Allur
Encyclopedia
Allur is a major village in Nellore district
in the state of Andhra Pradesh
, India
. It is also the headquarters of Allur Mandal
.
It is about 25 km north of Nellore
and 25 km south of Kavali
. The mandal is bounded by Bay of Bengal
on east, by Bitragunta
Mandal on north, Vidavalur
Mandal on south and Dagadarthi
Mandal on west. Part of the area is served by Pennar canals and the rest of the area is served by rainfed tanks. Most soils are red soils and low in Nitrogen, medium in Phosphorus, high in Carbon and high in Potash.
It was a station of a deputy tahlsidhar and sub megistrate in Nellore Taluk till 1910 and became part of Kovur Taluk after 1910. It had a jail used for short sentence prisoners up to a month and it was one of the 17 sub jails in the district. A sub registrar office to register documents and deeds was established in 1871 and it was one of the 14 sub registrar offices in district.
There were only pial elementary schools that teach Telugu reading, writing, poetry and basic math till 1868. In 1868, British government established a secondary school under 1864 Education Act and system of payments on results is introduced to increase school attendance. A dispensary was started in 1872. Boarding school for boys was opened in 1907.
Christian missionaries John E. Clough and Dr. Jewett visited Allur in 1869. A dwelling house and few acres of land were purchased for 1100 Rs/- and old travelers bunglaw was bought for 350 Rs/- and Allur was chosen as the fourth mission after Nellore, Ramayapatnam and Ongole in the district. An American Baptist church with 44 members was established in 1872 by Mr. Bullard. Mr. Bullard abandoned Allur mission in 1876 and made Allur as the outstation for Nellore mission. Resident missionaries were specially appointed to work at church since 1893. Rev W. S. Davis worked for two decades and according to his 1908 report, the total number of converts is 472.
Village has one ancient Siddeshwara or Siva temple and one ancient Gopalaswamy or Vishnu temple. There are illegible inscriptions on a pillar in front of the temple of Siddeswara and on the flooring in front of Gopalaswamy temple. A woman called Perantalamma died in Sati sacrifice and a temple was constructed in her memory.
Mosque was built in 1910. Communal troubles arose around 1924 over the right of Hindu processions to play music before Mosques until Hindus got a decree for permission in 1928. Gandhi visited Allur on December 30, 1933 as part of his coastal Andhra trip after Salt Satyagraha revolution.
The economical growth of the village is nominal and stagnated for many reasons. The village is not located on national highway and also has no train facility. So it did not attract any industries and also did not see any growth in real estate. Despite having junior college, most people are not educated or not motivated for higher studies and dependent on agriculture and labour. The educated migrate away to Nellore, Hyderabad or Bangalore to work in hotel and real estate industries. The people have less storage facilities for rice or salt until recently, and so are forced to export immediately for cheaper rates. The village is solely dependent on rains and monsoons, and is far from river Pennar. So people can not cultivate profitable crops like sugar cane etc. Because of adjacency to Bay of Bengal, cyclones and floods do unexpected damage to crops and fisheries. The recent political battle is whether to give license to new chemical industries. Supporters claim more jobs and the growth and infrastructure development. Critics claim that the wastage from the even faraway factories is leaking into lakes resulting in reduced drinking water quality, health problems and damage to crops and aquaculture.
List of Elected Members:
. The national highway is 7 miles (11.3 km) away at Kodavaluru. The sea is 3 miles (4.8 km) away at Iskapalle. Neareset airport is Tirupathi for National Flights and Chennai
for International Flights. The best way to reach Allur is by road from Nellore or Kavali
. The Andhra Pradesh state road transport runs lot of buses daily from either place to Allur.
In earlier days the local transport in the village is by bicycles or bullock carts, but nowadays autos and taxis are available.
, though English
is understood in parts of the place. Men wear traditional wear like Dhoti
/Lungi
as well as urban dress and women wear mostly Sarees.
It is really not a village by statistics. It is a place where both the environment of villages and towns will be seen. The festival celebrations, temples and religious activities like Shakti
Poleramma Jatara and mass holy sea baths during eclipses, traditions, rice fields, lakes and serene coastal areas give village appearance. Its telephone and communication facilities, schools, being the shopping centre and business place for adjacent villages, size of the area and population, interest in politics, lifestyle and attire make it look like a town. Since it is a major village consisting of educated people, the people from this village participated in freedom struggle enthusiastically and the village got its place in the history of Nellore district.
