Anne Henriette of Bavaria
Encyclopedia
Anne Henriette of Palatinate-Simmern, in France known as Anne Henriette of Bavaria (Anne Henriette Julie; 13 March 1648 – 23 February 1723) was a Princess of Palatinate-Simmern by birth and by her marriage in 1663, the Duchess of Enghien
and then the Princess of Condé
. She was also the Prince
ss of Arches in her own right from 1708.
the second of three daughters to Edward, Count Palatine of Simmern and his wife Anna Gonzaga
. She was engaged to the Duke of Enghien. He was known as Monsieur le Duc
at the court of Louis XIV of France
. The Duke was the heir of the infamous Grand Condé
.
The marriage ceremony took place at the Palais du Louvre
on 11 December 1663. She took on the title of Duchess of Enghien. She held that title till the death of her father-in-law in 1684. It was at her father-in-laws death that Anne Henriette took on the style of Madame la Princess
.
Her husband, though he suffered from Clinical lycanthropy
, was greatly supported by his wife, known in French as Anne Henriette, princesse Palatine. Anne Henriette and her husband had 10 children in all.
Anne Henriette described as very pious generous and charitable, was well praised by many at court due to her very supportive nature towards her husband. Despite that her husband, who was prone to great rages, would often beat his quiet wife. Out of her many children, five survived infancy. Four of those went onto marry.
Her mother was instrumental at helping bring about a marriage between her niece by marriage, Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate
and the brother of Louis XIV of France
, Philippe de France, duc d'Orléans
in 1671. Elizabeth Charlotte was Anne Henriette's first cousin, their fathers being brothers. A niece of Anne Henriette was Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick, ancestress of Louis XVI
.
In 1708, when her cousin Charles IV, Duke of Mantua
died, Anne Henriette became the Princess of Arches in her own right, her being his heiress. He was the last Duke of Mantua. The next year, her husband died in Paris on 1 April 1709 aged 65 making her son, Louis, the next Prince of Condé.
Louis died th next year and as such, his son Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon was the next holder of the title. Anne Henriette was the princess who gave the name of Rue Palatine to a road in the 6th arrondissement of Paris where she had lived in the Petit Luxembourg, next to the Luxembourg Palace
in Paris. Anne Henriette also owned the Château du Raincy
which was sold to the House of Orléans
in 1769.
Anne Henriette died in Paris at the age of 74 having outlived her husband and all but 2 of he children; the Princess of Conti and the Duchess of Maine.
On her death the principality of Arches became extinct; the title was claimed by her son, the Prince of Condé and her nephew, the son of her sister, Louise Marie of Bavaria. She was buried at the Carmel du faubourg Saint-Jacques in Paris.
Duke of Enghien
The title of Duke of Enghien may, like many noble titles, refer to any of several historical figures.-Dukes of Enghien - first creation :...
and then the Princess of Condé
Princess of Condé
- Princess of Condé :-See also:*Duchess of Bourbon*Duchess of Guise*Duchess of Enghien*Duchess of Montmorency...
. She was also the Prince
Prince
Prince is a general term for a ruler, monarch or member of a monarch's or former monarch's family, and is a hereditary title in the nobility of some European states. The feminine equivalent is a princess...
ss of Arches in her own right from 1708.
Biography
She was born in ParisParis
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
the second of three daughters to Edward, Count Palatine of Simmern and his wife Anna Gonzaga
Anna Gonzaga
Anne Gonzaga was a French noblewoman and political hostess of Italian descent. She was by marriage Countess Palatine of Simmern, called "Princess Palatine", as the wife of Edward of the Palatinate, a grandson of King James I of England and an uncle of King George I of Great Britain. She bore...
. She was engaged to the Duke of Enghien. He was known as Monsieur le Duc
Prince du Sang
A prince of the blood was a person who was legitimately descended in the male line from the monarch of a country. In France, the rank of prince du sang was the highest held at court after the immediate family of the king during the ancien régime and the Bourbon Restoration...
at the court of Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV , known as Louis the Great or the Sun King , was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and Navarre. His reign, from 1643 to his death in 1715, began at the age of four and lasted seventy-two years, three months, and eighteen days...
