Anglewing butterflies

Butterfly

A butterfly is a mainly day-flying insect of the order Lepidoptera, which includes the butterflies and moths. Like other holometabolous insects, the butterfly's life cycle consists of four parts: egg, larva, pupa and adult. Most species are diurnal. Butterflies have large, often brightly coloured...

 — (Papiliones angulati) sensu Schiffermueller, [1775]

A monophyletic group of nymphaline butterflies (tribe Nymphalini

Nymphalini

Nymphalini is a tribe of nymphalid brush-footed butterflies. Common names include admirals, anglewings, commas, and tortoiseshells, but neither of these is specific to one particular genus....

) inhabiting Northern hemisphere, characterized by a jagged outline of their wings and the ability to survive the winter months as adults in an obligatory hibernal diapause, hiding in various shelters (e.g., crevices, hollows, cavities, even unheated buildings). The signature mark of all Anglewing butterflies is the cryptic color and maculation of the ventral side of their wings, serving to conceal the hibernating butterfly against the substrate on which it rests.

Genera Inachis, Aglais

Aglais

Aglais is a genus of brush-footed butterflies, containing the Tortoiseshells. This genus is sometimes included as a subgenus of Nymphalis, which also includes Tortoiseshells, but it is usually considered to be separate.-Species:...

, Nymphalis

Nymphalis

Nymphalis, commonly known as Tortoiseshells, is a genus of brush-footed butterflies. The genera Aglais, Inachis, Polygonia, and Kaniska, are sometimes included as subgenera of Nymphalis but they are usually considered to be unique genera. See also Anglewing butterflies...

, Roddia

Nymphalis

Nymphalis, commonly known as Tortoiseshells, is a genus of brush-footed butterflies. The genera Aglais, Inachis, Polygonia, and Kaniska, are sometimes included as subgenera of Nymphalis but they are usually considered to be unique genera. See also Anglewing butterflies...

, Polygonia

Polygonia

Polygonia is a genus of butterflies with a conspicuous white mark on the underside of each hindwing, hence the common name Comma. They also have conspicuous angular notches on the outer edges of their forewings, hence the other common name Anglewing butterflies...

, and Kaniska.

Species synopsis

• Aglais caschmirensis, A. ichnusa, A. ladakensis, A. milberti, A. nixa, A. rizana, A. urticae – (Small Tortoiseshell
  Aglais
  Aglais is a genus of brush-footed butterflies, containing the Tortoiseshells. This genus is sometimes included as a subgenus of Nymphalis, which also includes Tortoiseshells, but it is usually considered to be separate.-Species:...
  
   (butterflies)
• Inachis io – Peacock butterfly
• Nymphalis antiopa, N. californica, N. cyanomelas, N. polychloros, N. xanthomelas – Tortoiseshell
  Nymphalis
  Nymphalis, commonly known as Tortoiseshells, is a genus of brush-footed butterflies. The genera Aglais, Inachis, Polygonia, and Kaniska, are sometimes included as subgenera of Nymphalis but they are usually considered to be unique genera. See also Anglewing butterflies...
  
    (butterflies], Mourning Cloak
• Roddia l-album, R. j-album – False Comma or Compton Tortoiseshell
• Polygonia c-album, P. c-aureum, P. comma, P. egea, P. faunus, P. gigantea, P. gracilis, P. g-argenteum, P. haroldii, P. interposita, P. interrogationis, P. progne, P. oreas, P. silenus – Comma
  Comma
  A comma is a type of punctuation mark . The word comes from the Greek komma , which means something cut off or a short clause.Comma may also refer to:* Comma , a type of interval in music theory...
  
   (butterflies)
• Kaniska canace – Blue Admiral