Allur is famous for rice cultivation and so some people call it as Pantala Allur. Rice produced from Allur and nearby villages is exported to neighbouring states such as Tamil Nadu and Karnataka.
, Diwali
and Dasara are celebrated, but Poleramma goddess procession is celebrated with hue and interest. Poleramma festival is celebrated on a Tuesday in the first half of January every year. The floors are decorated with rangavalli and village is decorated with lights and flowers. A heap of cooked rice is offered along with neem leaves in the morning. The deity is placed in a palanquin on a tiger or a swan and taken in a procession. The procession goes round the village by the music and dance. Traditional art forms like Burra katha
and other folk dances will also be organized. Fire crackers are used.
Nellore district
Sri Amarajeevi Potti Sri Ramulu Nellore District is one of the 23 districts of Andhra Pradesh. Nellore is famous for high paddy field, and so it got its name from "Nelli". The population of the district was 2,966,082 of which 22.45% were urban as of 2011....
in the state of Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh , is one of the 28 states of India, situated on the southeastern coast of India. It is India's fourth largest state by area and fifth largest by population. Its capital and largest city by population is Hyderabad.The total GDP of Andhra Pradesh is $100 billion and is ranked third...
, India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
. It is also the headquarters of Allur Mandal
Mandal
is a town and municipality in Vest-Agder county, Norway. The administrative center of the municipality is the town of Mandal.The town of Mandal was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838...
.
Geography
The village is located at 14°41′N 80°3′E.It is about 25 km north of Nellore
Nellore
Nellore , is a city and headquarters of Potti Sri Ramulu Nellore District, formerly Nellore district.And in the state of Andhra Pradesh. Ancient name of Nellore was "Vikrama Simhapuri"....
and 25 km south of Kavali
Kavali
For a village in Nellore district, see Kavali, Nellore.Kavali is the second largest town in Nellore district on the East Coast of India in the state of Andhra Pradesh on National Highway 5. It is one of the municipalities in Nellore district. Its position on the Grand Trunk Road...
. The mandal is bounded by Bay of Bengal
Bay of Bengal
The Bay of Bengal , the largest bay in the world, forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. It resembles a triangle in shape, and is bordered mostly by the Eastern Coast of India, southern coast of Bangladesh and Sri Lanka to the west and Burma and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands to the...
on east, by Bitragunta
Bitragunta
|-Bitragunta is a village in Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh, India. The village got its name when the British found good drinking water and named it "Better-gunta" which later became Bitragunta....
Mandal on north, Vidavalur
Vidavalur
Vidavalur is a village and a Mandal headquarters in Nellore district in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. - Mandal composition:Vidavalur Mandal consists of 14 panchayats:# Alaganipadu# Annareddypalem# Chowkacharla# Dampuru# Dandigunta...
Mandal on south and Dagadarthi
Dagadarthi
Dagadarthi is a village and a Mandal in Nellore district in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. - Mandal composition:Dagadarthi Mandal consists of 19 panchayats:# Ananthavaram # Bodagudipadu# Chennuru # Choutaputhedu # Dagadarthi # Damavaram...
Mandal on west. Part of the area is served by Pennar canals and the rest of the area is served by rainfed tanks. Most soils are red soils and low in Nitrogen, medium in Phosphorus, high in Carbon and high in Potash.
History
History of Allur is only available from Nellore District gazettes and few biographical notes from Christian missionaries. According to gazettes published during British time, Allur was largest land revenue generating town in district. It raised 53,000Rs/- in 1901. It was home for 3,677 people in 1873 and the population increased to 7,527 by 1901.It was a station of a deputy tahlsidhar and sub megistrate in Nellore Taluk till 1910 and became part of Kovur Taluk after 1910. It had a jail used for short sentence prisoners up to a month and it was one of the 17 sub jails in the district. A sub registrar office to register documents and deeds was established in 1871 and it was one of the 14 sub registrar offices in district.
There were only pial elementary schools that teach Telugu reading, writing, poetry and basic math till 1868. In 1868, British government established a secondary school under 1864 Education Act and system of payments on results is introduced to increase school attendance. A dispensary was started in 1872. Boarding school for boys was opened in 1907.
