Anglican Use
Encyclopedia
The term Anglican Use has two meanings. First, it refers to parish churches founded by former Episcopalians
, members of the United States' branch of the Anglican Communion
, who have joined the Catholic Church (in particular, the Latin Rite). These parishes maintain some of the features of Anglicanism
and have been established in the Catholic Church under the Pastoral Provision
of 1980 issued by Pope John Paul II
. Anglican Use parishes currently exist only in the United States
. Many Anglican Use priests are former clergy of the Episcopal Church and most are married. In November 2009, Pope Benedict XVI
issued the Apostolic Constitution
Anglicanorum Coetibus, authorizing the establishment of personal ordinariate
s for former Anglicans. The first Ordinariate was established in England on January 15, 2011 under the title of Our Lady of Walsingham. At the meeting of the US Conference of Catholic Bishops in November 2011 it was announced that the Personal Ordinariate for the United States will be canonically established on January 1, 2012. It is expected that many of the parishes currently under the Anglican Use will enter the Ordinariate at that time.
Second, Anglican Use refers to the particular form of worship used in those churches, which is found in the Book of Divine Worship
. The liturgy can be used outside of Anglican Use parishes with the proper permission from the local Roman Catholic bishop
.
, the Anglican Use liturgy reflects many influences, including the Sarum Use, the English Missal
, and the 1928 and 1979 versions of the Episcopal Book of Common Prayer
, as well as the Roman Missal
. The regular Sunday Mass
is based on a 16th-century translation of the Latin Tridentine Mass
and is similar to Anglo-Catholic
services, altered to conform to all Roman Catholic doctrine. Distinctive features of such masses include 16th century English (e.g., "thee" and "thou"), greater use of incense and bell-ringing, the altar placed against the eastern wall, celebration of Solemn High Mass with the assistance of a deacon and subdeacon, and more traditional music, chants, and English hymns. Gender roles are also more traditional. All ceremonies are performed in English.
. In addition to establishing the liturgy and allowing for the parishes, the Pastoral Provision permits, on a case-by-case basis, the ordination of married men into the priesthood of the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church. The Pastoral Provision and the permission to celebrate the Anglican Use are not necessarily linked. Not all former Episcopal clergy have permission to celebrate using Anglican Use.
as well as Anglican Use, the Ambrosian Rite
of Milan
, the Mozarabic Rite
in parts of Spain, Braga Rite in some parts of northern Portugal, Zaire Use
in some parts of Africa, and other liturgical forms. The Catholic Church also includes several Eastern Catholic Churches, which are alongside the Latin Rite but not within it.
Anglican Use should not be confused with Anglo-Catholic
liturgies performed by parishes either within the Anglican Communion
or in the Continuing Anglican Movement
. These parishes are not in communion with the Roman Catholic Church. Many of these churches use the description "Catholic" because they differentiate between Roman Catholicism and being essentially Catholic
in doctrine but without acceptance of the authority of the Roman Catholic Church.
Other former Episcopal and Anglican parishes have left Anglican denominations for Western Rite Orthodoxy
and have become part of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia
or the Antiochian Western Rite Vicariate
.
The ordinariates would be treated largely as independent dioceses with their own liturgical practices based upon Anglican tradition and with the independent training of new priests in those traditions. The ordinariates can be led by a bishop or a priest. In practice, these ordinariates will be similar in structure to that of a military ordinariate
, such as the Roman Catholic Archdiocese for the Military Services of the United States.
The creation of the ordinariates was said by representatives of the Vatican to be in response to appeals from various Anglican groups around the world, such as the Traditional Anglican Communion
.
The first Anglican ordinariate, the Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of Walsingham
was created in England and Wales on 15 January 2011. About 900 former Anglicans in the United Kingdom, including 61 clergy, were expected to become members of the ordinariate during Holy Week
2011.
It has been announced that an Anglican ordinariate in the United States will be canonically established on January 1, 2012.http://usccb.org/about/leadership/usccb-general-assembly/anglicanorum-coetibus-apostolic-constitution-questions-answers.cfm The establishment of an Anglican ordinariate in Canada is expected by mid-year 2012. Another Anglican ordinariate had been expected to established in Australia by Easter
2011, but it has been indefinitely delayed.
