Anaukpetlun
Encyclopedia
Anaukpetlun was the sixth king of Toungoo dynasty
of Burma, and was largely responsible for restoring Burmese kingdom after it had famously collapsed at the end of 16th century. In his 22-year reign between 1606 and 1628, Anaukpetlun completed the reunification efforts of the Burmese kingdom begun by his father King Nyaungyan
. Having inherited a partial kingdom comprising mainly Upper Burma
and Shan States
from his father Nyaungyan, Anaukpetlun went on to reconquer, Lanna
in the east, and in the south, Lower Burma
from rival Burmese factions and the Portuguese
, as well as the Upper Tenasserim from the Siamese
. The kingdom was known as Restored Toungoo Dynasty or Nyaungyan Dynasty.
Officially styled as Maha Dhamma Yaza, Anaukpetlun was a grandson of Bayinnaung
. Both of his parents were children of Bayinnaung, half-brother and half-sister. In March 1606, Nyaungyan died during his campaign against the Shans. Anaukpetlun then inherited the Kingdom of Ava that included all north of Pagan along the Irrawaddy and the Shan states
.
Anaukpetlun pursued his campaigns to unify the Burmese kingdom. In 1608, he took the Kingdom of Prome, installing his brother Thalun
as the King of Prome. And in 1610 took Toungoo from Nat Shin Naung
and forced the Toungoo king to swear loyalty. However, Filipe de Brito the Portuguese ruler of Syriam marched to Toungoo and captured Nat Shin Naung as captive to Syriam. Anaukpetlun then marched the Ava armies and fleets to capture Syriam and rescued the King of Toungoo but faced Rakhine
opportunistic invasions. He was able to counter the Rakhine fleets and took the port of Syriam in 1613, though Nat Shin Naung had already died. Anaukpetlun took the European captives to Ava and Pegu – where they were known as Bayingyi and served as gunners for the Burmese armies later.
Anaukpetlun proceeded on to subjugate the Mon state
, taking Martaban, Tavoy, and Tenasserim (the last one from the Siamese, temporarily) by 1616. In 1617, Anaukpetlun decided to make Pegu the capital of his dominions so he crowned himself as the King of Pegu that year. In 1624, Anaukpetlun sent his brother Thalun to curb the rebellion of Lanna
Chiang Saen
and in 1625 at Nan
.
Anaukpetlun was murdered in 1628 by his son Minyedeippa who had relationships with one of Anaukpetlun's concubines and feared the possible punishments. Minyedeippa held the throne for a short time before being purged by Thalun in 1629.
Toungoo Dynasty
The Toungoo Dynasty was the ruling dynasty of Burma from the mid-16th century to 1752. Its early kings Tabinshwehti and Bayinnaung succeeded in reunifying the Pagan Empire for the first time since 1287, and in incorporating the Shan States for the first time...
of Burma, and was largely responsible for restoring Burmese kingdom after it had famously collapsed at the end of 16th century. In his 22-year reign between 1606 and 1628, Anaukpetlun completed the reunification efforts of the Burmese kingdom begun by his father King Nyaungyan
Nyaungyan Min
Nyaungyan Min was the fifth king of Toungoo Dynasty of Burma who reigned from 1599 to 1606. Nyaungyan is also often referred to as the founder of Restored Toungoo Dynasty or Nyaungyan Dynasty because his successful efforts to reunify main parts of his father Bayinnaung's empire which had famously...
. Having inherited a partial kingdom comprising mainly Upper Burma
Upper Burma
Upper Burma refers to a geographic region of Burma , traditionally encompassing Mandalay and its periphery , or more broadly speaking, Kachin and Shan States....
and Shan States
Shan States
The Shan States were the princely states that ruled large areas of today's Burma , Yunnan Province in China, Laos and Thailand from the late 13th century until mid-20th century...
from his father Nyaungyan, Anaukpetlun went on to reconquer, Lanna
Lanna
The Kingdom of Lanna was a kingdom centered in present-day northern Thailand from the 13th to 18th centuries. The cultural development of the people of Lanna, the Tai Yuan people, had begun long before as successive Tai Yuan kingdoms preceded Lanna...
in the east, and in the south, Lower Burma
Lower Burma
Lower Burma is a geographic region of Burma and includes the low-lying Irrawaddy delta , as well as coastal regions of the country ....
from rival Burmese factions and the Portuguese
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
, as well as the Upper Tenasserim from the Siamese
Ayutthaya kingdom
Ayutthaya was a Siamese kingdom that existed from 1350 to 1767. Ayutthaya was friendly towards foreign traders, including the Chinese, Vietnamese , Indians, Japanese and Persians, and later the Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch and French, permitting them to set up villages outside the walls of the...