Christian missionaries John E. Clough and Dr. Jewett visited Allur in 1869. A dwelling house and few acres of land were purchased for 1100 Rs/- and old travelers bunglaw was bought for 350 Rs/- and Allur was chosen as the fourth mission after Nellore, Ramayapatnam and Ongole in the district. An American Baptist church with 44 members was established in 1872 by Mr. Bullard. Mr. Bullard abandoned Allur mission in 1876 and made Allur as the outstation for Nellore mission. Resident missionaries were specially appointed to work at church since 1893. Rev W. S. Davis worked for two decades and according to his 1908 report, the total number of converts is 472.
Village has one ancient Siddeshwara or Siva temple and one ancient Gopalaswamy or Vishnu temple. There are illegible inscriptions on a pillar in front of the temple of Siddeswara and on the flooring in front of Gopalaswamy temple. A woman called Perantalamma died in Sati sacrifice and a temple was constructed in her memory.
Mosque was built in 1910. Communal troubles arose around 1924 over the right of Hindu processions to play music before Mosques until Hindus got a decree for permission in 1928. Gandhi visited Allur on December 30, 1933 as part of his coastal Andhra trip after Salt Satyagraha revolution.
Economics
The main occupations of the village are agriculture, salt business and aquaculture. Crops are dependent on water from Allur tank with sources of water from rain in catchment and excess water from Pyderu. Its aquaculture and salt business is mainly centered at adjacent villages Iskapalle and Gogulapalle. Many hotel and real estate industrialists settled now in Hyderabad were raised in this area. Allur is also like a bridge between the surrounding villages and the rest of the world by providing banking, government offices and bus facilities to Nellore and Kavali.The economical growth of the village is nominal and stagnated for many reasons. The village is not located on national highway and also has no train facility. So it did not attract any industries and also did not see any growth in real estate. Despite having junior college, most people are not educated or not motivated for higher studies and dependent on agriculture and labour. The educated migrate away to Nellore, Hyderabad or Bangalore to work in hotel and real estate industries. The people have less storage facilities for rice or salt until recently, and so are forced to export immediately for cheaper rates. The village is solely dependent on rains and monsoons, and is far from river Pennar. So people can not cultivate profitable crops like sugar cane etc. Because of adjacency to Bay of Bengal, cyclones and floods do unexpected damage to crops and fisheries. The recent political battle is whether to give license to new chemical industries. Supporters claim more jobs and the growth and infrastructure development. Critics claim that the wastage from the even faraway factories is leaking into lakes resulting in reduced drinking water quality, health problems and damage to crops and aquaculture.
Divisions (Villages in Allur Mandal)
It is a major Panchayat and head quarters of a mandal(code 31) and a state assembly constituency(Seat 126).- Allur
- Alluru Peta
- Ananthabotlavari kandrika
- Batra kagollu
- Beeramgunta
- East Gogulapalli
- West Gogulapalli
- Graddagunta
- Indupuru
- Isakapalli
- Kalambotla Khandrika
- North Amuluru Gollapalem
- North Mopuru
- Purini
- Singapeta
- Velicharla
Assembly Constituency
Allur is an assembly constituency in Andhra Pradesh. There are 1,36,127 registered voters in Allur constituency in 1999 elections.List of Elected Members:
| year | name |
|---|---|
| 1978 | Giddaluru Sundara Ramaiah |
| 1983 | Bezawada Papireddy |
| 1985 | Jakka Venkaiah |
| 1989 | Katamreddy Vishnuvardhan Reddy |
| 1994 | Jakka Venkaiah |
| 1999 | Adala Prabhakar Reddy |
| 2004 | Katamreddy Vishnuvardhan Reddy |
| 2009 | Beeda Masthan rao |
Transport
Nearest railway station is 7 miles (11.3 km) away at BitraguntaBitragunta
|-Bitragunta is a village in Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh, India. The village got its name when the British found good drinking water and named it "Better-gunta" which later became Bitragunta....
