Amos Keinan
Encyclopedia
Amos Kenan also Amos Keinan, (May 2, 1927 - August 4, 2009) was an Israeli columnist, painter, sculptor, playwright and novelist.

Life

Amos Kenan was born Amos Levine in south Tel Aviv
Tel Aviv
Tel Aviv , officially Tel Aviv-Yafo , is the second most populous city in Israel, with a population of 404,400 on a land area of . The city is located on the Israeli Mediterranean coastline in west-central Israel. It is the largest and most populous city in the metropolitan area of Gush Dan, with...

 in 1927. His parents were secular socialists. His father was a Gdud HaAvoda
Gdud HaAvoda
G'dud HaʿAvodah VeHaHaganah ʿAl-Shem Yosef Trumpeldor , commonly known as Gdud HaAvoda, was a socialist Zionist work group in Mandate Palestine.The group was established on 8 August 1920, with the three focuses of work, settlement and defence...

 veteran and a former construction worker who became a clerk after a work accident. He was a member of Hashomer Hatzair
Hashomer Hatzair
Hashomer Hatzair is a Socialist–Zionist youth movement founded in 1913 in Galicia, Austria-Hungary, and was also the name of the group's political party in the Yishuv in the pre-1948 British Mandate of Palestine...

 youth movement. In 1946 he met the poet Yonatan Ratosh
Yonatan Ratosh
Uriel Shelach , better known by his pen name Yonatan Ratosh , was an Israeli poet and the founder of the Canaanite movement.-Biography :...

 and joined Ratosh's Canaanite movement, which he remained identified with until the early 1950s. He was among the founders of the movement's magazine, "Alef", in which he published his first book in 1949. Kenan dropped out of high school to become a factory worker.
Kenan was a member of the Lehi
Lehi (group)
Lehi , commonly referred to in English as the Stern Group or Stern Gang, was a militant Zionist group founded by Avraham Stern in the British Mandate of Palestine...

 underground. In 1989 he told The Guardian
The Guardian
The Guardian, formerly known as The Manchester Guardian , is a British national daily newspaper in the Berliner format...

: "I joined because it was an anti-imperialist and anti-colonialist organisation…We didn't fight the Arabs." During the 1948 Arab–Israeli War he fought in the 8th Brigade of the Israel Defense Forces
Israel Defense Forces
The Israel Defense Forces , commonly known in Israel by the Hebrew acronym Tzahal , are the military forces of the State of Israel. They consist of the ground forces, air force and navy. It is the sole military wing of the Israeli security forces, and has no civilian jurisdiction within Israel...

, under the command of Yitzhak Sadeh
Yitzhak Sadeh
Yitzhak Sadeh , was the commander of the Palmach, one of the founders of the Israel Defense Forces at the time of the establishment of the State of Israel and a cousin of British philosopher Isaiah Berlin.-Biography:...

, and was wounded. During the war he met Uri Avnery
Uri Avnery
Uri Avnery is an Israeli writer and founder of the Gush Shalom peace movement.A member of the Irgun as a teenager, Avnery sat in the Knesset from 1965–74 and 1979–81...

, who became his friend and colleague. Kenan took part in the Deir Yassin massacre
Deir Yassin massacre
The Deir Yassin massacre took place on April 9, 1948, when around 120 fighters from the Irgun Zevai Leumi and Lohamei Herut Israel Zionist paramilitary groups attacked Deir Yassin near Jerusalem, a Palestinian-Arab village of roughly 600 people...

. The Independent
The Independent
The Independent is a British national morning newspaper published in London by Independent Print Limited, owned by Alexander Lebedev since 2010. It is nicknamed the Indy, while the Sunday edition, The Independent on Sunday, is the Sindy. Launched in 1986, it is one of the youngest UK national daily...

s Daphna Baram writes that Kenan's account of the attack on the village and his role in it varied over the course of his life. According to Avnery, Kenan "always asserted that the massacre was not intended, or that it did not take place at all…He himself was wounded at the beginning of the action, he asserted, and did not see what happened."

