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American Civil War bibliography
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The American Civil War bibliography is vast, with over 60,000 books on the American Civil War
American Civil War
The American Civil War was a civil war fought in the United States of America. In response to the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, 11 southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America ; the other 25...

, with many more appearing each year.
There is no complete bibliography to the war; the most comprehensive guide to useful books is over 40 years old and lists thousands of titles.. Many specialized topics such as Abraham Lincoln, women, and medicine have their own lengthy bibliographies. The books on major campaigns typically contain their own specialized guides to the sources and literature. The most comprehensive guide to the historiography annotates over a thousand titles.

This is a selected, annotated list of the most useful titles. The emphasis is on recent publications since 2000.

For a guide to the bibliography see:
  • Steven E. Woodworth, ed. The American Civil War: A Handbook of Literature and Research. Greenwood Press. 1996. 756pp excerpt and text search


For a guide to web sources see:
  • Alice E. Carter and Richard Jensen. The Civil War on the Web: A Guide to the Very Best Sites—Completely Revised and Updated (2003)


For an older short survey that is online and won the Pulitzer prize (1918), see:
  • Rhodes, James Ford
    James Ford Rhodes
    James Ford Rhodes , was an American industrialist and historian born in Cleveland, Ohio.He attended New York University beginning in 1865. He also attended the Collège de France. During his studies in Europe he visited ironworks and steelworks...

    . A History of the Civil War, 1861-1865


For the most recent surveys see:
  • Fellman, Michael et al. This Terrible War: The Civil War and its Aftermath (2nd. ed. 2007), 544 pages
  • Donald, David et al. The Civil War and Reconstruction (2001); 700 pages (1989 Pulitzer Prize
    1989 Pulitzer Prize
    -Journalism awards:*Public Service:**Anchorage Daily News, for reporting about the high incidence of alcoholism and suicide among native Alaskans in a series that focused attention on their despair and resulted in various reforms.*General News Reporting:...

    ) online edition

Surveys and reference books

  • Beringer, Richard E., Archer Jones, and Herman Hattaway, Why the South Lost the Civil War (1986) influential analysis of factors; also, The Elements of Confederate Defeat: Nationalism, War Aims, and Religion (1988), abridged version
  • Catton, Bruce
    Bruce Catton
    Charles Bruce Catton was an American historian and journalist, best known for his books on the American Civil War. Known as a narrative historian, Catton specialized in popular histories that emphasized colorful characters and historical vignettes, in addition to the basic facts, dates, and analyses...

    , The Civil War, American Heritage, 1960, ISBN 0-8281-0305-4, illustrated narrative
  • Catton, Bruce. This Hallowed Ground: The Story of the Union Side of the Civil War 1956 online edition
  • Davis, William C. The Imperiled Union, 1861-1865 3v (1983)
  • Faust, Patricia L. (ed.) Historical Times Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Civil War (1986) (ISBN 0-06-181261-7) 2000 short entries
  • Ford, Lacy K., ed. A Companion to the Civil War and Reconstruction. Blackwell, 2005. 518 pp. 23 essays by scholars excerpt and text search
  • Heidler, David Stephen, ed. Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History (2002), 1600 entries in 2700 pages in 5 vol or 1-vol editions
  • Hughes, Mark. The New Civil War Handbook: Facts and Photos for Readers of All Ages. (2009) (ISBN 1-932714-62-6)
  • McPherson, James M. Ordeal by Fire: the Civil War and Reconstruction. (1992), uses modernization interpretation; the text is different from his Battle Cry book
  • Nevins, Allan
    Allan Nevins
    Allan Nevins was an American historian and journalist, renowned for his extensive work on the history of the Civil War and his biographies of such figures as President Grover Cleveland, Hamilton Fish, Henry Ford, and John D. Rockefeller.-Life:Born in Camp Point, Illinois, Nevins was educated at...

    . Ordeal of the Union
    Ordeal of the Union
    Ordeal of the Union, an eight-volume set on the American Civil War by Allan Nevins, is one of the author's greatest works, ending only with his death...

    , an 8-volume set (1947–1971). the most detailed political, economic and military narrative; by Pulitzer Prize winner
  1. Fruits of Manifest Destiny, 1847-1852
  2. A House Dividing, 1852-1857
  3. Douglas, Buchanan, and Party Chaos, 1857-1859
  4. Prologue to Civil War, 1859-1861
  5. The Improvised War, 1861-1862
  6. War Becomes Revolution, 1862-1863
  7. The Organized War, 1863-1864
  8. The Organized War to Victory, 1864-1865
    • Rhodes, James Ford. History of the United States from the Compromise of 1850 (1920 and numerous editions) his 5-volume history of the war vol 1-7 online at Google.books.com
    • Rhodes, James Ford. A History of the Civil War, 1861-1865, Pulitzer Prize; a short version of his 5-volume history
    • Wagner, Margaret E. Gary W. Gallagher, and Paul Finkelman, eds. The Library of Congress Civil War Desk Reference (2002)

Maps, photographs, environment

  • Brady, Lisa M. "The Wilderness of War: Nature and Strategy in the American Civil War," Environmental History 10, no. 3 (July 2005): 421-447
  • Esposito, Vincent J., West Point Atlas of American Wars, Frederick A. Praeger, 1959.
  • Kirby, Jack Temple. "The American Civil War: An Environmental View," online
  • Swanson, Mark. Atlas of the Civil War: Month By Month. U. of Georgia Press, 2004. 141 pp.
  • Ward, Geoffrey C.
    Geoffrey Ward
    Geoffrey Champion Ward is an author and screenwriter of various documentary presentations of American history. He graduated from Oberlin College in 1962.He was an editor of American Heritage magazine early in his career...

     The Civil War (1990), based on PBS series by Ken Burns
    Ken Burns
    Kenneth Lauren "Ken" Burns is an American director and producer of documentary films, known for his style of using archival footage and photographs...

    ; visual emphasis

Battles: surveys, strategies, tactics

  • Blair, Jayne E. The Essential Civil War: A Handbook to the Battles, Armies, Navies And Commanders (2006)
  • Boritt, Gabor S. ed. Why the Confederacy Lost (1992), essays by scholars
  • Connelly, Thomas L., "Robert E. Lee and the Western Confederacy: A Criticism of Lee's Strategic Ability." Civil War History 15 (June 1969): 116-32
  • Eicher, David J., The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War, (2001), ISBN 0-684-84944-5.
  • Foote, Shelby
    Shelby Foote
    Shelby Dade Foote, Jr. was an American historian and novelist who wrote The Civil War: A Narrative, a massive, three-volume history of the war. With geographic and cultural roots in the Mississippi Delta, Foote's life and writing paralleled the radical shift from the agrarian planter system of the...