Episcopal Church (United States)
The Episcopal Church is a mainline Anglican Christian church found mainly in the United States , but also in Honduras, Taiwan, Colombia, Ecuador, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Venezuela, the British Virgin Islands and parts of Europe...
, members of the United States' branch of the Anglican Communion
Anglican Communion
The Anglican Communion is an international association of national and regional Anglican churches in full communion with the Church of England and specifically with its principal primate, the Archbishop of Canterbury...
, who have joined the Catholic Church (in particular, the Latin Rite). These parishes maintain some of the features of Anglicanism
Anglicanism
Anglicanism is a tradition within Christianity comprising churches with historical connections to the Church of England or similar beliefs, worship and church structures. The word Anglican originates in ecclesia anglicana, a medieval Latin phrase dating to at least 1246 that means the English...
and have been established in the Catholic Church under the Pastoral Provision
Pastoral Provision
The "pastoral provision" or "statute" for United States Episcopalians entering the Catholic Church authorizes some departures for them from the normal practice of the Latin Rite...
of 1980 issued by Pope John Paul II
Pope John Paul II
Blessed Pope John Paul II , born Karol Józef Wojtyła , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and Sovereign of Vatican City from 16 October 1978 until his death on 2 April 2005, at of age. His was the second-longest documented pontificate, which lasted ; only Pope Pius IX ...
. Anglican Use parishes currently exist only in the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
. Many Anglican Use priests are former clergy of the Episcopal Church and most are married. In November 2009, Pope Benedict XVI
Pope Benedict XVI
Benedict XVI is the 265th and current Pope, by virtue of his office of Bishop of Rome, the Sovereign of the Vatican City State and the leader of the Catholic Church as well as the other 22 sui iuris Eastern Catholic Churches in full communion with the Holy See...
issued the Apostolic Constitution
Apostolic constitution
An apostolic constitution is the highest level of decree issued by the Pope. The use of the term constitution comes from Latin constitutio, which referred to any important law issued by the Roman emperor, and is retained in church documents because of the inheritance that the canon law of the...
Anglicanorum Coetibus, authorizing the establishment of personal ordinariate
Personal Ordinariate
A personal ordinariate is a canonical structure within the Catholic Church enabling former Anglicans to maintain some degree of corporate identity and autonomy with regard to the bishops of the geographical dioceses of the Catholic Church and to preserve elements of their distinctive Anglican...
s for former Anglicans. The first Ordinariate was established in England on January 15, 2011 under the title of Our Lady of Walsingham. At the meeting of the US Conference of Catholic Bishops in November 2011 it was announced that the Personal Ordinariate for the United States will be canonically established on January 1, 2012. It is expected that many of the parishes currently under the Anglican Use will enter the Ordinariate at that time.
Second, Anglican Use refers to the particular form of worship used in those churches, which is found in the Book of Divine Worship
Book of Divine Worship
The Book of Divine Worship ' is an adaptation of the American Book of Common Prayer by the Roman Catholic Church. It is used primarily by former members of the Episcopal Church within Anglican Use parishes.-History:...
. The liturgy can be used outside of Anglican Use parishes with the proper permission from the local Roman Catholic bishop
Bishop
A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight. Within the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox Churches, in the Assyrian Church of the East, in the Independent Catholic Churches, and in the...
.
Liturgy
Officially a variation of the widely used Roman RiteRoman Rite
The Roman Rite is the liturgical rite used in the Diocese of Rome in the Catholic Church. It is by far the most widespread of the Latin liturgical rites used within the Western or Latin autonomous particular Church, the particular Church that itself is also called the Latin Rite, and that is one of...
, the Anglican Use liturgy reflects many influences, including the Sarum Use, the English Missal
English Missal
The English Missal is a translation of the Roman Missal used by some liturgically advanced Anglo-Catholic parish churches. After its publication by W. Knott & Son Limited in 1912, the English Missal was rapidly endorsed by the growing Ritualist movement of Anglo-Catholic clergy, who viewed the...