. The Duke was the heir of the infamous Grand Condé
Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Condé
Louis de Bourbon, Prince of Condé was a French general and the most famous representative of the Condé branch of the House of Bourbon. Prior to his father's death in 1646, he was styled the Duc d'Enghien...
.
The marriage ceremony took place at the Palais du Louvre
Palais du Louvre
The Louvre Palace , on the Right Bank of the Seine in Paris, is a former royal palace situated between the Tuileries Gardens and the church of Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois...
on 11 December 1663. She took on the title of Duchess of Enghien. She held that title till the death of her father-in-law in 1684. It was at her father-in-laws death that Anne Henriette took on the style of Madame la Princess
Prince du Sang
A prince of the blood was a person who was legitimately descended in the male line from the monarch of a country. In France, the rank of prince du sang was the highest held at court after the immediate family of the king during the ancien régime and the Bourbon Restoration...
.
Her husband, though he suffered from Clinical lycanthropy
Clinical lycanthropy
Clinical lycanthropy is defined as a rare psychiatric syndrome that involves a delusion that the affected person can transform or has transformed into a non-human animal or that he or she is an animal. Its name is connected to the mythical condition of lycanthropy, a supernatural affliction in...
, was greatly supported by his wife, known in French as Anne Henriette, princesse Palatine. Anne Henriette and her husband had 10 children in all.
Anne Henriette described as very pious generous and charitable, was well praised by many at court due to her very supportive nature towards her husband. Despite that her husband, who was prone to great rages, would often beat his quiet wife. Out of her many children, five survived infancy. Four of those went onto marry.
Her mother was instrumental at helping bring about a marriage between her niece by marriage, Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate
Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate
Elizabeth Charlotte, Princess Palatine was a German princess and the wife of Philippe I, Duke of Orléans, younger brother of Louis XIV of France. Her vast correspondence provides a detailed account of the personalities and activities at the court of her brother-in-law, Louis XIV...
and the brother of Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV , known as Louis the Great or the Sun King , was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and Navarre. His reign, from 1643 to his death in 1715, began at the age of four and lasted seventy-two years, three months, and eighteen days...
, Philippe de France, duc d'Orléans
Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
Philippe of France was the youngest son of Louis XIII of France and his queen consort Anne of Austria. His older brother was the famous Louis XIV, le roi soleil. Styled Duke of Anjou from birth, Philippe became Duke of Orléans upon the death of his uncle Gaston, Duke of Orléans...
in 1671. Elizabeth Charlotte was Anne Henriette's first cousin, their fathers being brothers. A niece of Anne Henriette was Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick, ancestress of Louis XVI
Louis XVI of France
Louis XVI was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and Navarre until 1791, and then as King of the French from 1791 to 1792, before being executed in 1793....
.
In 1708, when her cousin Charles IV, Duke of Mantua
Charles IV, Duke of Mantua
Ferdinando Carlo Gonzaga was the only child of Duke Charles II of Mantua and Montferrat, and the last ruler of the Duchy of Mantua of the House of Gonzaga.-Biography:...
died, Anne Henriette became the Princess of Arches in her own right, her being his heiress. He was the last Duke of Mantua. The next year, her husband died in Paris on 1 April 1709 aged 65 making her son, Louis, the next Prince of Condé.
Louis died th next year and as such, his son Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon was the next holder of the title. Anne Henriette was the princess who gave the name of Rue Palatine to a road in the 6th arrondissement of Paris where she had lived in the Petit Luxembourg, next to the Luxembourg Palace
Luxembourg Palace
The Luxembourg Palace in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, north of the Luxembourg Garden , is the seat of the French Senate.The formal Luxembourg Garden presents a 25-hectare green parterre of gravel and lawn populated with statues and provided with large basins of water where children sail model...
in Paris. Anne Henriette also owned the Château du Raincy
Château du Raincy
The Château du Raincy was constructed between 1643 and 1650 by Jacques Bordier, indendant des finances, on the site of a Benedectine priory on the road from Paris to Meaux, in the present-day commune of Le Raincy in the Seine-Saint-Denis department of France.-The Château:Louis Le Vau was put in...
which was sold to the House of Orléans
House of Orleans
Orléans is the name used by several branches of the Royal House of France, all descended in the legitimate male line from the dynasty's founder, Hugh Capet. It became a tradition during France's ancien régime for the duchy of Orléans to be granted as an appanage to a younger son of the king...
in 1769.
