An Cumann Gaelach, QUB
Encyclopedia
An Cumann Gaelach is the Irish Language Society
at Queen's University Belfast . Established in 1906, it is the third oldest society still in existence at the University, after the BMSA and Christian Union. The first meeting of the society was held on 30 January 1906, with William Mac Arthur being elected the first president. The society is part funded by the University, through the Students' Union
.
).
The establishment of An Cumann Gaelach was part of a movement that had been taking place across Ireland and the Irish communities abroad from the second half of the nineteenth century, which aimed to celebrate traditional Gaelic culture and sport. This period saw the establishment of Conradh na Gaeilge
(known as the Gaelic League in English), a body for the promotion of the Irish language, in 1893 and the Gaelic Athletic Association
(Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael), which promoted traditional sports such as gaelic football
and hurling, in 1884. Like most of these groups at the time, An Cumann Gaelach was founded by Protestants, indeed only 25 Catholics attended the University out of a total student population in the region of 400.http://quis.qub.ac.uk/gaelach/history.php Although the Society had only been set up in 1906, the founding members had been giving Irish lessons for several years previous.
. MacArthur, like most Queen's students at the time, studied medicine and was later to go on to serve in the British army, earning the title of Lieutenant General during his career. While serving in the army he was posted in India, and before being stationed at the Queen Alexandria Military Hospital. While in London he published a 'landmark' paper on his experiences in India called 'Cysticercosis [a parasitic disease] as seen in the British army, with special reference to the production of epilepsy’ in 1934. MacArtur served in several positions throughout his career before retiring in 1941 with the grand title of Lt-Gen. William MacArthur, KCB, DSO, OBE, FRCP, FRCPI.
In addition to his military career, he was also an author writing on topics such as the Great Famine
and wrote medical entries for Encyclopædia Britannica
.
In 1936 the Comhchaidreamh (interrelationship in English) was formed, an organisation that sought to create links among all University Irish societies. Queen's University's Irish Language Society had close ties with their counterparts around Ireland until the 1970s, with regular debates and plays organised by students, however, in recent years these strong links have weakened significantly.
During this period, the Society strengthened its relationship with the Donegal Gaeltacht
, which exists to this day. In the 1960s and 70s, the members of An Cumann Gaelach frequently traveled to Ballinamore in County Donegal, providing them with an opportunity to see Irish in use in everyday life. While in Donegal, they also helped the community by doing voluntary work, not least aiding in the construction of the local community centre.
The popularity of the language was reflected with most University signs been in both Irish and English during this period.
As the Troubles dragged on, the membership of the Society began to dwindle year on year and many events were either abandoned, such as the regular céilís, or downscaled, like the trips to Donegal.
2006 marked the centenary of An Cumann Gaelach with a Céilí Mór in Belfast's Wellington Park Hotel, and the publication of a second edition of Fearsaid, edited by then president, Sorcha Nic Lochlainn. The society continues to run weekly Irish classes and trips to the Gaeltacht, as well as other cultural events such as traditional music sessions, talks and film showings.
Cumann Gaelach
An Cumann Gaelach is a student society typically found in most colleges and universities in Ireland. Many of the groups were founded in the early 1900s as part of a wider revival of the language, which saw the establishment of national groups such as Conradh na Gaeilge...
at Queen's University Belfast . Established in 1906, it is the third oldest society still in existence at the University, after the BMSA and Christian Union. The first meeting of the society was held on 30 January 1906, with William Mac Arthur being elected the first president. The society is part funded by the University, through the Students' Union
Queen's University Belfast Students' Union
Queen's University Belfast Students' Union is the official representative body for students at Queen's University Belfast. Membership in the Union is automatic and currently totals 24,560, making it the largest single campus Union on the island of Ireland, and one of the largest in the United...
.
Early years
The Irish Language Society, An Cumann Gaelach, was founded on 30 January 1906 and was the first language society at the University. Prior to its establishment, there had been several athletic clubs, along with the Literary and Scientific Society, Belfast Medical Students' Association and the Christian Union, making the Society the third oldest still active in the University, and even predates the University itself, which was not founded until 1908 (previously it had been one of three Queen's Colleges established in 1848, the other two being in Galway and Cork, now part of the National University of IrelandNational University of Ireland
The National University of Ireland , , is a federal university system of constituent universities, previously called constituent colleges, and recognised colleges set up under the Irish Universities Act, 1908, and significantly amended by the Universities Act, 1997.The constituent universities are...
