Altanochir (1882-1949)
Encyclopedia
Altanochir was an Inner Mongolian prince, politician, and general under the Republic of China
and Mengjiang
governments. He served as deputy head of Yeke-juu League (today Ordos City
). An ethnic Mongol, he was a native of Right-Wing Rear Banner, Ordos (today administered as Hanggin Banner
, Ordos City
).
For short, he was sometimes referred to as Prince A or A Wang (from Chinese 阿王).
appointed him to his position as the deputy head of Yeke-juu League in 1919. He was also a soldier in the Republic of China's National Revolutionary Army
; in 1928 he became deputy commander (副司令) for the Baotou
region. In March 1934, he was appointed a member of the Nanjing
government's newly-established Mongolian Local Autonomous Political Committee. He sided with Prince Pandegunchab of Dörbed Banner, Ulanqab League in opposing the Mongol autonomy movement. He was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general in 1937.
However, he would join the pro-Japanese Mongol United Autonomous Government after its establishment in 1937. He took up the position of deputy head of Yeke-juu league under that government as well in February 1938. After the formation of the Mengjiang United Autonomous Government in October 1939, he became a member of the Mongol Revival Committee (興蒙委員會) and general commander of the Ordos Army (鄂爾多斯挺進軍). In 1947 after the war had ended, he returned to his position as deputy head of Yeke-juu league. In early 1949 he was named a member of the Mongol Autonomous Preparatory Committee (蒙古自治籌備委員會) at Dingyuanying (定遠營; today Bayan Hot, Alxa League
); he died there on 16 April 1949.
Republic of China
The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...
and Mengjiang
Mengjiang
Mengjiang , also known in English as Mongol Border Land, was an autonomous area in Inner Mongolia, operating under nominal Chinese sovereignty and Japanese control. It consisted of the then-Chinese provinces of Chahar and Suiyuan, corresponding to the central part of modern Inner Mongolia...
governments. He served as deputy head of Yeke-juu League (today Ordos City
Ordos City
Ordos is one of the twelve major subdivisions of Inner Mongolia, China. It is located within the Ordos Loop of the Yellow River. Although mainly rural, Ordos is administered as a prefecture-level city...
). An ethnic Mongol, he was a native of Right-Wing Rear Banner, Ordos (today administered as Hanggin Banner
Hanggin Banner
Hanggin Banner is a banner in the southwest of Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China, bordering Dalad Banner to the east, Otog Banner to the southwest, and Bayan Nur to the north. It is under the administration of Ordos City.-References:*...
, Ordos City
Ordos City
Ordos is one of the twelve major subdivisions of Inner Mongolia, China. It is located within the Ordos Loop of the Yellow River. Although mainly rural, Ordos is administered as a prefecture-level city...
).
Names
His Mongolian name may be spelled two different ways, with a variety of transcriptions of his Mongolian name into Chinese characters:- Altanochir or Altan Ochir , his Mongolian name
- Altanvachir or Altan Vachir , an earlier transcription of his Mongolian name
For short, he was sometimes referred to as Prince A or A Wang (from Chinese 阿王).
Career
Yuan ShikaiYuan Shikai
Yuan Shikai was an important Chinese general and politician famous for his influence during the late Qing Dynasty, his role in the events leading up to the abdication of the last Qing Emperor of China, his autocratic rule as the second President of the Republic of China , and his short-lived...
appointed him to his position as the deputy head of Yeke-juu League in 1919. He was also a soldier in the Republic of China's National Revolutionary Army
National Revolutionary Army
The National Revolutionary Army , pre-1928 sometimes shortened to 革命軍 or Revolutionary Army and between 1928-1947 as 國軍 or National Army was the Military Arm of the Kuomintang from 1925 until 1947, as well as the national army of the Republic of China during the KMT's period of party rule...
; in 1928 he became deputy commander (副司令) for the Baotou
Baotou
Baotou is a mid-sized industrial city in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. Governed as a prefecture-level city, its urban areas are home to a population of approximately 1.78 million, with a total population of over 2.65 million accounting for counties under...
region. In March 1934, he was appointed a member of the Nanjing
Nanjing
' is the capital of Jiangsu province in China and has a prominent place in Chinese history and culture, having been the capital of China on several occasions...
government's newly-established Mongolian Local Autonomous Political Committee. He sided with Prince Pandegunchab of Dörbed Banner, Ulanqab League in opposing the Mongol autonomy movement. He was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general in 1937.
However, he would join the pro-Japanese Mongol United Autonomous Government after its establishment in 1937. He took up the position of deputy head of Yeke-juu league under that government as well in February 1938. After the formation of the Mengjiang United Autonomous Government in October 1939, he became a member of the Mongol Revival Committee (興蒙委員會) and general commander of the Ordos Army (鄂爾多斯挺進軍). In 1947 after the war had ended, he returned to his position as deputy head of Yeke-juu league. In early 1949 he was named a member of the Mongol Autonomous Preparatory Committee (蒙古自治籌備委員會) at Dingyuanying (定遠營; today Bayan Hot, Alxa League
Alxa League
Alxa League is one of 12 prefecture level divisions and three extant leagues of Inner Mongolia. The league borders Mongolia to the north, Bayan Nur to the northeast, Wuhai and Ordos to the east, Ningxia to the southeast, and Gansu to the south and west. The capital is Bayan Hot in the aimag's...
); he died there on 16 April 1949.
External links
- Profile on generals.dk