Anne Henriette died in Paris at the age of 74 having outlived her husband and all but 2 of he children; the Princess of Conti and the Duchess of Maine.
On her death the principality of Arches became extinct; the title was claimed by her son, the Prince of Condé and her nephew, the son of her sister, Louise Marie of Bavaria. She was buried at the Carmel du faubourg Saint-Jacques in Paris.
Issue
- Marie Thérèse de Bourbon (1 February 1666 – 22 February 1732) married François Louis, Prince of ContiFrançois Louis, Prince of ContiFrançois Louis de Bourbon, Prince of Conti was Prince de Conti, succeeding his brother Louis Armand I, Prince of Conti in 1685. Until this date he used the title of Prince of La Roche-sur-Yon. He was son of Armand de Bourbon and Anne Marie Martinozzi, niece of Cardinal Jules Mazarin...
and had issue. - Henri de Bourbon, Duke of Bourbon (5 November 1667 – 5 July 1670) died in infancy.
- Louis de BourbonLouis III, Prince of CondéLouis de Bourbon, , was Prince of Condé for less than a year, following the death of his father Henry III, Prince of Condé in 1709...
, Duke of Bourbon (10 November 1668 – 4 March 1710) married Louise Françoise de Bourbon and had issue. - Anne de Bourbon, Mademoiselle d’Enghien (11 November 1670 – 27 May 1675) died in infancy.
- Henri de Bourbon, Count of Clermont (3 July 1672 – 6 June 1675) died in infancy.
- Louis Henri de Bourbon, Count of La Marche (9 November 1673 – 21 February 1677) died in infancy.
- Anne Marie de Bourbon, Mademoiselle de Condé (11 August 1675 – 23 October 1700) died unmarried.
- Louise Bénédicte de Bourbon (8 November 1676 – 23 January 1753) married Louis Auguste, Duke of Maine and hd issue.
- Marie Anne de Bourbon (24 February 1678 – 11 April 1718) married Louis Joseph, Duke of Vendôme no issue.
- Mademoiselle de Clermont (17 July 1679 – 17 September 1680) died in infancy.
Ancestry
Titles and styles
- 13 March, 1648 – 11 December, 1663 Her Serene HighnessSerene HighnessHis/Her Serene Highness is a style used today by the reigning families of Liechtenstein and Monaco. It also preceded the princely titles of members of some German ruling and mediatised dynasties as well as some non-ruling but princely German noble families until 1918...
Anna Henrietta Julia of Bavaria - 11 December 1663 – 11 November, 1686 Her Serene HighnessSerene HighnessHis/Her Serene Highness is a style used today by the reigning families of Liechtenstein and Monaco. It also preceded the princely titles of members of some German ruling and mediatised dynasties as well as some non-ruling but princely German noble families until 1918...
the Duchess of Enghien - 11 November 1686 – 1 April, 1709 Her Serene HighnessSerene HighnessHis/Her Serene Highness is a style used today by the reigning families of Liechtenstein and Monaco. It also preceded the princely titles of members of some German ruling and mediatised dynasties as well as some non-ruling but princely German noble families until 1918...
the Princess of Condé - 1 April 1709 – 23 February, 1723 Her Serene HighnessSerene HighnessHis/Her Serene Highness is a style used today by the reigning families of Liechtenstein and Monaco. It also preceded the princely titles of members of some German ruling and mediatised dynasties as well as some non-ruling but princely German noble families until 1918...
the Dowager Princess of Condé