).
The establishment of An Cumann Gaelach was part of a movement that had been taking place across Ireland and the Irish communities abroad from the second half of the nineteenth century, which aimed to celebrate traditional Gaelic culture and sport. This period saw the establishment of Conradh na Gaeilge
Conradh na Gaeilge
Conradh na Gaeilge is a non-governmental organisation that promotes the Irish language in Ireland and abroad. The motto of the League is Sinn Féin, Sinn Féin amháin .-Origins:...
(known as the Gaelic League in English), a body for the promotion of the Irish language, in 1893 and the Gaelic Athletic Association
Gaelic Athletic Association
The Gaelic Athletic Association is an amateur Irish and international cultural and sporting organisation focused primarily on promoting Gaelic games, which include the traditional Irish sports of hurling, camogie, Gaelic football, handball and rounders...
(Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael), which promoted traditional sports such as gaelic football
Gaelic football
Gaelic football , commonly referred to as "football" or "Gaelic", or "Gah" is a form of football played mainly in Ireland...
and hurling, in 1884. Like most of these groups at the time, An Cumann Gaelach was founded by Protestants, indeed only 25 Catholics attended the University out of a total student population in the region of 400.http://quis.qub.ac.uk/gaelach/history.php Although the Society had only been set up in 1906, the founding members had been giving Irish lessons for several years previous.
Sir William Porter MacArthur (1884-1964)
William MacArthur, was the first President of the Society, having learned Irish in Cloch Cheannfhaolaidh in west DonegalDonegal
Donegal or Donegal Town is a town in County Donegal, Ireland. Its name, which was historically written in English as Dunnagall or Dunagall, translates from Irish as "stronghold of the foreigners" ....
. MacArthur, like most Queen's students at the time, studied medicine and was later to go on to serve in the British army, earning the title of Lieutenant General during his career. While serving in the army he was posted in India, and before being stationed at the Queen Alexandria Military Hospital. While in London he published a 'landmark' paper on his experiences in India called 'Cysticercosis [a parasitic disease] as seen in the British army, with special reference to the production of epilepsy’ in 1934. MacArtur served in several positions throughout his career before retiring in 1941 with the grand title of Lt-Gen. William MacArthur, KCB, DSO, OBE, FRCP, FRCPI.
In addition to his military career, he was also an author writing on topics such as the Great Famine
Great Famine
Great Famine may refer to any of several historical famines:* The Great Famine of 1315–1317 in northern Europe* The Great India Famine of 1344-1345...
and wrote medical entries for Encyclopædia Britannica
Encyclopædia Britannica
The Encyclopædia Britannica , published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia that is available in print, as a DVD, and on the Internet. It is written and continuously updated by about 100 full-time editors and more than 4,000 expert...
.
1920s & 30s
In 1920 the island of Ireland was partitioned with the six north-eastern counties becoming Northern Ireland, with Belfast as its capital. Although a majority of the population of the new state supported it, a significant minority were opposed to it, leading to clashes on the streets during the 1920s. This led to a polarisation in society at the time, with the Irish language becoming politically associated with Catholic Nationalists who rejected British rule in Ireland. The growing tensions greatly affected the Irish language movement throughout Northern Ireland and people's opinions of the language became tainted with sectarianism. This had a knock-on effect to An Cumann Gaelach and the University's Protestant community were not as involved in the Society has they had been previously. Between 1925 and 1929 the Society had more or less died out until an Irish language revival movement in the University around 1930.In 1936 the Comhchaidreamh (interrelationship in English) was formed, an organisation that sought to create links among all University Irish societies. Queen's University's Irish Language Society had close ties with their counterparts around Ireland until the 1970s, with regular debates and plays organised by students, however, in recent years these strong links have weakened significantly.