    . The Civil War: A Narrative
    The Civil War: A Narrative
    The Civil War: A Narrative is a three volume, 2,968-page, 1.2 million-word history of the American Civil War by Shelby Foote. Although previously known as a novelist, Foote is most famous for this non-fictional narrative history. While it touches on political and social themes, the main thrust of...

     (3 volumes), (1974), famous narrative of every major campaign
  • Goss, Thomas J. The War within the Union High Command: Politics and Generalship during the Civil War. U. Press of Kansas, 2003. 320 pp.
  • Polsky, Andrew J. "'Mr. Lincoln's Army' Revisited: Partisanship, Institutional Position, and Union Army Command, 1861–1865." Studies in American Political Development (2002), 16: 176-207
  • Royster, Charles . Destructive War: William Tecumseh Sherman, Stonewall Jackson, and the American Civil War (1992)
  • Simpson, Brooks D, "Continuous Hammering and Mere Attrition: Lost Cause Critics and the Military Reputation of Ulysses S. Grant," in Cad Gallagher and Alan T. Nolan, eds., The Myth of the Lost Cause and Civil War History, (2000)
  • Weigley, Russell Frank. A Great Civil War: A Military and Political History, 1861-1865 (2004); primarily military
  • Williams, Kenneth P. . Lincoln Finds a General: A Military Study of the Civil War (1959) 5 volumes on Lincoln's control of the war
  • Williams, T. Harry. Lincoln and His Generals (1967).

Battles and campaigns: East

  • Beatie, Russel H. Army of the Potomac. Vol. 2: McClellan Takes Command, September 1861-February 1862. Da Capo, 2004. 636 pp.
  • Brown, Kent Masterson. Retreat from Gettysburg: Lee, Logistics, and the Pennsylvania Campaign. U. of North Carolina Press, 2005.
  • Cavanaugh, Michael A., and William Marvel, The Petersburg Campaign: The Battle of the Crater: "The Horrid Pit," June 25-August 6, 1864 (1989)
  • Coddington, Edwin B. The Gettysburg Campaign: A Study in Command (1968)
  • Coffey, David. Sheridan's Lieutenants: Phil Sheridan, His Generals, and the Final Year of the Civil War. Rowman & Littlefield, 2005. 173 pp.
  • Cozzens, Peter, ed. Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. Vol. 6. U. of Illinois Press., 2004. 608 pp.
  • Davis, William C. Battle at Bull Run: A History of the First Major Campaign of the Civil War (1977).
  • Davis, William C. Death in the Trenches: Grant at Petersburg (1986).
  • Detzer, David. Donnybrook: The Battle of Bull Run, 1861. Harcourt, 2004. 490 pp.
  • Dowdey, Clifford. The Seven Days 1964.
  • Freeman, Douglas S.
    Douglas S. Freeman
    Douglas Southall Freeman was an American historian, biographer, newspaper editor, and author. He is best known for his multi-volume biographies of Robert E...

    , Lee's Lieutenants: A Study in Command (3 volumes), (1946). vol 1 from 1861 to the Seven Days' Battles; Vol 2 from Cedar Mountain to Chancellorsville, August 1862-May 1863; vol 3 to end of war.
  • Ernest B. Furgurson. Chancellorsville 1863: The Souls of the Brave (1992)
  • Gallagher, Gary W.; Lee & His Army in Confederate History University of North Carolina Press, 2001
  • Gallagher, Gary W., ed. The Shenandoah Valley Campaign of 1864. U. of North Carolina Press, 2006. 392 pp.
  • Grimsley, Mark, And Keep Moving On: The Virginia Campaign, May–June 1864 University of Nebraska Press, 2002.
  • Harsh, Joseph L. Taken at the Flood: Robert E. Lee and Confederate Strategy in the Maryland Campaign of 1862 Kent State University Press, 1999
  • Hennessy, John J. Return to Bull Run: The Campaign and Battle of Second Manassas (1993).
  • Johnson, R. U., and Buel, C. C., eds., Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. 4 vols. 1888; essays by leading generals of both sides; online edition
  • Luvaas, Jay and Harold W. Nelson, ed. The U.S. Army War College Guide to the Battle of Antietam: The Maryland Campaign of 1862 (1987), narratve, with excerpts from primary sources
    • Jay Luvaas and Harold Nelson. The U.S. Army War College Guide to the Battles of Chancellorsville and Fredericksburg (1988)
    • Jay Luvaas and Harold W. Nelson. The U.S. Army War College Guide to the Battle of Gettysburg (1986)
  • McWhiney, Grady, Battle in the Wilderness: Grant Meets Lee (1995)
  • Maney, R. Wayne, Marching to Cold Harbor. Victory and Failure, 1864 (1994).
  • Marvel, William. Lee's Last Retreat: The Flight to Appomattox. University of North Carolina Press, 2002.
  • Matter, William D., If It Takes All Summer: The Battle of Spotsylvania (1988)
  • Miller, J. Michael, The North Anna Campaign: "Even to Hell Itself," May 21–26, 1864 (1989).
  • Murfin, James V. The Gleam of Bayonets: The Battle of Antietam and the Maryland Campaign of 1862 (1965)
  • Pfanz, Harry W. Gettysburg: The Second Day (1987)
  • Rhea, Gordon C., The Battle of the Wilderness May 5–6, 1864, Louisiana State University Press, 1994, ISBN 0-8071-1873-7.
  • Rhea, Gordon C., The Battles for Spotsylvania Court House and the Road to Yellow Tavern May 7–12, 1864, Louisiana State University Press, 1997, ISBN 0-8071-2136-3.
  • Rhea, Gordon C., To the North Anna River: Grant and Lee, May 13–25, 1864, Louisiana State University Press, 2000, ISBN 0-8071-2535-0.
  • Rhea, Gordon C., Cold Harbor: Grant and Lee, May 26 – June 3, 1864, Louisiana State University Press, 2002, ISBN 0-8071-2803-1.
  • Sears, Stephen W. To the Gates of Richmond: The Peninsula Campaign (1992).
  • Sears, Stephen W. Landscape Turned Red: The Battle of Antietam (1983)
  • Starr, Stephen Z. The Union Cavalry in the Civil War 3 vol (1979, 1981),
  • Steere, Edward, The Wilderness Campaign (1960)
  • Swanberg, W. A. First Blood: The Story of Fort Sumter (1957)
  • Tanner, Robert G. Stonewall in the Valley: Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's Shenandoah Valley Campaign Spring 1862 (1976)
  • Tucker, Glenn. High Tide at Gettysburg: The Campaign in Pennsylvania (1958).
  • Whan Jr., Vorin E. Fiasco at Fredericksburg (1961),
  • Woodworth, Steven E. Beneath a Northern Sky: A Short History of the Gettysburg Campaign. Scholarly Resources, 2003. 241 pp.

