Alouatta coibensis coibensis is a subspecies of the Coiba Island howler

Coiba Island Howler

The Coiba Island howler is a species of howler monkey, a type of New World monkey, endemic to Panama. Although the Coiba Island howler is generally recognized as a separate species, mitochondrial DNA testing is inconclusive as to whether it is actually a subspecies of the mantled howler...

, A. coibensis. This subspecies lives only on Coiba Island and Jicaron, off the Pacific coast of Panama

Panama

Panama , officially the Republic of Panama , is the southernmost country of Central America. Situated on the isthmus connecting North and South America, it is bordered by Costa Rica to the northwest, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The...

. A. c. coibensis is smaller than other Central American howler monkey

Howler monkey

Howler monkeys are among the largest of the New World monkeys. Fifteen species are currently recognised. Previously classified in the family Cebidae, they are now placed in the family Atelidae. These monkeys are native to South and Central American forests...

s and has duller pelage than the Azuero howler, Alouatta coibensis trabeata.

Although generally considered a subspecies of A. coibensis, there is some debate within the scientific community as to whether A. coibensis itself is a valid species. If not, A. c. coibensis and A. c. trabeata would both be considered subspecies of the mantled howler

Mantled Howler

The mantled howler , or golden-mantled howling monkey, is a species of howler monkey, a type of New World monkey, from Central and South America. It is one of the monkey species most often seen and heard in the wild in Central America...

, A. palliata. In that case their trinomial names would be A. p. coibensis and A. p. trabeata, respectively.