1950s & 60s
The Society went from strength to strength between 1950 and 1970 due to a significant increase in the student population and a very strong cultural revival of the Irish language in Belfast at this time. The Society's magazine, An Scáthán (English: The Mirror), was formed in 1950 and was published three or four times a year. To mark the golden anniversary of the establishment of the Society, a special publication was made, entitled Fearsaid (the root of the word Feirste, the river after which Belfast was named).During this period, the Society strengthened its relationship with the Donegal Gaeltacht
Gaeltacht
is the Irish language word meaning an Irish-speaking region. In Ireland, the Gaeltacht, or an Ghaeltacht, refers individually to any, or collectively to all, of the districts where the government recognises that the Irish language is the predominant language, that is, the vernacular spoken at home...
, which exists to this day. In the 1960s and 70s, the members of An Cumann Gaelach frequently traveled to Ballinamore in County Donegal, providing them with an opportunity to see Irish in use in everyday life. While in Donegal, they also helped the community by doing voluntary work, not least aiding in the construction of the local community centre.
The Troubles
The 1970s marked the high point of the Society's existence, with more than 300 hundred members for most years in that period, dwarfing present levels. The 1970s also saw the Cumann organise monthly céilís in what is now the Mandela Hall in the Students' Union, as well as continuing the classes and trips to the Gaeltacht.The popularity of the language was reflected with most University signs been in both Irish and English during this period.
As the Troubles dragged on, the membership of the Society began to dwindle year on year and many events were either abandoned, such as the regular céilís, or downscaled, like the trips to Donegal.
Present day
The Good Friday Agreement brought peace to the streets of Northern Ireland for the first time in thirty years and led to a gradual reduction in sectarianism. The suspicions that had previously surrounded the Irish language also began to fade away, seen through the growth of Irish medium schools over the past decade. An annual survey of Cumainn across Ireland by Irish language daily, Lá Nua has shown continued growth in the society's number since the start of the decade, rising from 25 in 2003 to 168 in 2007, making it the largest in Northern Ireland and the fifth largest on the island.2006 marked the centenary of An Cumann Gaelach with a Céilí Mór in Belfast's Wellington Park Hotel, and the publication of a second edition of Fearsaid, edited by then president, Sorcha Nic Lochlainn. The society continues to run weekly Irish classes and trips to the Gaeltacht, as well as other cultural events such as traditional music sessions, talks and film showings.
Committee 2006/2007
- President: Sarah Nic Loinsigh
- Secretary: Seán Ó Coinn
- Treasurer: Seán Ó Brógáin
- Deputy Treasurer: Caoimhe Nic Lochlainn
- Deputy President: Ciarán Mc Callan
Committee 2007/2008
- President: Seán Ó Coinn
- Secretary: Pádraig Ó Muireagáin
- Treasurer: Seán Ó Brógáin
- Deputy President: Sarah Nic Loinsigh
- Press Officer: Dónall Ó Sabhaois
- Teaching Officer: Darren Ó Dochartaigh
Committee 2008/2009
- President: Darren Ó Dochartaigh
- Secretary: Roibéard Ó Droma
- Treasurer: Caoimhe Nic Lochlainn
- Deputy President: Dónall Ó Sabhaois
- Deputy Secretary: Pádraig Ó Muireagáin
- Deputy Treasurer: Maitiú Ó hEachaidh
- Press Officer: Cillian De Búrca
See also
- Queen's University, Belfast
- Queen's University Belfast Students' UnionQueen's University Belfast Students' UnionQueen's University Belfast Students' Union is the official representative body for students at Queen's University Belfast. Membership in the Union is automatic and currently totals 24,560, making it the largest single campus Union on the island of Ireland, and one of the largest in the United...
- Cumann GaelachCumann GaelachAn Cumann Gaelach is a student society typically found in most colleges and universities in Ireland. Many of the groups were founded in the early 1900s as part of a wider revival of the language, which saw the establishment of national groups such as Conradh na Gaeilge...
- An Cumann Gaelach, TCDAn Cumann Gaelach, TCDAn Cumann Gaelach is the Irish Language and culture Society at The University of Dublin, Trinity College...
- Irish language in Northern IrelandIrish language in Northern IrelandThe Irish language is a minority language in Northern Ireland. The dialect spoken there is known as Ulster Irish....