Battles and campaigns: West

  • Bailey, Anne J. War and Ruin: William T. Sherman and the Savannah Campaign. Scholarly Resources, 2003. 152 pp.
  • Ballard, Michael B., Vicksburg, The Campaign that Opened the Mississippi, University of North Carolina Press, 2004.
  • Bearss, Edwin C., The Vicksburg Campaign, 3 volumes, Morningside Press, 1991, ISBN 0-89029-308-2.
  • Carter, Samuel III, The Final Fortress: The Campaign for Vicksburg, 1862–1863 (1980)
  • Catton, Bruce, Grant Moves South, 1960, ISBN 0-316-13207-1;
  • Connelly, Thomas L., "Robert E. Lee and the Western Confederacy: A Criticism of Lee's Strategic Ability." Civil War History 15 (June 1969): 116-32
  • Cozzens, Peter, ed. Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. Vol. 6. U. of Illinois Press., 2004. 608 pp.
  • Daniel, Larry. Cannoneers in Gray: The Field Artillery of the Army of Tennessee. U. of Alabama Press, 2005. 288 pp.
  • Daniel, Larry J. Days of Glory: The Army of the Cumberland, 1861-1865. Louisiana State U. Press, 2004. 490 pp.
  • Burke Davis. Sherman's March: The First Full-Length Narrative of General William T. Sherman's Devastating March through Georgia and the Carolinas (1988)
  • Engle, Stephen D. Struggle for the Heartland: The Campaigns from Fort Henry to Corinth (2001)
  • Gilmore, Donald L. Civil War on the Missouri-Kansas Border. Pelican, 2006. 384 pp.
  • Gott, Kendall D., Where the South Lost the War: An Analysis of the Fort Henry-Fort Donelson Campaign, February 1862, Stackpole Books, 2003, ISBN 0-8117-0049-6.
  • Groom, Winston. Shiloh, 1862: The First Great and Terrible Battle of the Civil War (2011)
  • Johnson, R. U., and Buel, C. C., eds., Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. 4 vols. 1888; essays by leading generals of both sides; online edition
  • Lepa, Jack H. The Civil War in Tennessee, 1862-1863 (2007)
  • McDonough, James Lee, Chattanooga: A Death Grip on the Confederacy (1984).
  • McDonough, James Lee. Nashville: The Western Confederacy's Final Gamble. U. of Tennessee Press, 2004. 358 pp.
  • McKnight, Brian D. Contested Borderland: The Civil War in Appalachian Kentucky and Virginia. U. Press of Kentucky, 2006. 312 pp.
  • Marszalek, John F. Sherman's March To The Sea (2005)
  • Miers, Earl Schenck., The Web of Victory: Grant at Vicksburg. 1955.
  • Prushankin, Jeffery S. A Crisis in Confederate Command: Edmund Kirby Smith, Richard Taylor, and the Army of the Trans-Mississippi. Louisiana State U. Press, 2005. 308 pp.
  • Shea, William L. and Winschel, Terrence J. Vicksburg is the Key: The Struggle for the Mississippi River. U. of Nebraska Press, 2003. 232 pp
  • Woodworth, Stephen E. Jefferson Davis and His Generals: The Failure of Confederate Command in the West (1990)
  • Woodworth, Stephen E. Decision in the Heartland: The Civil War in the West (2011)
  • Woodworth, Stephen E. Six Armies in Tennessee: The Chickamauga and Chattanooga Campaigns (1998) excerpt and text search

Naval history

  • Anderson, Bern. By Sea and by River (1962) survey
  • Bennett, Michael J. Union Jacks: Yankee Sailors in the Civil War. U. of North Carolina Press, 2004. 352 pp.
  • Fowler, William M. Under Two Flags (1990),
  • Holzer, Harold and Mulligan, Tim, ed. The Battle of Hampton Roads: New Perspectives on the USS Monitor and CSS Virginia. Fordham U. Press, 2006. 222 pp.
  • Merrill, James M. The Rebel Shore (1957), on Union navy
  • Roberts, William H. Now for the Contest: Coastal and Oceanic Naval Operations in the Civil War. U. of Nebraska Press, 2004. 272 pp.
  • Stern, Philip Van Doren. The Confederate Navy: A Pictorial History (1962)
  • Weddle, Kevin J. Lincoln's Tragic Admiral: The Life of Samuel Francis Du Pont. U. of Virginia Press, 2005. 269 pp.
  • Whittle, William C. The Voyage of the CSS Shenandoah: A Memorable Cruise. U. of Alabama Press, 2005. 255 pp.

Technology and weapons

  • Bilby, Joseph G. A Revolution in Arms: A History of the First Repeating Rifles. Westholme, 2006. 270 pp.
  • Bruce, Robert V. Lincoln and the Tools of War (1956) on weapons development during the war online edition
  • Griffith, Paddy. Battle Tactics of the Civil War, Yale University Press, 1989, ISBN 0-300-08461-7. 219 pages.
  • Hazlett, James C.; Olmstead, Edwin; and Parks, M. Hume. Field Artillery Weapons of the Civil War. U. of Illinois Press, 2004. 322 pp
  • Hess, Earl J. Field Armies and Fortification in the Civil War: The Eastern Campaigns, 1861-1864. U. of North Carolina Press, 2005. 428 pp.
  • Tucker, Spencer. Arming the Fleet. U.S. Ordnance in the Muzzle-Loading Era (1988)
  • Turner, George Edgar. Victory Rode the Rails: The Strategic Place of the Railroads in the Civil War (1953)

Medical

  • Adams, George Worthington. Doctors in Blue: The Medical History of the Union Army in the Civil War (1961)
  • Cunningham, Horace Herndon. Doctors in Gray: The Confederate Medical Service (1958)
  • Flannery, Michael A. Civil War Pharmacy: A History of Drugs, Drug Supply and Provision, and Therapeutics for the Union and Confederacy. London: Pharmaceutical Press, 2004. 347 pp.
  • Flannery, Michael A. "Civil War Medicine: Approaches for Teaching." Magazine of History 2005 19(5): 41-43. Issn: 0882-228x Fulltext: in Ebsco
  • Green, Carol C. Chimborazo: The Confederacy's Largest Hospital. U. of Tennessee Press, 2004. 200 pp.
  • Lande, R. Gregory. Madness, Malingering, and Malfeasance: The Transformation of Psychiatry and the Law in the Civil War Era. Brassey's, 2003. 233 pp.
  • Rutkow, Ira M. Bleeding Blue and Gray: Civil War Surgery and the Evolution of American Medicine. Random House, 2005. 394 pp.
  • Schultz, Jane E. Women at the Front: Hospital Workers in Civil War America. U. of North Carolina Press, 2004. 360 pp.