From April 1950 until June 1952, Kenan wrote a satirical column in Haaretz
Haaretz
Haaretz is Israel's oldest daily newspaper. It was founded in 1918 and is now published in both Hebrew and English in Berliner format. The English edition is published and sold together with the International Herald Tribune. Both Hebrew and English editions can be read on the Internet...

 called "Uzi & Co.", succeeding Benjamin Tammuz
Benjamin Tammuz
Benjamin Tammuz was an Israeli writer and artist who contributed to Israeli culture in many disciplines, as a novelist, journalist, critic, painter, and sculptor.Benjamin Tammuz was born in Soviet Russia...

, who had started the column in 1948. "Uzi & Co.", regarded as the first anti-establishment column in Israel, took particular aim at the religious establishment
Religion in Israel
Religion in Israel is a central feature of the country and plays a major role in shaping Israeli culture and lifestyle, and religion has played a central role in Israel's history. Israel is also the only country in the world where a majority of citizens are Jewish...

. In 1952, Kenan was arrested, along with his friend and former Lehi colleague Shaltiel Ben-Yair, in connection with an assassination attempt on Israeli Transportation Minister, David-Zvi Pinkas
David-Zvi Pinkas
David-Zvi Pinkas was a Zionist activist and Israeli politician. A signatory of the Israeli declaration of independence, he was the country's third Minister of Transport.-Biography:...

, in the wake of Pinkas' decision to shut down public transportation on Shabbat
Shabbat
Shabbat is the seventh day of the Jewish week and a day of rest in Judaism. Shabbat is observed from a few minutes before sunset on Friday evening until a few minutes after when one would expect to be able to see three stars in the sky on Saturday night. The exact times, therefore, differ from...

. The two were arrested as they were leaving Pinkas' home, but said nothing under interrogation and were acquitted by the district court for lack of evidence. However, Haaretz publisher Gershom Schocken
Gershom Schocken
Gershom Gustav Schocken was an Israeli journalist and politician who was editor of Haaretz for more than 50 years and a member of the Knesset for the Progressive Party between 1955 and 1959.-Biography:...

 terminated his column. Kenan eventually told his wife, Nurith Gertz
Nurith Gertz
Nurith Gertz is a Professor Emerita of Hebrew literature and film at The Open University of Israel. She has served as head of the theoretical track at the Department of Film and Television, at Tel Aviv University, and currently heads the Department of Culture and Production at Sapir...

, as well as close friends and colleagues, that he really was involved in the bombing. In 2008 Gertz published a biography of Kenan in which she states this. He began writing for Tarzan Magazine under a pen name. In 1952 Kenan's "Uzi & Co." columns were collected in his first book, "With Whips and Scorpions."

From 1954 to 1962, Kenan lived in Paris, where he worked as a sculptor and published several plays drawing on the theater of the absurd. Pierre Alechinsky
Pierre Alechinsky
Pierre Alechinsky is a Belgian artist. He has lived and worked in France since 1951. His work is related to Tachisme, Abstract expressionism, and Lyrical Abstraction.Alechinsky was born in Brussels...

 illustrated two of his books and Maurice Béjart
Maurice Béjart
Maurice Béjart was a French born, Swiss choreographer who ran the Béjart Ballet Lausanne in Switzerland. He was the son of the French philosopher Gaston Berger.- Biography :...

 adapted his plays, which were mounted in Paris and Switzerland. During that time he wrote a column for Avnery's magazine Haolam Hazeh
Haolam Hazeh
HaOlam HaZeh was a weekly news magazine published in Israel until 1993.The magazine was founded in 1937 under the name Tesha BaErev but was renamed HaOlam HaZeh in 1946...

, called "The Wandering Knife", and a column called "Sparks from the city of lights" for Yediot Aharonot. His writing was translated into French by his partner, Christiane Rochefort
Christiane Rochefort
Christiane Rochefort was a French feminist writer. She was born into a left-wing working class Parisian family; her father joined the International Brigades during the Spanish Civil War...

. Rochefort's first novel, Warrior's Rest, was inspired by Kenan. In Paris Kenan participated in meetings between Arabs and Israelis (mostly Communists, although Kenan was not) arranged by the Egyptian Communist emigre Henri Curiel
Henri Curiel
Henri Curiel was a left-wing political activist. Born in Egypt, Curiel led the communist Democratic Movement for National Liberation until he was expelled from the country in 1950. Settling in France, Curiel aided the Algerian Front de Libération Nationale and other national liberation causes...

