Andreas Ignatius Schaepman
Encyclopedia
Mgr. Andreas Ignatius Schaepman (4 September 1815, Zwolle
19 September 1882, Utrecht
) was Archbishop of Utrecht from 1868 to 1882 and President of the Great Seminary
of Rijsenburg
.
He did his primary studies at the gymnasium in Oldenzaal, completed his higher studies in the Seminary
of 's-Heerenberg
in March 10, 1838 and was ordained a priest at Oegstgeest
. First employed as a Chaplain
in his hometown, he was appointed pastor of Ommerschans
five years later. In 1846 moved to Assen
, where he stayed eight years, and was then appointed pastor in Zwolle
.
Schaepman was in 1857 the first president of the seminary Rijsenburg
in Driebergen
. A year later he was also appointed vicar general and on 13 July 1860 to coadjutor and bishop of Hesebon Esbus in partibus. Schaepman was ordained titular bishop
of Esbus and auxiliary
of Utrecht on 26 August 1860 at Rijsenburg
by Franciscus Jacobus van Vree, Bishop
of Haarlem
. After the resignation of Msgr. Johannes Zwijsen
, in 1868, he was appointed to the metropolitan see, and so became the second Archbishop of Utrecht
, after the restoration of the Roman Catholic hierarchy in the country.
After the death of Archbishop Johannes Zwijsen
Schaepman campaigned for the emancipation of Catholicism in the Netherlands. He supported the establishment of Catholic schools and founded congregations as the Brothers of Utrecht and the Sisters of St. Joseph
who devoted themselves to Catholic education.
Schaepman promoted religious art, music and history, that were never Zwijsen priorities. Even before his appointment as archbishop, he organized the restoration of St. Catherine Cathedral in Utrecht
in neo-Gothic style, together with Msgr. Heukelum
GW (1834-1910), founder of the St. Bernulphusgilde construction and pastor of St. Nicholas Church in the beautiful Jutphaas
(now Nieuwegein Noord). Schaepman, Heukelum
and Van were also at the basis of what is now the Museum Catharijneconvent
in Utrecht
.
Schaepman had favored architect Wilhelm Victor Alfred Tepe
, giving him a virtual monopoly on the building of new Catholic churches in the metropolitan territories of the Archdiocese of Utrecht. Only after the death of Archbishop
Schaepman in 1882, was this monopoly slightly affected, and other architects had a chance of competing.
Schaepman attended the First Vatican Council
in part.
His portrait was lithographed by NJW de Roode an unknown artist.
Zwolle
Zwolle is a municipality and the capital city of the province of Overijssel, Netherlands, 120 kilometers northeast of Amsterdam. Zwolle has about 120,000 citizens.-History:...
19 September 1882, Utrecht
Utrecht (city)
Utrecht city and municipality is the capital and most populous city of the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is located in the eastern corner of the Randstad conurbation, and is the fourth largest city of the Netherlands with a population of 312,634 on 1 Jan 2011.Utrecht's ancient city centre features...
) was Archbishop of Utrecht from 1868 to 1882 and President of the Great Seminary
Seminary
A seminary, theological college, or divinity school is an institution of secondary or post-secondary education for educating students in theology, generally to prepare them for ordination as clergy or for other ministry...
of Rijsenburg
Rijsenburg
Rijsenburg is a former village in the Dutch province of Utrecht. Presently, it is a part of the single town of Driebergen-Rijsenburg.The former municipality of Rijsenburg existed from 1818 to 1931, when it merged with Driebergen, to create the new municipality of Driebergen-Rijsenburg.-External...
.