, and the 1928 and 1979 versions of the Episcopal Book of Common Prayer
Book of Common Prayer
The Book of Common Prayer is the short title of a number of related prayer books used in the Anglican Communion, as well as by the Continuing Anglican, "Anglican realignment" and other Anglican churches. The original book, published in 1549 , in the reign of Edward VI, was a product of the English...
, as well as the Roman Missal
Roman Missal
The Roman Missal is the liturgical book that contains the texts and rubrics for the celebration of the Mass in the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church.-Situation before the Council of Trent:...
. The regular Sunday Mass
Mass (liturgy)
"Mass" is one of the names by which the sacrament of the Eucharist is called in the Roman Catholic Church: others are "Eucharist", the "Lord's Supper", the "Breaking of Bread", the "Eucharistic assembly ", the "memorial of the Lord's Passion and Resurrection", the "Holy Sacrifice", the "Holy and...
is based on a 16th-century translation of the Latin Tridentine Mass
Tridentine Mass
The Tridentine Mass is the form of the Roman Rite Mass contained in the typical editions of the Roman Missal that were published from 1570 to 1962. It was the most widely celebrated Mass liturgy in the world until the introduction of the Mass of Paul VI in December 1969...
and is similar to Anglo-Catholic
Anglo-Catholicism
The terms Anglo-Catholic and Anglo-Catholicism describe people, beliefs and practices within Anglicanism that affirm the Catholic, rather than Protestant, heritage and identity of the Anglican churches....
services, altered to conform to all Roman Catholic doctrine. Distinctive features of such masses include 16th century English (e.g., "thee" and "thou"), greater use of incense and bell-ringing, the altar placed against the eastern wall, celebration of Solemn High Mass with the assistance of a deacon and subdeacon, and more traditional music, chants, and English hymns. Gender roles are also more traditional. All ceremonies are performed in English.
Pastoral Provision
Anglican Use was created following the issuance of the Pastoral ProvisionPastoral Provision
The "pastoral provision" or "statute" for United States Episcopalians entering the Catholic Church authorizes some departures for them from the normal practice of the Latin Rite...
. In addition to establishing the liturgy and allowing for the parishes, the Pastoral Provision permits, on a case-by-case basis, the ordination of married men into the priesthood of the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church. The Pastoral Provision and the permission to celebrate the Anglican Use are not necessarily linked. Not all former Episcopal clergy have permission to celebrate using Anglican Use.
Communion
Anglican Use is a particular form of worship within the western Latin Rite of the Catholic Church. The Latin Rite includes the widely practiced and most common Roman RiteRoman Rite
The Roman Rite is the liturgical rite used in the Diocese of Rome in the Catholic Church. It is by far the most widespread of the Latin liturgical rites used within the Western or Latin autonomous particular Church, the particular Church that itself is also called the Latin Rite, and that is one of...
as well as Anglican Use, the Ambrosian Rite
Ambrosian Rite
Ambrosian Rite, also called the Milanese Rite, is a Catholic liturgical Western Rite. The rite is named after Saint Ambrose, a bishop of Milan in the fourth century...
of Milan
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan
The Archdiocese of Milan is a metropolitan see of the Catholic Church in Italy. It has long maintained its own rite: the Ambrosian rite. It is led by the Archbishop of Milan who serves as metropolitan to the dioceses of Bergamo, Brescia, Como, Crema, Cremona, Lodi, Mantova, Pavia, and Vigevano.The...
, the Mozarabic Rite
Mozarabic Rite
The Mozarabic, Visigothic, or Hispanic Rite is a form of Catholic worship within the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church, and in the Spanish Reformed Episcopal Church . Its beginning dates to the 7th century, and is localized in the Iberian Peninsula...
in parts of Spain, Braga Rite in some parts of northern Portugal, Zaire Use
Zaire Use
The Zaire Use is a variation of the common mass of the Roman Catholic Church. While containing many of the elements of the Ordinary Form of the mass of the Roman Rite, it incorporates elements from sub-Saharan African culture, a process referred to as "inculturation"...
in some parts of Africa, and other liturgical forms. The Catholic Church also includes several Eastern Catholic Churches, which are alongside the Latin Rite but not within it.