Causes of the war

  • Ashworth, John. Slavery, Capitalism, and Politics in the Antebellum Republic. (1995)
  • Ayers, Edward L. What Caused the Civil War? Reflections on the South and Southern History. Norton, 2005. 222 pp.
  • Craven, Avery, "The Coming of the War Between the States," Journal of Southern History 2 (August 1936): 30-63; in JSTOR
  • Donald, David. "An Excess of Democracy: The Civil War and the Social Process" in David Donald, Lincoln Reconsidered: Essays on the Civil War Era, 2d ed. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1966), 209-35.
  • Foner, Eric. "The Causes of the American Civil War: Recent Interpretations and New Directions." In Beyond the Civil War Synthesis: Political Essays of the Civil War Era, edited by Robert P. Swierenga. 1975.
  • Holt, Michael F. The Political Crisis of the 1850s. (1978) emphasis on political parties and voters
  • Olsen, Christopher J. Political Culture and Secession in Mississippi: Masculinity, Honor, and the Antiparty Tradition, 1830-1860" (2000), cultural interpretation
  • Potter, David The Impending Crisis 1848-1861. (1976), Pulitzer Prize-winning history emphasizing rise of Southern nationalism
  • Randall, James G. "A Blundering Generation," Mississippi Valley Historical Review 27#1 (June 1940): 3-28 in JSTOR
  • Stampp, Kenneth M. America in 1857: A Nation on the Brink (1990)
  • Stampp, Kenneth M. And the War Came: The North and the Secession Crisis, 1860-1861 (1950), narrative

Constitutional and legal

  • Hyman Harold. "A More Perfect Union ": The Impact of the Civil War and Reconstruction on the Constitution (1973)
  • Neely; Mark E., Jr. The Fate of Liberty: Abraham Lincoln and Civil Liberties (1991).
  • Neely, Jr., Mark E. Lincoln and the Triumph of the Nation: Constitutional Conflict in the American Civil War (U of North Carolina Press; 2011); 408 covers the U.S. and the Confederate constitutions and their role in the conflict.
  • Paludan, Phillip S. "The American Civil War Considered as a Crisis in Law and Order," American Historical Review, Vol. 77, No. 4 (Oct., 1972), pp. 1013-1034 in JSTOR
  • Randall, James G. Constitutional Problems under Lincoln (1926)

Slavery topics

  • Huston, James L. Calculating the Value of the Union: Slavery, Property Rights, and the Economic Origins of the Civil War. (2003)
  • Luraghi, Raimondo, "The Civil War and the Modernization of American Society: Social Structure and Industrial Revolution in the Old South Before and During the War," Civil War History XVIII (Sept. 1972). in JSTOR
  • Mitchell, Charles W. "Maryland Voices of the Civil War" (2007) (Part 3)
  • Morrison, Michael. Slavery and the American West: The Eclipse of Manifest Destiny and the Coming of the Civil War (1997)
  • Morrow, Ralph E. "The Proslavery Argument Revisited," The Mississippi Valley Historical Review, Vol. 48, No. 1. (Jun., 1961), pp. 79–94. in JSTOR
  • Ramsdell, Charles W. "The Natural Limits of Slavery Expansion," Mississippi Valley Historical Review, 16 (Sept. 1929), 151-71, in JSTOR says slavery had almost reached its outer limits of growth by 1860, so war was unnecessary to stop further growth. online version
  • Russo, Peggy A. and Finkelman, Paul, eds. Terrible Swift Sword: The Legacy of John Brown. Ohio U. Press, 2005. 228 pp.

International affairs

  • Blumenthal, Henry. "Confederate Diplomacy: Popular Notions and International Realities," Journal of Southern History, Vol. 32, No. 2 (May, 1966), pp. 151–171 in JSTOR
  • Case, Lynn Marshall. The United States and France: Civil War Diplomacy. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1970.
  • Crook, D. P. Diplomacy During the American Civil War. New York: Wiley, 1975.
  • Daddysman, James W. The Matamoros Trade: Confederate Commerce, Diplomacy, and Intrigue. Newark: University of Delaware Press, 1984.
  • Ferris, Norman B. Desperate Diplomacy: William H. Seward's Foreign Policy, 1861. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1976.
  • Foreman, Amanda. A World on Fire: Britain’s Crucial Role in the American Civil War (Random House, 2011), 958 pp.

    • Geoffrey Wheatcroft, "How the British Nearly Supported the Confederacy," New York Times Sunday Book Review June 30, 2011 online
  • Hubbard, Charles M. The Burden of Confederate Diplomacy (1998)
  • Hyman, Harold Melvin. Heard Round the World; the Impact Abroad of the Civil War. New York: Knopf, 1969.
  • Jenkins, Brian. Britain & the War for the Union. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1974.
  • Jones, Howard. Blue and Gray Diplomacy: A History of Union and Confederate Foreign Relations (2009) excerpt and text search
  • Jones, Howard. Union in Peril: The Crisis over British Intervention in the Civil War (1992)
  • Jones, Howard. Abraham Lincoln and a New Birth of Freedom: the Union and slavery in the diplomacy of the Civil War, (1999)
  • Merli, Frank J. The Alabama, British Neutrality, and the American Civil War. Indiana U. Press, 2004. 225 pp.
  • Owsley, Frank Lawrence. King Cotton Diplomacy: Foreign relations of the Confederate States of America (1931)
  • Sainlaude, Stève The Imperial Government and the American Civil War, the diplomatic action Paris, L'Harmattan, 2011 http://www.editions-harmattan.fr/index.asp?navig=auteurs&obj=artiste&no=20526
  • Sainlaude, Stève France and the Confederacy (1861-1865)" Paris, L'Harmattan, 2011

Union military leaders

  • American National Biography 24 vol (1999), essays by scholars on all major figures; online and hardcover editions at many libraries
  • Castel, Albert, with Brooks D. Simpson. Victors in Blue: How Union Generals Fought the Confederates, Battled Each Other, and Won the Civil War (U. Press of Kansas; 2011) 362 pages; examines the rivalries of top commanders and evaluates the source of their victories, whether, for example, skill, enemy blundering, or chance.
  • McHenry, Robert ed. Webster's American Military Biographies (1978)
  • Warner, Ezra J., Generals in Blue: Lives of the Union Commanders, (1964), ISBN 0-8071-0822-7

----
  • Bunting III, Josiah. Ulysses S. Grant (2004) ISBN 0-8050-6949-6
  • Catton, Bruce
    Bruce Catton
    Charles Bruce Catton was an American historian and journalist, best known for his books on the American Civil War. Known as a narrative historian, Catton specialized in popular histories that emphasized colorful characters and historical vignettes, in addition to the basic facts, dates, and analyses...

    . Grant Takes Command, 1968
  • Catton, Bruce
    Bruce Catton
    Charles Bruce Catton was an American historian and journalist, best known for his books on the American Civil War. Known as a narrative historian, Catton specialized in popular histories that emphasized colorful characters and historical vignettes, in addition to the basic facts, dates, and analyses...