. He also arranged a meeting between himself, Avnery, and Jean-Paul Sartre
Jean-Paul Sartre
Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre was a French existentialist philosopher, playwright, novelist, screenwriter, political activist, biographer, and literary critic. He was one of the leading figures in 20th century French philosophy, particularly Marxism, and was one of the key figures in literary...

 in which Sartre (in Avnery's account) praised the Israeli left. Kenan was a member of Avnery's political group Semitic Action
Semitic Action
Semitic Action was a small Israeli political group of the 1950s and 1960s which sought the creation of a regional federation encompassing Israel and its Arab neighbors. Created in 1956, the group's key members were Uri Avnery, Natan Yellin-Mor, and Boaz Evron, with other members including Maxim...

.

He returned to Israel in 1962 and began writing a weekly column in Yediot Aharonot that ran for forty years. In 1962, Kenan married Nurit Gertz, a literary scholar. They had two daughters, the journalist Shlomzion Kenan and the poet and singer/songwriter Rona Kenan. He was also the paper's food critic. He edited a newspaper named "Tzipor HaNefesh" ("The bird of the soul") with Dahn Ben-Amotz, and contributed articles to the New York Times and The Nation
The Nation
The Nation is the oldest continuously published weekly magazine in the United States. The periodical, devoted to politics and culture, is self-described as "the flagship of the left." Founded on July 6, 1865, It is published by The Nation Company, L.P., at 33 Irving Place, New York City.The Nation...

. After the Six-Day War
Six-Day War
The Six-Day War , also known as the June War, 1967 Arab-Israeli War, or Third Arab-Israeli War, was fought between June 5 and 10, 1967, by Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt , Jordan, and Syria...

 he was sent by the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs to interview intellectuals such as Jean-Paul Sartre
Jean-Paul Sartre
Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre was a French existentialist philosopher, playwright, novelist, screenwriter, political activist, biographer, and literary critic. He was one of the leading figures in 20th century French philosophy, particularly Marxism, and was one of the key figures in literary...

, Herbert Marcuse
Herbert Marcuse
Herbert Marcuse was a German Jewish philosopher, sociologist and political theorist, associated with the Frankfurt School of critical theory...

 and Noam Chomsky
Noam Chomsky
Avram Noam Chomsky is an American linguist, philosopher, cognitive scientist, and activist. He is an Institute Professor and Professor in the Department of Linguistics & Philosophy at MIT, where he has worked for over 50 years. Chomsky has been described as the "father of modern linguistics" and...

 on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
Israeli-Palestinian conflict
The Israeli–Palestinian conflict is the ongoing conflict between Israelis and Palestinians. The conflict is wide-ranging, and the term is also used in reference to the earlier phases of the same conflict, between Jewish and Zionist yishuv and the Arab population living in Palestine under Ottoman or...

. The World Zionist Organization
World Zionist Organization
The World Zionist Organization , or WZO, was founded as the Zionist Organization , or ZO, in 1897 at the First Zionist Congress, held from August 29 to August 31 in Basel, Switzerland...

 arranged a lecture tour of American universities, intended to combat the increasingly anti-Israel stance of the campus left.

During the 1970s he directed several films, including How Wonderful. He wrote songs for Arik Lavi, The High Windows
The High Windows
The High Windows was a 1960s Israeli pop group founded by Arik Einstein, Shmulik Kraus and Josie Katz.-History:Hahalonot HaGvohim trio was formed at the end of 1966. As composer and vocal arranger, Kraus was the group's moving spirit...

, HaGashash HaHiver
HaGashash HaHiver
HaGashash HaHiver |Tracker]]) were an Israeli comedy group. Often called HaGashashim , they are considered a classic of Israeli entertainment and the most influential comedy act in the history of Israel.The three members of the Gashash were:...

 and others. His play "The Lost Train" was presented in the Cameri Theater
Cameri Theater
The Cameri Theater , established in 1944 in Tel Aviv, is one of the leading theaters in Israel, and is housed at the Tel Aviv Performing Arts Center....

. He wrote the screenplay to Uri Zohar
Uri Zohar
Uri Zohar is a former Israeli film director, actor, and comedian who left the entertainment world to become a rabbi.-Biography:Zohar was born in Tel Aviv in 1934. In 1952, he graduated high school and did his military service in an army entertainment troupe. His first marriage ended in divorce.By...

