slate
, with ridge tiles. Its plan consists of a nave
with a south aisle
and a south porch, a chancel
with a southeast chapel, and a west tower. The tower dates from the late 12th century, and was raised in the 15th century. On its corners are large diagonal buttress
es which were added in 1886, the southeast buttress containing a stair turret
. The tower is in three stages with a battlement
ed parapet
and gargoyle
s at the corners. In the bottom stage on the west side are two central lancet window
s, one above the other. In the middle stage are rectangular windows on the north, west and south sides, together with the outlines of blocked 12th-century round-headed bell openings on each side. The top stage, which dates from the 15th century, contains a pair of two-light bell openings on each side.
In the north wall of the nave are two single-light windows flanking a pointed doorway, and to the east of these are large three-light rectangular windows. The north wall of the chancel contains two pointed windows dating from about 1300, and two lancet windows. The east wall has a large pointed window, and in the south wall is a three-light rectangular window. Along the south wall of the aisle are pilaster
buttresses with larger buttress alongside, the latter being added in 1886. Towards the east end of the wall is a three-light pointed window dating from the 15th century. Along the rest of the wall are four windows with Y-tracery
, and between the middle two of these is the porch. There is another similar window in the west wall of the aisle. The porch is gable
d and dates from the 15th century. It has angle buttresses and a pointed doorway. Above the doorway is an inscription in Latin
and shields. Inside the porch are benches. The doorway into the church dates from the 14th century.
is from about 1200, and is in four bays
, plus a smaller bay to the west. It has pointed arches carried on round piers
. The pointed chancel arch dates from the middle of the 12th century. There are panelled 14th-century screens between the nave and the chancel, and between the chancel and the chapel. The chancel has a double south arcade, an aumbry
in its north wall and a piscina
in the south wall. In the chapel is a carved stone reredos
. There are two pulpit
s. One is in Jacobean
style and is ornately carved; the other dates from the early 17th century and was donated to the church by Oriel College, Oxford. Also in the church is an 18th-century box pew
. The font
has a 13th-century octagonal bowl carried on 14th-century shafts, standing on a 15th-century richly carved octagonal base.
Redundant church
A redundant church is a church building that is no longer required for regular public worship. The phrase is particularly used to refer to former Anglican buildings in the United Kingdom, but may refer to any disused church building around the world...
Anglican
Anglicanism
Anglicanism is a tradition within Christianity comprising churches with historical connections to the Church of England or similar beliefs, worship and church structures. The word Anglican originates in ecclesia anglicana, a medieval Latin phrase dating to at least 1246 that means the English...
church in the village of Saltfleetby All Saints
Saltfleetby
Saltfleetby is a village and civil parish in the county of Lincolnshire, England. Situated approximately east of Louth, north of Mablethorpe and on the coast of the North Sea, the village had a population of 599 at the 2001 Census....
, Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire is a county in the east of England. It borders Norfolk to the south east, Cambridgeshire to the south, Rutland to the south west, Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire to the west, South Yorkshire to the north west, and the East Riding of Yorkshire to the north. It also borders...
, England. It has been designated by English Heritage
English Heritage
English Heritage . is an executive non-departmental public body of the British Government sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport...
as a Grade I listed building, and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust
Churches Conservation Trust
The Churches Conservation Trust, which was initially known as the Redundant Churches Fund, is a charity whose purpose is to protect historic churches at risk, those that have been made redundant by the Church of England. The Trust was established by the Pastoral Measure of 1968...
. The church stands in the marshland of Lincolnshire, and has a leaning west tower.
History
The church dates from the 12th century, with alterations and additions in each of the following three centuries, in 1611, and in 1873. Inside are fragments of a building probably dating to about 1150. It was built in the Early English and Perpendicular styles. It was repaired in 1886 by R. J. Withers. The church was declared redundant in November 1973, and was vestedVesting
In law, vesting is to give an immediately secured right of present or future enjoyment. One has a vested right to an asset that cannot be taken away by any third party, even though one may not yet possess the asset. When the right, interest or title to the present or future possession of a legal...
in the Redundant Churches Fund (the forerunner of the Churches Conservation Trust) during the same year.