He did his primary studies at the gymnasium in Oldenzaal, completed his higher studies in the Seminary
Seminary
A seminary, theological college, or divinity school is an institution of secondary or post-secondary education for educating students in theology, generally to prepare them for ordination as clergy or for other ministry...
of 's-Heerenberg
's-Heerenberg
s-Heerenberg is a city on the Dutch-German border, in the Province of Gelderland, Netherlands. It is located about 5 km north of the German Emmerich, and about 12 km south of Doetinchem. It received city rights in 1379....
in March 10, 1838 and was ordained a priest at Oegstgeest
Oegstgeest
Oegstgeest is a town and municipality in the province of South Holland in the western Netherlands. Its population was 22,576 in 2008.-Location :...
. First employed as a Chaplain
Chaplain
Traditionally, a chaplain is a minister in a specialized setting such as a priest, pastor, rabbi, or imam or lay representative of a religion attached to a secular institution such as a hospital, prison, military unit, police department, university, or private chapel...
in his hometown, he was appointed pastor of Ommerschans
Ommerschans
Ommerschans is a former bulwark in the Dutch province of Overijssel. It is a part of the municipality of Ommen, and lies about 16 km south of Hoogeveen....
five years later. In 1846 moved to Assen
Assen
Assen is a municipality and a city in the north eastern Netherlands, capital of the province of Drenthe. It received city rights in 1809. Assen's main claim to fame is the TT Circuit Assen the motorcycle racing circuit, where on the last Saturday in June the Dutch TT is run...
, where he stayed eight years, and was then appointed pastor in Zwolle
Zwolle
Zwolle is a municipality and the capital city of the province of Overijssel, Netherlands, 120 kilometers northeast of Amsterdam. Zwolle has about 120,000 citizens.-History:...
.
Schaepman was in 1857 the first president of the seminary Rijsenburg
Rijsenburg
Rijsenburg is a former village in the Dutch province of Utrecht. Presently, it is a part of the single town of Driebergen-Rijsenburg.The former municipality of Rijsenburg existed from 1818 to 1931, when it merged with Driebergen, to create the new municipality of Driebergen-Rijsenburg.-External...
in Driebergen
Driebergen
Driebergen is a former village in the Dutch province of Utrecht. Later it became a part of the single town of Driebergen-Rijsenburg. And presently it's part of Utrechtse Heuvelrug....
. A year later he was also appointed vicar general and on 13 July 1860 to coadjutor and bishop of Hesebon Esbus in partibus. Schaepman was ordained titular bishop
Titular bishop
A titular bishop in various churches is a bishop who is not in charge of a diocese.By definition a bishop is an "overseer" of a community of the faithful, so when a priest is ordained a bishop the tradition of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches is that he be ordained for a specific place...
of Esbus and auxiliary
Auxiliary bishop
An auxiliary bishop, in the Roman Catholic Church, is an additional bishop assigned to a diocese because the diocesan bishop is unable to perform his functions, the diocese is so extensive that it requires more than one bishop to administer, or the diocese is attached to a royal or imperial office...
of Utrecht on 26 August 1860 at Rijsenburg
Rijsenburg
Rijsenburg is a former village in the Dutch province of Utrecht. Presently, it is a part of the single town of Driebergen-Rijsenburg.The former municipality of Rijsenburg existed from 1818 to 1931, when it merged with Driebergen, to create the new municipality of Driebergen-Rijsenburg.-External...
by Franciscus Jacobus van Vree, Bishop
Bishop
A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight. Within the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox Churches, in the Assyrian Church of the East, in the Independent Catholic Churches, and in the...
of Haarlem
Haarlem
Haarlem is a municipality and a city in the Netherlands. It is the capital of the province of North Holland, the northern half of Holland, which at one time was the most powerful of the seven provinces of the Dutch Republic...
. After the resignation of Msgr. Johannes Zwijsen
Johannes Zwijsen
Johannes Zwijsen was the first Archbishop of Utrecht after the re-establishment of the Roman Catholic hierarchy in the Netherlands.Zwijsen was ordained a priest on 19 January 1817...