's film, A Hole in the Moon and acted in Moshe Mizrahi
Moshé Mizrahi
Moshé Mizrahi is an Israeli film director.He has directed 14 films in both Israel and France. Three of his films were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, I Love You Rosa, The House on Chelouche Street and Madame Rosa, with the latter winning the award...

's film Customer of the Off Season. His plays include The Lion, The Balloon, Maybe It's An Earthquake, Something Not Normal, Friends Talk About Jesus and Still Believe in You. Friends Talk About Jesus was revoked by the Supreme Court of Israel
Supreme Court of Israel
The Supreme Court is at the head of the court system and highest judicial instance in Israel. The Supreme Court sits in Jerusalem.The area of its jurisdiction is all of Israel and the Israeli-occupied territories. A ruling of the Supreme Court is binding upon every court, other than the Supreme...

 in 1972. The court ruled that it was "a repulsive mix of desecration of the Christian faith". It also said that "a writer or playwright to lash out to his heart's content at fallen religious figures through the use of criticism or satire, but that portraying God himself on stage in a way that is contemptuous of believers' faith is beyond the bounds of what is legally permissible here". In the 1970s, Kenan was a member of the Israeli Council for Israeli-Palestinian Peace. In the late 1970s he joined Ariel Sharon
Ariel Sharon
Ariel Sharon is an Israeli statesman and retired general, who served as Israel’s 11th Prime Minister. He has been in a permanent vegetative state since suffering a stroke on 4 January 2006....

's short-lived Shlomtzion Party
Shlomtzion Party
Shlomtzion was a political party in Israel. Founded by Ariel Sharon in 1977 prior to elections that year, it merged into Likud immediately after the Knesset term began.-Background:...

, named after Kenan's daughter.

In 1984 he published The Road to Ein Harod, a dystopian novel which portrays a future Israel in the grip of a civil war following a military coup. It was translated into eight languages and was adapted into a film in 1990.

His book To Your Country, To Your Homeland served as a basis for Moti Kirschenbaum
Moti Kirschenbaum
-Biography:Kirschenbaum was born in Kfar Saba in 1939. He studied in Pardes Hanna Agricultural High School. He served in the parachuted Nahal unit of the IDF. From 1962 to 1968 he studied film and television in UCLA....

's documentary series To the Water Wells, which portrayed a meeting between two patriots in disagreement — Kenan and Naomi Shemer
Naomi Shemer
Naomi Shemer was a leading Israeli songwriter hailed as the "first lady of Israeli song and poetry."-Biography:Naomi Sapir was born on Kvutzat Kinneret, a kibbutz her parents had helped found, on the shores of the Sea of Galilee. In the 1950s she served in the Israeli Defense Force's Nahal...

. He translated The Good Soldier Švejk
The Good Soldier Švejk
The Good Soldier Švejk , also spelled Schweik or Schwejk, is the abbreviated title of a unfinished satirical/dark comedy novel by Jaroslav Hašek. It was illustrated by Josef Lada and George Grosz after Hašek's death...

 into Hebrew. In the 1980s he was the curator of the Tefen Open Museum. His paintings and sculptures have been displayed in various galleries in Israel. In 1995, Kenan and Yediot Aharonot were fined for two articles Kenan wrote during the First Intifada
First Intifada
The First Intifada was a Palestinian uprising against the Israeli occupation of the Palestinian Territories. The uprising began in the Jabalia refugee camp and quickly spread throughout Gaza, the West Bank and East Jerusalem....

 criticizing light sentences handed out for violence against Palestinians; Kenan was fined 1000 shekels, the newspaper 7500.

Kenan died in Tel Aviv in 2009, and was buried at Kibbutz Einat
Einat
Kibbutz Einat is a kibbutz in central Israel. Located near Petah Tikva and south of Rosh HaAyin, it falls under the jurisdiction of Drom HaSharon Regional Council. In 2006 it had a population of 612....

. He had struggled for years with Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease also known in medical literature as Alzheimer disease is the most common form of dementia. There is no cure for the disease, which worsens as it progresses, and eventually leads to death...

.