Exterior
All Saints is constructed in a variety of materials; coursedCourse (architecture)
A course is a continuous horizontal layer of similarly-sized building material one unit high, usually in a wall. The term is almost always used in conjunction with unit masonry such as brick, cut stone, or concrete masonry units .-Styles:...
greenstone
Greenstone
Pounamu is several types of hard, durable and highly valued nephrite jade, bowenite, or serpentinite found in New Zealand. Pounamu is the Māori name. The rocks are also generically known as "greenstone" in New Zealand English....
, limestone
Limestone
Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed largely of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate . Many limestones are composed from skeletal fragments of marine organisms such as coral or foraminifera....
and ironstone
Ironstone
Ironstone is a sedimentary rock, either deposited directly as a ferruginous sediment or created by chemical repacement, that contains a substantial proportion of an iron compound from which iron either can be or once was smelted commercially. This term is customarily restricted to hard coarsely...
rubble
Rubble
Rubble is broken stone, of irregular size, shape and texture. This word is closely connected in derivation with "rubbish", which was formerly also applied to what we now call "rubble". Rubble naturally found in the soil is known also as brash...
, with limestone dressings. It contains some brick, and parts of it are rendered
Stucco
Stucco or render is a material made of an aggregate, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as decorative coating for walls and ceilings and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture...
. The roofs are in lead and slate
Slate
Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade regional metamorphism. The result is a foliated rock in which the foliation may not correspond to the original sedimentary layering...
, with ridge tiles. Its plan consists of a nave
Nave
In Romanesque and Gothic Christian abbey, cathedral basilica and church architecture, the nave is the central approach to the high altar, the main body of the church. "Nave" was probably suggested by the keel shape of its vaulting...
with a south aisle
Aisle
An aisle is, in general, a space for walking with rows of seats on both sides or with rows of seats on one side and a wall on the other...
and a south porch, a chancel
Chancel
In church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar in the sanctuary at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building...
with a southeast chapel, and a west tower. The tower dates from the late 12th century, and was raised in the 15th century. On its corners are large diagonal buttress
Buttress
A buttress is an architectural structure built against or projecting from a wall which serves to support or reinforce the wall...
es which were added in 1886, the southeast buttress containing a stair turret
Turret
In architecture, a turret is a small tower that projects vertically from the wall of a building such as a medieval castle. Turrets were used to provide a projecting defensive position allowing covering fire to the adjacent wall in the days of military fortification...
. The tower is in three stages with a battlement
Battlement
A battlement in defensive architecture, such as that of city walls or castles, comprises a parapet , in which portions have been cut out at intervals to allow the discharge of arrows or other missiles. These cut-out portions form crenels...
ed parapet
Parapet
A parapet is a wall-like barrier at the edge of a roof, terrace, balcony or other structure. Where extending above a roof, it may simply be the portion of an exterior wall that continues above the line of the roof surface, or may be a continuation of a vertical feature beneath the roof such as a...
and gargoyle
Gargoyle
In architecture, a gargoyle is a carved stone grotesque, usually made of granite, with a spout designed to convey water from a roof and away from the side of a building thereby preventing rainwater from running down masonry walls and eroding the mortar between...
s at the corners. In the bottom stage on the west side are two central lancet window
Lancet window
A lancet window is a tall narrow window with a pointed arch at its top. It acquired the "lancet" name from its resemblance to a lance. Instances of this architectural motif are most often found in Gothic and ecclesiastical structures, where they are often placed singly or in pairs.The motif first...
s, one above the other. In the middle stage are rectangular windows on the north, west and south sides, together with the outlines of blocked 12th-century round-headed bell openings on each side. The top stage, which dates from the 15th century, contains a pair of two-light bell openings on each side.