, in 1868, he was appointed to the metropolitan see, and so became the second Archbishop of Utrecht
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht
The Archdiocese of Utrecht is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in the Netherlands. The archdiocese is the metropolitan for 6 suffragans, the dioceses of Breda, Groningen-Leeuwarden, Haarlem-Amsterdam, Roermond, Rotterdam, and 's-Hertogenbosch....
, after the restoration of the Roman Catholic hierarchy in the country.
After the death of Archbishop Johannes Zwijsen
Johannes Zwijsen
Johannes Zwijsen was the first Archbishop of Utrecht after the re-establishment of the Roman Catholic hierarchy in the Netherlands.Zwijsen was ordained a priest on 19 January 1817...
Schaepman campaigned for the emancipation of Catholicism in the Netherlands. He supported the establishment of Catholic schools and founded congregations as the Brothers of Utrecht and the Sisters of St. Joseph
Sisters of St. Joseph
The title Sisters of St. Joseph applies to several Roman Catholic religious congregations of women. The largest and oldest of these was founded in Le Puy-en-Velay, France...
who devoted themselves to Catholic education.
Schaepman promoted religious art, music and history, that were never Zwijsen priorities. Even before his appointment as archbishop, he organized the restoration of St. Catherine Cathedral in Utrecht
Utrecht
Utrecht is a city in the Netherlands.The name may also refer to:* Utrecht , of which Utrecht is the capital* Utrecht , including the city of Utrecht* Bishopric of Utrecht* Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht...
in neo-Gothic style, together with Msgr. Heukelum
Heukelum
Heukelum is a town in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is a part of the municipality of Lingewaal, and lies about 8 km northeast of Gorinchem. It received city rights in 1391.In 2001, the town of Heukelum had 1967 inhabitants...
GW (1834-1910), founder of the St. Bernulphusgilde construction and pastor of St. Nicholas Church in the beautiful Jutphaas
Jutphaas
Jutphaas is a former village and municipality in the province of Utrecht in the Netherlands. The municipality merged with Vreeswijk in 1971, and is now the northern half of the town of Nieuwegein....
(now Nieuwegein Noord). Schaepman, Heukelum
Heukelum
Heukelum is a town in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is a part of the municipality of Lingewaal, and lies about 8 km northeast of Gorinchem. It received city rights in 1391.In 2001, the town of Heukelum had 1967 inhabitants...
and Van were also at the basis of what is now the Museum Catharijneconvent
Museum Catharijneconvent
The Museum Catharijneconvent is a national museum of religious art in Utrecht. It is located in the former Catharijneconvent, having been sited there since 1979. Its collections include those of the museum of religious art of the Catholic Archbishopric of Utrecht, located in the convent until...
in Utrecht
Utrecht
Utrecht is a city in the Netherlands.The name may also refer to:* Utrecht , of which Utrecht is the capital* Utrecht , including the city of Utrecht* Bishopric of Utrecht* Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht...
.
Schaepman had favored architect Wilhelm Victor Alfred Tepe
Wilhelm Victor Alfred Tepe
Wilhelm Victor Alfred Tepe was a Dutch architect. He is considered one of the most important and influential representatives of Gothic Revival architecture in the Netherlands during the 19th century. He designed and built many churches as well as other buildings, especially in the territory of...
, giving him a virtual monopoly on the building of new Catholic churches in the metropolitan territories of the Archdiocese of Utrecht. Only after the death of Archbishop
Archbishop
An archbishop is a bishop of higher rank, but not of higher sacramental order above that of the three orders of deacon, priest , and bishop...
Schaepman in 1882, was this monopoly slightly affected, and other architects had a chance of competing.
Schaepman attended the First Vatican Council
First Vatican Council
The First Vatican Council was convoked by Pope Pius IX on 29 June 1868, after a period of planning and preparation that began on 6 December 1864. This twentieth ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church, held three centuries after the Council of Trent, opened on 8 December 1869 and adjourned...
in part.
His portrait was lithographed by NJW de Roode an unknown artist.