Anglican Use should not be confused with Anglo-Catholic
Anglo-Catholicism
The terms Anglo-Catholic and Anglo-Catholicism describe people, beliefs and practices within Anglicanism that affirm the Catholic, rather than Protestant, heritage and identity of the Anglican churches....
liturgies performed by parishes either within the Anglican Communion
Anglican Communion
The Anglican Communion is an international association of national and regional Anglican churches in full communion with the Church of England and specifically with its principal primate, the Archbishop of Canterbury...
or in the Continuing Anglican Movement
Continuing Anglican Movement
The term Continuing Anglican movement refers to a number of churches in various countries that have been formed outside of the Anglican Communion. These churches generally believe that "traditional" forms of Anglican faith and worship have been unacceptably revised or abandoned within some...
. These parishes are not in communion with the Roman Catholic Church. Many of these churches use the description "Catholic" because they differentiate between Roman Catholicism and being essentially Catholic
Catholic
The word catholic comes from the Greek phrase , meaning "on the whole," "according to the whole" or "in general", and is a combination of the Greek words meaning "about" and meaning "whole"...
in doctrine but without acceptance of the authority of the Roman Catholic Church.
Other former Episcopal and Anglican parishes have left Anglican denominations for Western Rite Orthodoxy
Western Rite Orthodoxy
Western Rite Orthodoxy or Western Orthodoxy or Orthodox Western Rite are terms used to describe congregations and groups which are in communion with Eastern Orthodox Churches or Oriental Orthodox Churches using traditional Western liturgies rather than adopting Eastern liturgies such as the Divine...
and have become part of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia
Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia
The Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia , also called the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad, ROCA, or ROCOR) is a semi-autonomous part of the Russian Orthodox Church....
or the Antiochian Western Rite Vicariate
Antiochian Western Rite Vicariate
The Antiochian Western Rite Vicariate is the successor within canonical Orthodoxy of the Society of St. Basil.-Origins:The Western Rite Vicariate began when the Society of St...
.
Membership
Anglican Use parishes currently are few and found only in certain dioceses of the United States. Any group of Anglicans seeking to join the Catholic Church and become an Anglican Use parish must have the permission of the local Catholic bishop.Personal ordinariates
On 16 November 2009, Pope Benedict XVI announced the intended creation of new structures within the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church for former Anglicans. The apostolic constitution, Anglicanorum coetibus, allows for the creation of personal ordinariates to be made up of and led by former Anglicans. It is expected that all current Anglican Use parishes currently under diocesan bishops will join a newly created Anglican ordinariate and that the liturgy of the new ordinariates will be similar to the current Anglican Use.The ordinariates would be treated largely as independent dioceses with their own liturgical practices based upon Anglican tradition and with the independent training of new priests in those traditions. The ordinariates can be led by a bishop or a priest. In practice, these ordinariates will be similar in structure to that of a military ordinariate
Military ordinariate
A military ordinariate is an ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic Church, of Latin or Eastern Rite, responsible for the pastoral care of Catholics serving in the armed forces of a nation....
, such as the Roman Catholic Archdiocese for the Military Services of the United States.
The creation of the ordinariates was said by representatives of the Vatican to be in response to appeals from various Anglican groups around the world, such as the Traditional Anglican Communion
Traditional Anglican Communion
The Traditional Anglican Communion is an international communion of churches in the continuing Anglican movement independent of the Anglican Communion and the Archbishop of Canterbury. The TAC upholds the theological doctrines of the Affirmation of St. Louis and an Anglo-Catholic interpretation of...
.
The first Anglican ordinariate, the Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of Walsingham
Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of Walsingham
The Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of Walsingham is a personal ordinariate of the Roman Catholic Church within the territory of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of England and Wales, but immediately subject to the Holy See in Rome and encompassing Scotland...
was created in England and Wales on 15 January 2011. About 900 former Anglicans in the United Kingdom, including 61 clergy, were expected to become members of the ordinariate during Holy Week
Holy Week
Holy Week in Christianity is the last week of Lent and the week before Easter...
2011.
It has been announced that an Anglican ordinariate in the United States will be canonically established on January 1, 2012.
Easter
Easter is the central feast in the Christian liturgical year. According to the Canonical gospels, Jesus rose from the dead on the third day after his crucifixion. His resurrection is celebrated on Easter Day or Easter Sunday...
