Annexationism
Encyclopedia
Annexationism is the desire to be annexed by another polity.
This may represent itself on the smallest scale in small communities that desire to be annexed by a larger city.
At the largest level, entire countries may desire to become part of a neighbour.
Annexationism is related to irredentism
which is the desire of larger states to annex all or part of smaller states. The opposite of annexationism is separatism
.
applied to join the United States
.
After World War I
many Austrians
wanted an Anschluss
, or union with Germany.
Communists with many of the early Soviet republic
s wanted to be annexed by Soviet Russia. This led to the Union Treaty
of 1922.
Post-soviet breakaway republics of South Ossetia
, Abkhazia
and Transnistria
want to join Russia
. The degree of supposed integration varies: South Ossetia
wants to unite with Russian republic of North Ossetia-Alania
, Transnistria
wishes to become separate federal subject of Russia
and Abkhazia
wishes to get associated status.
In Canada, several annexationist movements
have sprung up arguing that all or some of Canada's provinces should join the United States. The most prominent were the group of influential business and political leaders, including Louis-Joseph Papineau, who signed the Montreal Annexation Manifesto
of 1849; and leaders of the 1837 Rebellions in Upper (see "Republic of Canada
") and Lower Canada. See under Annexationist movements of Canada
.
This may represent itself on the smallest scale in small communities that desire to be annexed by a larger city.
At the largest level, entire countries may desire to become part of a neighbour.
Annexationism is related to irredentism
Irredentism
Irredentism is any position advocating annexation of territories administered by another state on the grounds of common ethnicity or prior historical possession, actual or alleged. Some of these movements are also called pan-nationalist movements. It is a feature of identity politics and cultural...
which is the desire of larger states to annex all or part of smaller states. The opposite of annexationism is separatism
Separatism
Separatism is the advocacy of a state of cultural, ethnic, tribal, religious, racial, governmental or gender separation from the larger group. While it often refers to full political secession, separatist groups may seek nothing more than greater autonomy...
.
Examples
Republic of TexasRepublic of Texas
The Republic of Texas was an independent nation in North America, bordering the United States and Mexico, that existed from 1836 to 1846.Formed as a break-away republic from Mexico by the Texas Revolution, the state claimed borders that encompassed an area that included all of the present U.S...
applied to join the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
.
After World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
many Austrians
Austrians
Austrians are a nation and ethnic group, consisting of the population of the Republic of Austria and its historical predecessor states who share a common Austrian culture and Austrian descent....
wanted an Anschluss
Anschluss
The Anschluss , also known as the ', was the occupation and annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany in 1938....
, or union with Germany.
Weimar Republic
The Weimar Republic is the name given by historians to the parliamentary republic established in 1919 in Germany to replace the imperial form of government...
Communists with many of the early Soviet republic
Republics of the Soviet Union
The Republics of the Soviet Union or the Union Republics of the Soviet Union were ethnically-based administrative units that were subordinated directly to the Government of the Soviet Union...
s wanted to be annexed by Soviet Russia. This led to the Union Treaty
Treaty on the Creation of the USSR
The Treaty on the Creation of the USSR is a document that legalized the creation of a union of several Soviet republics in the form of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics...
of 1922.
Post-soviet breakaway republics of South Ossetia
South Ossetia
South Ossetia or Tskhinvali Region is a disputed region and partly recognized state in the South Caucasus, located in the territory of the South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast within the former Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic....
, Abkhazia
Abkhazia
Abkhazia is a disputed political entity on the eastern coast of the Black Sea and the south-western flank of the Caucasus.Abkhazia considers itself an independent state, called the Republic of Abkhazia or Apsny...
and Transnistria
Transnistria
Transnistria is a breakaway territory located mostly on a strip of land between the Dniester River and the eastern Moldovan border to Ukraine...
want to join Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
. The degree of supposed integration varies: South Ossetia
South Ossetia
South Ossetia or Tskhinvali Region is a disputed region and partly recognized state in the South Caucasus, located in the territory of the South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast within the former Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic....
wants to unite with Russian republic of North Ossetia-Alania
North Ossetia-Alania
The Republic of North Ossetia–Alania is a federal subject of Russia . Its population according to the 2010 Census was 712,877.-Name:...
, Transnistria
Transnistria
Transnistria is a breakaway territory located mostly on a strip of land between the Dniester River and the eastern Moldovan border to Ukraine...
wishes to become separate federal subject of Russia
Federal subjects of Russia
Russia is a federation which, since March 1, 2008, consists of 83 federal subjects . In 1993, when the Constitution was adopted, there were 89 federal subjects listed...
and Abkhazia
Abkhazia
Abkhazia is a disputed political entity on the eastern coast of the Black Sea and the south-western flank of the Caucasus.Abkhazia considers itself an independent state, called the Republic of Abkhazia or Apsny...
wishes to get associated status.
In Canada, several annexationist movements
Annexationist movements of Canada
From the Independence of the United States of America until today, various annexationist movements in Canada have campaigned in favour of U.S. annexation of parts or all of Canada...
have sprung up arguing that all or some of Canada's provinces should join the United States. The most prominent were the group of influential business and political leaders, including Louis-Joseph Papineau, who signed the Montreal Annexation Manifesto
Montreal Annexation Manifesto
The Montreal Annexation Manifesto was a political document dated September 14, 1849 and signed in Montreal, Quebec, calling for Canada's annexation by the United States....
of 1849; and leaders of the 1837 Rebellions in Upper (see "Republic of Canada
Republic of Canada
The Republic of Canada was a declared government proclaimed by William Lyon Mackenzie on December 13, 1837. The self proclaimed government was established on Navy Island in the Niagara River in the latter days of the Upper Canada Rebellion after Mackenzie and 200 of his followers retreated from...
") and Lower Canada. See under Annexationist movements of Canada
Annexationist movements of Canada
From the Independence of the United States of America until today, various annexationist movements in Canada have campaigned in favour of U.S. annexation of parts or all of Canada...
.