    . U. S. Grant and the American Military Tradition (1954)
  • Conger, A. L. The Rise of U.S. Grant (1931)
  • Drake, William F. Little Phil: The Story of General Philip Henry Sheridan. Biographical Press, 2005. 658 pp.
  • Fuller, Maj. Gen. J. F. C., Grant and Lee, A Study in Personality and Generalship, Indiana University Press, 1957.
  • Korda, Michael. Ulysses S. Grant: The Unlikely Hero (2004) 161 pp
  • Marszalek, John F. Commander of All Lincoln's Armies: A Life of General Henry W. Halleck. Harvard U. Press, 2004. 324 pp
  • Rafuse, Ethan S. McClellan's War: The Failure of Moderation in the Struggle for the Union. Indiana U. Press, 2005. 525 pp.

Confederate military leaders

  • American National Biography 24 vol (1999), essays by scholars on all major figures; online and hardcover editions at many libraries
  • Current, Richard N., et al. eds. Encyclopedia of the Confederacy (1993) (4 Volume set; also 1 vol abridged version)
  • Warner, Ezra J., Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders, (1959), ISBN 0-8071-0823-5

----
  • Ashdown, Paul and Caudill, Edward. The Myth of Nathan Bedford Forrest. Rowman & Littlefield, 2005. 218 pp.
  • Carmichael, Peter S., ed. Audacity Personified: The Generalship of Robert E. Lee. Louisiana State U. Press, 2004. 174 pp.
  • Casdorph, Paul D. Confederate General R. S. Ewell: Robert E. Lee's Hesitant Commander. U. Press of Kentucky, 2004. 474 pp.
  • DiNardo, Richard L. and Albert A. Nofi. James Longstreet: The Man, the Soldier, the Controversy (2001)
  • Fellman, Michael. The Making of Robert E. Lee. (2000)
  • Freeman, Douglas S.
    Douglas S. Freeman
    Douglas Southall Freeman was an American historian, biographer, newspaper editor, and author. He is best known for his multi-volume biographies of Robert E...

    , R. E. Lee, A Biography (4 volumes), Scribners, 1934 (online in its entirety). The longest and most influential biography, by Pulitzer prize winner
  • Fuller, Maj. Gen. J. F. C., Grant and Lee, A Study in Personality and Generalship, Indiana University Press, 1957.
  • Gallagher, Gary W.; Lee the Soldier University of Nebraska Press, 1996
  • Gallagher, Gary W.; and Joseph T. Glatthaar. Leaders of the Lost Cause: New Perspectives on the Confederate High Command (2004)
  • Henderson, G.F.R. Stonewall Jackson and the American Civil War (1943) * Reid, Brian Holden. Robert E. Lee: Icon for a Nation. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2005. 271 pp.
  • Longacre, Edward G. Fitz Lee: A Military Biography of Major General Fitzhugh Lee, C. S. A. (2004)
  • Robertson, James. Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend (1997)
  • Robertson, James. General A.P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior (1992)
  • Robertson, James. Robert E. Lee: Virginian Soldier, American Citizen (2005)
  • Thomas, Emory Robert E. Lee W.W. Norton & Co., 1995 (ISBN 0-393-03730-4) full-scale biography
  • Wert, Jeffry D. General James Longstreet: The Confederacy's Most Controversial Soldier (1994)

Soldiers and sailors

  • Bennett, Michael J. Union Jacks: Yankee Sailors in the Civil War. U. of North Carolina Press, 2004. 352 pp.
  • Frank, Joseph Allan and George A. Reaves. Seeing the Elephant: Raw Recruits at the Battle of Shiloh (1989)
  • Glatthaar, Joseph T. The March to the Sea and Beyond: Sherman's Troops in the Savannah and Carolinas Campaigns (1995)
  • Glatthaar, Joseph T. and Aaron Charles Sheehan. The View from the Ground: Experiences of Civil War Soldiers (2006)
    • Glatthaar, Joseph T. General Lees Army (2007)
  • Hess, Earl J. The Union Soldier in Battle: Enduring the Ordeal of Combat (1997)
  • Hilderman, Walter C., III. They Went into the Fight Cheering! Confederate Conscription in North Carolina. Boone, N.C.: Parkway, 2005. 272 pp.
  • McPherson, James. For Cause and Comrades: Why Men Fought in the Civil War (1998)
  • Nosworthy, Brent. The Bloody Crucible of Courage: Fighting Methods and Combat Experience of the Civil War. Carroll & Graf, 2003. 753 pp.
  • Priest, John M. Antietam: The Soldier's Battle (1989),
  • Rodgers, Thomas E. "Billy Yank and G.i. Joe: an Exploratory Essay on the Sociopolitical Dimensions of Soldier Motivation." Journal of Military History 2005 69(1): 93-121. Issn: 0899-3718 Fulltext: in Project Muse, Swetswise, and Ebsco. Billy Yanks functioned effectively under fire because society taught them masculinity, patriotism, and citizenship that emphasized character, the soldier's responsibility to his community, and the soldier's duty to defend the nation from threats. WW2 stressed expertise and bureaucratic conformity
  • Still Jr. William N. The Common Sailor: The Civil War's Uncommon Man—Yankee Blue Jackets and Confederate Tars (1985)
  • Weitz, Mark A. More Damning than Slaughter: Desertion in the Confederate Army. U. of Nebraska Press, 2005. 346 pp.
  • Wiley, Bell Irvin. The Life of Johnny Reb: The Common Soldier of the Confederacy (1962) (ISBN 0-8071-0475-2)
  • Wiley, Bell Irvin. Life of Billy Yank: The Common Soldier of the Union (1952) (ISBN 0-8071-0476-0)

Prisoners

  • Burnham, Philip. So Far from Dixie: Confederates in Yankee Prisons (2003)
  • Byrne, Frank L., "Libby Prison: A Study in Emotions," Journal of Southern History 1958 24(4): 430-444. in JSTOR
  • Butts, Michele Tucker. Galvanized Yankees on the Upper Missouri: The Face of Loyalty (2003), about Confederate prisoners who joined Union army in the west.
  • Chesson, Michael B. "Prison Camps and Prisoners of War," in Steven E. Woodworth, ed. The American Civil War (1996), 466-78; good review of published studies.
  • Gray, Michael P. The Business of Captivity in the Chemung Valley: Elmira and Its Civil War Prison (2001)
  • Hesseltine, William B. Civil War Prisons: A Study in War Psychology (1930) good overview.
  • Horigan, Michael. Elmira: Death Camp of the North (2002)
  • Marvel, William. Andersonville: The Last Depot (U. of North Carolina Press, 1994). 337 pp. major scholarly study.
  • Sanders, Charles W., Jr. While in the Hands of the Enemy: Military Prisons of the Civil War. Louisiana State U. Press, 2005. 390 pp.
  • Speer, Lonnie R. Portals to Hell: Military Prisons of the Civil War (1997), 410 pp.