Awards and commemoration

  • In 1962, the Sam Spiegel Prize.
  • In 1970, the Israel Cinema Council Prize.
  • In 1975, an honorary award by the French Ministry of Culture.
  • In 1995, the International Theater Institute Award.
  • In 1998, the Brenner Prize
    Brenner Prize
    The Brenner Prize is an Israeli literary prize awarded annually by the Hebrew Writers Association in Israel and the Haft Family Foundation.It was founded in the name of the author Yosef Haim Brenner and was first awarded in 1945....

    .
  • In 2008, Gertz published Al Da'at Atzmo (Unrepentant: Four chapters in the life of Amos Kenan), an account of Kenan's early life, ending with his years in Paris. In 2009, Rona Kenan released an album called "Songs for Joel" loosely based on Kenan's life story.

Published works

Books in Hebrew
  • With Whips and Scorpions (satire), Tel Aviv, 1952 [Be-Shotim U-ve-Akrabim]
  • At the Station (prose), Ladori, 1963 [Ba-Tahanah]
  • Book of Pleasures (non-fiction), Levin-Epstein, 1968 [Sefer Ha-ta`anugot]
  • The Blue Door (novella), Schocken, 1972 [Ha-Delet ha-Kehulah]
  • Shoah II (prose), A.L., 1975 [Shoah 2]
  • Under the Flowers (stories), Prosa, 1979 [Mitahat la-Prahim]
  • On Your Country, On Your Homeland (non-fiction), Edanim, 1981 [El Artzech, El Moladetech]
  • The Book of Satire (satire), Keter
    Keter Publishing House
    Keter Publishing House is one of the largest publishers in Israel. It was formed in 2005 through a merger of Keter Publishing and Steimatzky. Keter has a large book marketing and distribution network, as well print services and book production for the Israeli domestic and export market. Keter is...

    , 1984 [Sefer ha-Satirot]
  • The Road to Ein Harod (novel), Am Oved
    Am Oved
    -History:Am Oved was founded in 1942 by Berl Katznelson, who was its first Editor in Chief.It was created as an organ of the Histadrut, Israel's federation of Labor, with a goal of publishing books that would "meet the spiritual needs of the working public." Its most well-known series is "Sifriyah...

    , 1984 [Ha-Derech le-Ein Harod]
  • Love in the End (novel), Keter, 1988 [Et vahev be-Sufah]
  • Tulips our Brothers (stories), Keter, 1989 [Tziv`onim Aheinu]
  • Poems, Tag, 1995 [Shirim]
  • Block 23 (novellas), Zmora Bitan
    Kinneret Zmora-Bitan Dvir
    -History:The company's oldest imprint, Dvir, was founded in Odessa in 1919 by Hayyim Nahman Bialik. After the Russian Revolution, Dvir moved to Berlin and in 1924, to Palestine. Machbarot Lesifrut, the company's imprint for world literature in translation, was established by Israel Zmora in 1939....

    , 1996 [Block 23]
  • Rose of Jericho (essays), Zmora Bitan, 1998 [Shoshanat Yericho]
  • End of Reptile Era (poetry), Zmora Bitan, 1999 [Ketz Idan ha-Zochalim]
  • The Escape to Prison (stories), Zmora Bitan, 2003 [Habricha el Hakele]


Books translated into English

Performed Plays
  • The Lion
  • The Balloon, 1959
  • The Lost Train, 1969
  • Maybe It's An Earthquake, 1970
  • Something Not Normal [Ohel, 1970]
  • Friends Talk About Jesus
  • Still Believe in You [Cameri, 1974]

External links

  • Lover of the Country Uri Avnery
    Uri Avnery
    Uri Avnery is an Israeli writer and founder of the Gush Shalom peace movement.A member of the Irgun as a teenager, Avnery sat in the Knesset from 1965–74 and 1979–81...

    's eulogy for Kenan
  • Uri Avnery
    Uri Avnery
    Uri Avnery is an Israeli writer and founder of the Gush Shalom peace movement.A member of the Irgun as a teenager, Avnery sat in the Knesset from 1965–74 and 1979–81...

    , CounterPunch
    Counterpunch
    Counterpunch can refer to:* Counterpunch , a punch in boxing* CounterPunch, a bi-weekly political newsletter* Counterpunch , a type of punch used in traditional typography* Punch-Counterpunch, a Transformers character...

    , 11 August 2009, A Moral Person: The Life of Amos Kenan
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