In the north wall of the nave are two single-light windows flanking a pointed doorway, and to the east of these are large three-light rectangular windows. The north wall of the chancel contains two pointed windows dating from about 1300, and two lancet windows. The east wall has a large pointed window, and in the south wall is a three-light rectangular window. Along the south wall of the aisle are pilaster
Pilaster
A pilaster is a slightly-projecting column built into or applied to the face of a wall. Most commonly flattened or rectangular in form, pilasters can also take a half-round form or the shape of any type of column, including tortile....
buttresses with larger buttress alongside, the latter being added in 1886. Towards the east end of the wall is a three-light pointed window dating from the 15th century. Along the rest of the wall are four windows with Y-tracery
Tracery
In architecture, Tracery is the stonework elements that support the glass in a Gothic window. The term probably derives from the 'tracing floors' on which the complex patterns of late Gothic windows were laid out.-Plate tracery:...
, and between the middle two of these is the porch. There is another similar window in the west wall of the aisle. The porch is gable
Gable
A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of a sloping roof. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system being used and aesthetic concerns. Thus the type of roof enclosing the volume dictates the shape of the gable...
d and dates from the 15th century. It has angle buttresses and a pointed doorway. Above the doorway is an inscription in Latin
Latin
Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
and shields. Inside the porch are benches. The doorway into the church dates from the 14th century.
Interior
The tower arch dates from the early 13th century. The arcadeArcade (architecture)
An arcade is a succession of arches, each counterthrusting the next, supported by columns or piers or a covered walk enclosed by a line of such arches on one or both sides. In warmer or wet climates, exterior arcades provide shelter for pedestrians....
is from about 1200, and is in four bays
Bay (architecture)
A bay is a unit of form in architecture. This unit is defined as the zone between the outer edges of an engaged column, pilaster, or post; or within a window frame, doorframe, or vertical 'bas relief' wall form.-Defining elements:...
, plus a smaller bay to the west. It has pointed arches carried on round piers
Pier (architecture)
In architecture, a pier is an upright support for a superstructure, such as an arch or bridge. Sections of wall between openings function as piers. The simplest cross section of the pier is square, or rectangular, although other shapes are also common, such as the richly articulated piers of Donato...
. The pointed chancel arch dates from the middle of the 12th century. There are panelled 14th-century screens between the nave and the chancel, and between the chancel and the chapel. The chancel has a double south arcade, an aumbry
Aumbry
In the Middle Ages an aumbry was a cabinet in the wall of a Christian church or in the sacristy which was used to store chalices and other vessels, as well as for the reserved sacrament, the consecrated elements from the Eucharist. This latter use was infrequent in pre-Reformation churches,...
in its north wall and a piscina
Piscina
A piscina is a shallow basin placed near the altar of a church, used for washing the communion vessels. The sacrarium is the drain itself. Anglicans usually refer to the basin, calling it a piscina. Roman Catholics usually refer to the drain, and by extension, the basin, as the sacrarium...
in the south wall. In the chapel is a carved stone reredos
Reredos
thumb|300px|right|An altar and reredos from [[St. Josaphat's Roman Catholic Church|St. Josaphat Catholic Church]] in [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]]. This would be called a [[retable]] in many other languages and countries....
. There are two pulpit
Pulpit
Pulpit is a speakers' stand in a church. In many Christian churches, there are two speakers' stands at the front of the church. Typically, the one on the left is called the pulpit...
s. One is in Jacobean
Jacobean architecture
The Jacobean style is the second phase of Renaissance architecture in England, following the Elizabethan style. It is named after King James I of England, with whose reign it is associated.-Characteristics:...
style and is ornately carved; the other dates from the early 17th century and was donated to the church by Oriel College, Oxford. Also in the church is an 18th-century box pew
Box pew
Box pew is a type of church pew that is encased in panelling and was prevalent in England and other Protestant countries from the 16th to early 19th century.-History in England:...
. The font
Baptismal font
A baptismal font is an article of church furniture or a fixture used for the baptism of children and adults.-Aspersion and affusion fonts:...
has a 13th-century octagonal bowl carried on 14th-century shafts, standing on a 15th-century richly carved octagonal base.
See also
- List of churches preserved by the Churches Conservation Trust in the East of England
- St Peter's Church, SaltfleetbySt Peter's Church, SaltfleetbySt Peter's Church, Saltfleetby, was an Anglican parish church in the village of Saltfleetby, Lincolnshire, England . Only the tower now survives...