Union homefront

  • Bak, Richard. A Distant Thunder: Michigan in the Civil War. Chelsea: Huron River, 2004. 239 pp.
  • Green, Michael S. Freedom, Union, and Power: Lincoln and His Party during the Civil War. Fordham U. Press, 2004. 400 pp.
  • Mitchell, Charles W. "Maryland Voices of the Civil War," 2007.
  • Nevins, Allan. Ordeal of the Union
    Ordeal of the Union
    Ordeal of the Union, an eight-volume set on the American Civil War by Allan Nevins, is one of the author's greatest works, ending only with his death...

     (1970), vol 5. The Improvised War, 1861–1862; vo 6. War Becomes Revolution, 1862–1863; vol 7. The Organized War, 1863–1864; vol 8. The Organized War to Victory, 1864–1865
  • Onuf, Nicholas and Onuf, Peter. Nations, Markets, and War: Modern History and the American Civil War. U. of Virginia Press, 2006. 362 pp.
  • Paludan, Philip S. The Presidency of Abraham Lincoln (1994), thorough treatment of Lincoln's administration
  • Resch, John P. et al., Americans at War: Society, Culture and the Homefront vol 2: 1816-1900 (2005)
  • Richardson, Heather Cox. The Greatest Nation of the Earth: Republican Economic Policies during the Civil War (1997)
  • Thornton, Mark and Ekelund, Robert B., Jr. Tariffs, Blockades, and Inflation: The Economics of the Civil War. Scholarly Resources, 2004. 124 pp.
  • Wilson, Mark R. The Business of Civil War: Military Mobilization and the State, 1861-1865. Johns Hopkins U. Press, 2006. 306 pp.

Union civilian leaders

  • Doris Kearns Goodwin
    Doris Kearns Goodwin
    Doris Kearns Goodwin is a Pulitzer Prize-winning American biographer and historian, and an oft-seen political commentator. She is the author of biographies of several U.S...

    , Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln (2005)

Abraham Lincoln

  • Boritt, Gabor S. ed. Lincoln the War President (1994)
  • Carwardine, Richard. Lincoln: A Life of Purpose and Power ISBN 1-4000-4456-1 (2003)
  • David Herbert Donald
    David Herbert Donald
    - Career :Majoring in history and sociology, Donald earned his bachelor degree from Millsaps College in Jackson, Mississippi. He earned his PhD in 1946 under the eminent, leading Lincoln scholar, James G. Randall at the University of Illinois...

    . Lincoln (1999) ISBN 0-684-82535-X, very well reviewed by scholars; Donald has won two Pulitzer prizes for biography
  • Gienapp, William E. Abraham Lincoln and Civil War America: A Biography by ISBN 0-19-515099-6 (2002), short online edition
  • Guelzo, Allen C. Abraham Lincoln: Redeemer President ISBN 0-8028-3872-3 (1999) online edition
  • John Hay
    John Hay
    John Milton Hay was an American statesman, diplomat, author, journalist, and private secretary and assistant to Abraham Lincoln.-Early life:...

     & John George Nicolay
    John George Nicolay
    John George Nicolay was an American biographer and secretary of Abraham Lincoln. In 1838, he immigrated to the United States with his father, attended school in Cincinnati...

    . Abraham Lincoln: a History (1890); online at Volume 1 and Volume 2 10 volumes in all; highly detailed narrative of era written by Lincoln's top aides
  • McPherson, James M. Abraham Lincoln and the Second American Revolution (1992) online edition
  • Neely, Mark E. The Abraham Lincoln Encyclopedia (1984), detailed articles on many men and movements associated with AL
  • Neely, Mark E. The Last Best Hope of Earth: Abraham Lincoln and the Promise of America (1993), Pulitzer prize winning author
  • Randall, James G. Lincoln the President (4 vol., 1945–55; reprint 2000.) by prize winning scholar
  • Thomas; Benjamin P. Abraham Lincoln: A Biography (1952) online edition
  • White, A. Ronald C. Lincoln: A Biography (2009)

Confederate homefront

  • Current, Richard N., et al. eds. Encyclopedia of the Confederacy (1993) (4 Volume set; also 1 vol abridged version)
  • Bell, Walter F. "Civil War Texas: a Review of the Historical Literature." Southwestern Historical Quarterly 2005 109(2): 204-232. Issn: 0038-478x
  • Boritt, Gabor S., et al., Why the Confederacy Lost, 1992.
  • Campbell, Jacqueline Glass. When Sherman Marched North from the Sea: Resistance on the Confederate Home Front. U. of North Carolina Pres, 2003. 177 pp.
  • Coulter, E. Merton. The Confederate States of America, 1861-1865, 1950.
  • Davis, William C. and Robertson, James I., Jr., eds. Virginia at War, 1861. U. Press of Kentucky, 2005. 241 pp.
  • Eaton, Clement. A History of the Southern Confederacy, 1954.
  • Gordon, Lesley J. and Inscoe, John C., eds. Inside the Confederate Nation: Essays in Honor of Emory M. Thomas. Louisiana State U. Press, 2005. 381 pp.
  • Jones, J. B. A Rebel War Clerk's Diary at the Confederate States Capital (1935) online edition, a famous primary source
  • Mackey, Robert R. The Uncivil War: Irregular Warfare in the Upper South, 1861-1865. U. of Oklahoma Press, 2004. 288 pp.
  • Massey, Mary Elizabeth. "The Confederate States of America: The Homefront," in Rembert Patrick, ed., Writing Southern History: Essays in Historiography (1965), pp 249-272
  • Morgan, Chad. Planters' Progress: Modernizing Confederate Georgia. U. Press of Florida, 2005. 164 pp.
  • Neely, Mark E., Jr., Confederate Bastille: Jefferson Davis and Civil Liberties, 1993.
  • Nevins, Allan. Ordeal of the Union
    Ordeal of the Union
    Ordeal of the Union, an eight-volume set on the American Civil War by Allan Nevins, is one of the author's greatest works, ending only with his death...

    , vol 5. The Improvised War, 1861–1862; vol 6. War Becomes Revolution, 1862–1863; vol 7. The Organized War, 1863–1864; vol 8. The Organized War to Victory, 1864–1865. (1970)
  • Rembert, W. Patrick. Jefferson Davis and His Cabinet, 1944.
  • Rable, George C., The Confederate Republic: A Revolution against Politics, 1994.
  • Resch, John P. et al., Americans at War: Society, Culture and the Homefront vol 2: 1816-1900 (2005)
  • Roland, Charles P. The Confederacy, 1962. brief
  • Thomas, Emory M. Confederate Nation: 1861-1865, 1979. Standard political-economic-social history
  • Rubin, Anne Sarah. A Shattered Nation: The Rise and Fall of the Confederacy, 1861-1868. U. of North Carolina Pr., 2005. 319 pp.
  • Thomas, Emory M. The Confederacy as a Revolutionary Experience, 1992.
  • Waghelstein, John D. and Chisholm, Donald. "The Road Not Taken: Conflict Termination and Guerrillaism in the American Civil War." Journal of Strategic Studies (2006) 29(5): 871-904. Issn: 0140-2390 Fulltext: in Ebsco
  • Wallenstein, Peter and Wyatt-Brown, Bertram, eds. Virginia's Civil War. U. Press of Virginia, 2005. 303 pp.