. The national highway is 7 miles (11.3 km) away at Kodavaluru. The sea is 3 miles (4.8 km) away at Iskapalle. Neareset airport is Tirupathi for National Flights and Chennai
Chennai
Chennai , formerly known as Madras or Madarasapatinam , is the capital city of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, located on the Coromandel Coast off the Bay of Bengal. Chennai is the fourth most populous metropolitan area and the sixth most populous city in India...
for International Flights. The best way to reach Allur is by road from Nellore or Kavali
Kavali
For a village in Nellore district, see Kavali, Nellore.Kavali is the second largest town in Nellore district on the East Coast of India in the state of Andhra Pradesh on National Highway 5. It is one of the municipalities in Nellore district. Its position on the Grand Trunk Road...
. The Andhra Pradesh state road transport runs lot of buses daily from either place to Allur.
In earlier days the local transport in the village is by bicycles or bullock carts, but nowadays autos and taxis are available.
Demographics
The population of the village is around 45,000. Total population of Allur Mandal is 52,925 according to 2004 election results. Male population is 26,584 and females are 26,341, and children are 6,485. Literates are 28,377 and males among them are 15,788 and female literates are 12,589.Culture
People speak only TeluguTelugu language
Telugu is a Central Dravidian language primarily spoken in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India, where it is an official language. It is also spoken in the neighbouring states of Chattisgarh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Orissa and Tamil Nadu...
, though English
English language
English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...
is understood in parts of the place. Men wear traditional wear like Dhoti
Dhoti
The dhoti or pancha is the traditional men's garment in the in India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. A similar garment is worn in some rural areas of Punjab province in Pakistan, but the use is fast declining...
/Lungi
Lungi
The Lungi , also known as a sarong , is a traditional garment worn around the waist in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Burma, Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, the Horn of Africa and the southern Arabian Peninsula...
as well as urban dress and women wear mostly Sarees.
It is really not a village by statistics. It is a place where both the environment of villages and towns will be seen. The festival celebrations, temples and religious activities like Shakti
Shakti
Shakti from Sanskrit shak - "to be able," meaning sacred force or empowerment, is the primordial cosmic energy and represents the dynamic forces that are thought to move through the entire universe in Hinduism. Shakti is the concept, or personification, of divine feminine creative power, sometimes...
Poleramma Jatara and mass holy sea baths during eclipses, traditions, rice fields, lakes and serene coastal areas give village appearance. Its telephone and communication facilities, schools, being the shopping centre and business place for adjacent villages, size of the area and population, interest in politics, lifestyle and attire make it look like a town. Since it is a major village consisting of educated people, the people from this village participated in freedom struggle enthusiastically and the village got its place in the history of Nellore district.
Allur is famous for rice cultivation and so some people call it as Pantala Allur. Rice produced from Allur and nearby villages is exported to neighbouring states such as Tamil Nadu and Karnataka.
Festivals
SankrantiSankranti
Sankranthi means transmigration of Sun from one Rāshi to the other. Hence there are 12 such Sankrantis in all.* Makara Sankaranti: or Sankranti or Sankranthi marks the transition of...
, Diwali
Diwali
Diwali or DeepavaliThe name of the festival in various regional languages include:, , , , , , , , , , , , , popularly known as the "festival of lights," is a festival celebrated between mid-October and mid-December for different reasons...
and Dasara are celebrated, but Poleramma goddess procession is celebrated with hue and interest. Poleramma festival is celebrated on a Tuesday in the first half of January every year. The floors are decorated with rangavalli and village is decorated with lights and flowers. A heap of cooked rice is offered along with neem leaves in the morning. The deity is placed in a palanquin on a tiger or a swan and taken in a procession. The procession goes round the village by the music and dance. Traditional art forms like Burra katha
Burra katha
Burra katha, also spelled burrakatha, is a storytelling technique used in villages of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu in India. The troupe consists of one main performer and two co-performers. It is a narrative entertainment that consists of prayers, solo drama, dance, songs, poems and jokes...
and other folk dances will also be organized. Fire crackers are used.
Education
It boasts a school and Junior college named Ramakrishna Jr. College since 1930 and has been providing education for students for forty villages surrounding it. Rama Krishna Degree College is annexed in 1999. In addition, many upper primary schools provide education from 1st to 7th grade students.External links
- Mandal wise demographics in Nellore district
- Manual of Nellore district in Madras presidency Vol 4 by John Alexander Corris Boswell
- Gazetteer of the Nellore district brought up to 1938 by Government Of Madras Staff, Government of Madras