. The kingdom was known as Restored Toungoo Dynasty or Nyaungyan Dynasty.
Officially styled as Maha Dhamma Yaza, Anaukpetlun was a grandson of Bayinnaung
Bayinnaung
Bayinnaung Kyawhtin Nawrahta was the third king of the Toungoo dynasty of Burma . During his 30-year reign, which has been called the "greatest explosion of human energy ever seen in Burma", Bayinnaung assembled the largest empire in the history of Southeast Asia, which included much of modern day...
. Both of his parents were children of Bayinnaung, half-brother and half-sister. In March 1606, Nyaungyan died during his campaign against the Shans. Anaukpetlun then inherited the Kingdom of Ava that included all north of Pagan along the Irrawaddy and the Shan states
Shan States
The Shan States were the princely states that ruled large areas of today's Burma , Yunnan Province in China, Laos and Thailand from the late 13th century until mid-20th century...
.
Anaukpetlun pursued his campaigns to unify the Burmese kingdom. In 1608, he took the Kingdom of Prome, installing his brother Thalun
Thalun
Thalun was the eighth king of Toungoo dynasty of Burma . During his 19-year reign, Thalun successfully rebuilt the war-torn country which had been under constant warfare for nearly a century since the 1530s. Thalun instituted many administrative reforms and rebuilt the economy of the kingdom.In...
as the King of Prome. And in 1610 took Toungoo from Nat Shin Naung
Nat Shin Naung
Natshinnaung was a Toungoo prince who was a noted poet and an accomplished musician, as well as an able military commander. A grandson of King Bayinnaung and the eldest son of Minye Thihathu, Viceroy of Toungoo, the prince participated in King Nanda's campaigns to reconquer Siam in the early...
and forced the Toungoo king to swear loyalty. However, Filipe de Brito the Portuguese ruler of Syriam marched to Toungoo and captured Nat Shin Naung as captive to Syriam. Anaukpetlun then marched the Ava armies and fleets to capture Syriam and rescued the King of Toungoo but faced Rakhine
Rakhine people
The Rakhine , is a nationality in Myanmar forming the majority along the coastal region of present day Rakhine State or Arakan State. They possibly constitute 5.53% or more of Myanmar's total population but no accurate census figures exist. Rakhine people also live in the southeastern parts of...
opportunistic invasions. He was able to counter the Rakhine fleets and took the port of Syriam in 1613, though Nat Shin Naung had already died. Anaukpetlun took the European captives to Ava and Pegu – where they were known as Bayingyi and served as gunners for the Burmese armies later.
Anaukpetlun proceeded on to subjugate the Mon state
Mon State
Mon State is an administrative division of Myanmar. It is sandwiched between Kayin State on the east, the Andaman Sea on the west, Bago Region on the north and Tanintharyi Region on the south, and has a short border with Thailand's Kanchanaburi Province at its south-eastern tip. The land area is...
, taking Martaban, Tavoy, and Tenasserim (the last one from the Siamese, temporarily) by 1616. In 1617, Anaukpetlun decided to make Pegu the capital of his dominions so he crowned himself as the King of Pegu that year. In 1624, Anaukpetlun sent his brother Thalun to curb the rebellion of Lanna
Lanna
The Kingdom of Lanna was a kingdom centered in present-day northern Thailand from the 13th to 18th centuries. The cultural development of the people of Lanna, the Tai Yuan people, had begun long before as successive Tai Yuan kingdoms preceded Lanna...
Chiang Saen
Chiang Saen
* Amphoe Chiang Saen, a district in modern Chiang Rai Province* Chiang Saen, a capital in the ancient Lanna kingdom, and the namesake of the modern district...
and in 1625 at Nan
Nan, Thailand
Nan is a town in Northern Thailand. It is located some 668 km north of Bangkok. Its population exceeds 24.000. It is situated in the centre of the province which bears its name, and of which it is the administrative capital. It covers the whole tambon Nai Wiang of Mueang Nan district, an area...
.
Anaukpetlun was murdered in 1628 by his son Minyedeippa who had relationships with one of Anaukpetlun's concubines and feared the possible punishments. Minyedeippa held the throne for a short time before being purged by Thalun in 1629.