Confederate civilian leaders

  • Current, Richard N., et al. eds. Encyclopedia of the Confederacy (1993) (4 Volume set; also 1 vol abridged version) (ISBN 0-13-275991-8)
  • Cooper, William J, Jefferson Davis, American, 2000. Standard biography.
  • Davis, William C. Jefferson Davis: The Man and His Hour (1991).
  • Mobley, Joe A. War Governor of the South: North Carolina's Zeb Vance in the Confederacy. U. Press of Florida, 2005. 264 pp.
  • Strode, Hudson. Jefferson Davis 3 vol (1955–1964).
  • Wakelyn, Jon L. Biographical Dictionary of the Confederacy Greenwood Press ISBN 0-8371-6124-X

African Americans

  • Berlin, Ira, et a. eds. Freedom's Soldiers: The Black Military Experience in the Civil War (1998) 208pp
  • Cimprich, John. Fort Pillow, a Civil War Massacre, and Public Memory. Louisiana State U. Press, 2005. 193 pp.
  • Glatthaar, Joseph T. Forged in Battle: The Civil War Alliance of Black Soldiers and White Officers (2000)
  • Glatthaar, Joseph T. The Civil War's Black Soldiers (1996)
  • Levine, Bruce. Confederate Emancipation: Southern Plans to Free and Arm Slaves during the Civil War. (2005). 272 pp.
  • Longacre, Edward G. A Regiment of Slaves: The 4th United States Colored Infantry, 1863-1866. Stackpole, 2003. 227 pp.
  • Mitchell, Charles W. "Maryland Voices of the Civil War," 2007 (Part 3)
  • Robinson, Armstead L. Bitter Fruits of Bondage: The Demise of Slavery and the Collapse of the Confederacy, 1861-1865. U. Press of Virginia, 2005. 326 pp.
  • Ward, Andrew. River Run Red: The Fort Pillow Massacre in the American Civil War. Viking, 2005. 531 pp.

National

  • Clinton, Catherine. "Women and the Home Front: New Civil War Scholarship," History Now (Dec. 2010) online
  • Clinton, Catherine and Silber, Nina, eds. Battle Scars: Gender and Sexuality in the American Civil War, (Oxford U. Press, 2006). 213 pp.
  • Harper, Judith E. Women during the Civil War: An Encyclopedia. (Routledge, 2004). 472 pp.
  • McDevitt, Theresa. Women and the American Civil War: An Annotated Bibliography. (Praeger, 2003). 245 pp.
  • Massey, Mary Elizabeth. Bonnet Brigades: American Women and the Civil War, (1966).
  • Mitchell, Reid. The Vacant Chair: The Northern Soldier Leaves Home. New York: Oxford University Press (1995).
  • Frank, Lisa Tendric, ed. Women in the American Civil War. (ABC-CLIO, 2008)

North

  • Anderson, J. L. "The Vacant Chair on the Farm: Soldier Husbands, Farm Wives, and the Iowa Home Front, 1861-1865," Annals of Iowa (2007) 66: 241-265
  • Attie, Jeanie. "Patriotic Toil: Northern Women and the American Civil War." Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998. 294 pp.
  • Bahde, Thomas. "'I never wood git tired of wrighting to you.'" Journal of Illinois History (2009). 12:129-55
  • Gallman, Matthew J. (1990) Mastering Wartime: A Social History of Philadelphia During the Civil War. New York: Cambridge University Press
  • Giesberg, Judith. (2009) Army at Home: Women and the Civil War on the Northern Home Front excerpt and text search
  • Giesberg, Judith Ann. (2005). From Harvest Field to Battlefield: Rural Pennsylvania Women and the U.S. Civil War. Pennsylvania History 72: 159-191
  • McClintock, Meagan. (2002). "The Impact of the Civil War on Nineteenth-Century Marriages," 395-416, in Paul A. Cimbala and Randall M. Miller, eds. Union Soldiers and the Northern Home Front: Wartime Experiences, Postwar Adjustments. New York: Fordham University Press.
  • Marten, James. Children for the Union: The War Spirit on the Northern Home Front. Ivan R. Dee, 2004. 209 pp.
  • Scott, Sean A. "'Earth Has No Sorrow That Heaven Cannot Cure': Northern Civilian Perspectives on Death and Eternity during the Civil War," Journal of Social History (2008) 41:843-866
  • Silber, Nina. Daughters of the Union: Northern Women Fight the Civil War. Harvard U. Press, 2005. 332 pp.
  • Smith, Michael T. "The Beast Unleashed: Benjamin F. Butler and Conceptions of Masculinity in the Civil War North." New England Quarterly 2006 79(2): 248-276. Issn: 0028-4866
  • Venet, Wendy Hamand. A Strong-Minded Woman: The Life of Mary Livermore. U. of Massachusetts Press, 2005. 322 pp.

Black South

  • Frankel, Noralee. (1999) Freedom's Women: Black Women and Families in Civil War Era Mississippi
  • Schwalm, Leslie A. (1997). "'Sweet Dreams of Freedom': Freedwomen's Reconstruction of Life nd Labor in Lowcountry South Carolina," Journal of Women's History 9: 9-38

White South

  • Berry, Stephen W., II. All that Makes a Man: Love and Ambition in the Civil War South. Oxford U. Press, (2003). 286 pp.
  • Brock, Darla. "'Our Hands Are At Your Service': The Story of Confederate Women in Memphis." West Tennessee Historical Society Papers (1991) 45: 19-34
  • Drago, Edmund L. Confederate Phoenix: Rebel Children and Their Families in South Carolina, (Fordham University Press, 2008) ISBN 978-0-8232-2937-6 online review
  • Faust, Drew. Mothers of Invention: Women of the Slaveholding South in the American Civil War. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. (1996)
  • Gardner, Sarah E. Blood and Irony: Southern White Women's Narratives of the Civil War, 1861-1937. U. of North Carolina Press, (2004). 352 pp.
  • Jabour, Anya. Scarlett's Sisters: Young Women in the Old South, (U of North Carolina Press, 2009).
  • Rable. George. Civil Wars: Women and the Crisis of Southern Nationalism. (U of Illinois Press, 1989)
  • Revels, Tracy J. Grander in Her Daughters: Florida's Women during the Civil War. (U. of South Carolina Press, 2004). 205 pp.
  • Roberts, Giselle. The Confederate Belle. (U. of Missouri Press, 2003). 245 pp.
  • Strasser, William A. (1999). "'A Terrible Calamity Has Befallen Us': Unionist Women in Civil War East Tennessee". Journal of East Tennessee History. 71: 66-88
  • Whites. LeeAnn. The Civil War as a Crisis in Gender: Augusta, Georgia, 1860-1890. (U of Georgia Press, 1995)
  • Wiley, Bell Irvin. 1975. Confederate Women, Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press
  • Williams, Teresa Crisp, and David Williams. "'The Women Rising': Cotton, Class, and Confederate Georgia's Rioting Women," Georgia Historical Quarterly (2002) 86: 49-83