2011, but it has been indefinitely delayed.
Parishes and missions
Listed by city and state.- Saint Paul’s Anglican Use,Phoenix, Arizona http://saintpaulsanglicanuse.org/
- California AU Catholic Laity, St. Francis of Assisi Church, La Quinta, California
- Atlanta Area AU Catholic Laity, Dunwoody, Georgia
- Mount Calvary, Baltimore, Maryland http://www.mountcalvary.com
- All Saints Sisters of the Poor, Cantonsville, Maryland http://www.asspconvent.org/welcome.htm
- St. Athanasius Congregation, Boston, Massachusetts http://www.locutor.net/
- Our Lady of Hope Society, Kansas City, Missouri http://www.ourladyofhopesociety.org/
- St. Augustine of Canterbury Society, Springfield, Missouri http://www.anglicancatholics.com/
- St. Thomas More Society, St. Clare Church, Scranton, Pennsylvania http://www.stthomasmoresociety.org/
- St. Mary the Virgin, Arlington, Texas http://www.stmarythevirgin.org/
- St. Anselm of Canterbury Catholic Mission, Corpus Christi, Texas http://www.rc.net/corpuschristi/stanselm/
- St. Thomas More Fort Worth, Texas
- Our Lady of Walsingham, Houston, Texas http://www.walsingham-church.org
- Our Lady of the Atonement, San Antonio, Texas http://www.atonementonline.com
- Cathedral of the Incarnation, Orlando, FL http://www.theparish.org/
See also
- Anglicanorum Coetibus
- Book of Divine WorshipBook of Divine WorshipThe Book of Divine Worship ' is an adaptation of the American Book of Common Prayer by the Roman Catholic Church. It is used primarily by former members of the Episcopal Church within Anglican Use parishes.-History:...
- Pastoral ProvisionPastoral ProvisionThe "pastoral provision" or "statute" for United States Episcopalians entering the Catholic Church authorizes some departures for them from the normal practice of the Latin Rite...
- Personal OrdinariatePersonal OrdinariateA personal ordinariate is a canonical structure within the Catholic Church enabling former Anglicans to maintain some degree of corporate identity and autonomy with regard to the bishops of the geographical dioceses of the Catholic Church and to preserve elements of their distinctive Anglican...
- including the first created, the Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of WalsinghamPersonal Ordinariate of Our Lady of WalsinghamThe Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of Walsingham is a personal ordinariate of the Roman Catholic Church within the territory of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of England and Wales, but immediately subject to the Holy See in Rome and encompassing Scotland... - Sarum RiteSarum RiteThe Sarum Rite was a variant of the Roman Rite widely used for the ordering of Christian public worship, including the Mass and the Divine Office...
- Unitatis RedintegratioUnitatis RedintegratioUnitatis Redintegratio is the Second Vatican Council's Decree on Ecumenism. It was passed by a vote of 2,137 to 11 of the bishops assembled and was promulgated by Pope Paul VI on November 21, 1964...
- Western Rite OrthodoxyWestern Rite OrthodoxyWestern Rite Orthodoxy or Western Orthodoxy or Orthodox Western Rite are terms used to describe congregations and groups which are in communion with Eastern Orthodox Churches or Oriental Orthodox Churches using traditional Western liturgies rather than adopting Eastern liturgies such as the Divine...
External links
- Anglican Use Society
- Pastoral Provision
- The Book of Divine Worship (BDW)
- Online version of Anglican Use Mass, Rite 1, according to the BDW
- Online version of the Daily Office from the BDW
- Unitatis Redintegratio, Decree from Second Vatican CouncilSecond Vatican CouncilThe Second Vatican Council addressed relations between the Roman Catholic Church and the modern world. It was the twenty-first Ecumenical Council of the Catholic Church and the second to be held at St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican. It opened under Pope John XXIII on 11 October 1962 and closed...
- Document establishing the Anglican Use, July 22, 1980
- A Place Has Been Prepared: "Anglican Use" Catholic Parishes (article)
- Historical documents on Anglican-Roman Catholic relations
- Text of the Anglican Use Mass