Primary sources

  • Dawson, Sarah Morgan. (1960). A Confederate Girl's Diary. Bloomington: Indiana University Press
  • Heller III, J. Roderick, and Carolynn Ayres Heller, eds. The Confederacy in on Her Way up the Spout: Letters to South Carolina, 1861-1864. Athens: University of Georgia Press (1992 )
  • Woodward, C. Vann, Ed., Mary Chesnut's Civil War, Yale University Press, 1981, ISBN 0-300-02979-9 Pulitzer Prize

Ideology, rhetoric, religion

  • Brinsfield, John W.; Davis, William C.; Maryniak, Benedict; and Robertson, James I., eds. Faith in the Fight: Civil War Chaplains. Stackpole, 2003. 256 pp.
  • Durrill, Wayne K. "Ritual, Community and War: Local Flag Presentation Ceremonies and Disunity in the Early Confederacy." Journal of Social History 2006 39(4): 1105-1122. Issn: 0022-4529 Fulltext: at History Cooperative, Project Muse, Swetswise, and Ebsco
  • Foner, Eric. Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men: The Ideology of the Republican Party before the Civil War (1970)
  • McPherson, James. What They Fought For, 1861-1865 (Louisiana State University Press, 1994)
  • Miller, Randall M., Harry S. Stout, and Charles Reagan Wilson, eds. Religion and the American Civil War (1998), essays
  • Noll, Mark A. The Civil War as a Theological Crisis. U. of North Carolina Press, 2006. 199 pp.
  • Phillips, Jason. "The Grape Vine Telegraph: Rumors and Confederate Persistence." Journal of Southern History 2006 72(4): 753-788. Issn: 0022-4642 Fulltext: in Ebsco
  • Stout, Harry S. Upon the Altar of the Nation: A Moral History of the Civil War. (2006). 544 pp.
  • Talley, Sharon. "Revisioning Death and Dying: 19th-century Attitudes as Reflected in Louisa May Alcott's Antebellum and Civil War Writings." Prospects 2005 30: 157-179. Issn: 0361-2333
  • Wells, Cheryl A. Civil War Time: Temporality and Identity in America, 1861-1865. U. of Georgia Press, 2005. 195 pp.
  • Wills, Garry. Lincoln at Gettysburg: The Words That Remade America by ISBN 0-671-86742-3
  • Wilson, Douglas L. Honor's Voice: The Transformation of Abraham Lincoln (1999).
  • Wilson, Edmund
    Edmund Wilson
    Edmund Wilson was an American writer and literary and social critic and noted man of letters.-Early life:Wilson was born in Red Bank, New Jersey. His father, Edmund Wilson, Sr., was a lawyer and served as New Jersey Attorney General. Wilson attended The Hill School, a college preparatory...

    . Patriotic Gore: Studies in the Literature of the American Civil War, New York, Oxford University Press (1962) (reprinted 1984 : Boston : Northeastern University Press ISBN 0-930350-61-8)

Popular culture, novels, films

  • Wilson, Edmund. Patriotic Gore: Studies in the Literature of the American Civil War (1962)

Historiography

  • Beale, Howard K.
    Howard K. Beale
    Howard Kennedy Beale was an American historian. He specialized in nineteenth and twentieth-century American history, particularly the Reconstruction Era. He also wrote biographies of Theodore Roosevelt, Edward Bates, and Charles A. Beard. Beale was born in Chicago to Frank A. and Nellie Kennedy...

    , "What Historians Have Said About the Causes of the Civil War," Social Science Research Bulletin 54, 1946.
  • Bell, Walter F. "Civil War Texas: a Review of the Historical Literature." Southwestern Historical Quarterly 2005 109(2): 204-232. Issn: 0038-478e (1996)
  • Boritt, Gabor S., ed. The Historian's Lincoln U. of Illinois Press, 1988, historiography
  • Connelly, Thomas L., "The Image and the General: Robert E. Lee in American Historiography." Civil War History 19 (March 1973): 50-64.
  • Connelly, Thomas L., The Marble Man. Robert E. Lee and His Image in American Society. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1977.
  • Donald, David ed. Why the North Won the Civil War (1977) (ISBN 0-02-031660-7), short interpretive essays
  • Foner, Eric. "The Causes of the American Civil War: Recent Interpretations and New Directions." In Beyond the Civil War Synthesis: Political Essays of the Civil War Era, edited by Robert P. Swieringa. 1975.
  • Gallagher, Gary W.; Lee & His Army in Confederate History University of North Carolina Press, 2001
  • Kornblith, Gary J., "Rethinking the Coming of the Civil War: A Counterfactual Exercise". Journal of American History 90.1 (2003): 80 pars. detailed historiography; online version
  • Panabaker, James. Shelby Foote and the Art of History: Two Gates to the City. U. of Tennessee Press, 2004. 238 pp.
  • Pressly, Thomas. Americans Interpret Their Civil War (1966), sorts historians (before 1960) into schools of interpretation
  • Tulloch, Hugh. The Debate on the American Civil War Era (1999), historiography
  • Woodworth, Steven E. ed. American Civil War: A Handbook of Literature and Research (1996) (ISBN 0-313-29019-9), 750 pages of historiography and bibliography

Primary sources



Memoirs

  • Grant, Ulysses S. Memoirs (1885) online edition
    • Grant, Ulysses S. Memoirs and Selected Letters (Mary Drake McFeely & William S. McFeely, eds.) (The Library of America, 1990) ISBN 0-940450-58-5
  • Martin, John C. Lest We Forget Published by the Democrate Publishing Company of Madison, Wisconsin, under the sponsorship of the Wisconsin State Legislature (1927)
  • Jones, J. B. A Rebel War Clerk's Diary at the Confederate States Capital (1935)
  • Porter, Horace, Campaigning with Grant (1897, reprinted 2000)
  • Sherman, William Tecumseh, Memoirs of General William T. Sherman. 2 vols. 1875.
  • Simon, John Y., ed., The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant, Southern Illinois University Press (1967- ) multivolume complete edition of letters to and from Grant. As of 2006, vol 1-28 covers through September 1878.
  • Woodward, C. Vann, Ed., Mary Chesnut's Civil War, Yale University Press, 1981, ISBN 0-300-02979-9 Pulitzer Prize


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