Antiochia ad Cragum
Encyclopedia
Antiochia ad Cragum also known as Antiochetta or Latin
: Antiochia Parva (meaning "small Antiochia") is an ancient Hellenistic city on Cragus
(or Cragos or Kragos) mountain overlooking the Mediterranean
coast, in the region of Cilicia Trachea, in Anatolia
(the site is now located at Güney, Antalya Province
, Turkey
). http://www.ancientlibrary.com/gazetteer/0039.html Some scholars claim an identity of Antiochia ad Cragum with the city Cragus
(Kragos) or, although it lies more than 100 km away, with Sidyma, which some scholars assert was the Lycian Cragus
(Kragos).
The city was founded by Antiochus IV Epiphanes
in approximately 170 BC. It minted coins from the mid-1st century to the mid-2nd century; the last known of which were issued under Roman Emperor Valerian
. In Byzantine
times, it was the seat of a bishop. The city became part of the kingdom of Lesser Armenia
in the 12th century. In 1332, the Knights Hospitallers took the city, after which it was known variously as Antiochetta, Antiocheta, Antiocheta in Rufine (Papal bull
of Pope John XXII
), and Antiochia Parva.
The city remains a titular see
of the Roman Catholic Church
, Antiochia Parva; it has been vacant since the death of the last bishop
in 1964. The Italian
name of the see is "Antiochia Minore". http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/d3a31.html
Ruins of the city remain, and include fortifications, baths, chapels, and a Roman
necropolis
.
Latin
Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
: Antiochia Parva (meaning "small Antiochia") is an ancient Hellenistic city on Cragus
Mount Cragus (Cilicia)
Mount Cragus or Mount Cragos or Mount Kragos was a mountain in ancient Cilicia, Asia Minor; its location is in modern-day Antalya Province, Turkey. At its foot was Antiochia ad Cragum....
(or Cragos or Kragos) mountain overlooking the Mediterranean
Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean surrounded by the Mediterranean region and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Anatolia and Europe, on the south by North Africa, and on the east by the Levant...
coast, in the region of Cilicia Trachea, in Anatolia
Anatolia
Anatolia is a geographic and historical term denoting the westernmost protrusion of Asia, comprising the majority of the Republic of Turkey...
(the site is now located at Güney, Antalya Province
Antalya Province
Antalya Province is located on the Mediterranean coast of south-west Turkey, between the Taurus Mountains and the Mediterranean sea.Antalya Province is the centre of Turkey's tourism industry, attracting 30% of foreign tourists visiting Turkey. The province of Antalya corresponds to the lands of...
, Turkey
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
). http://www.ancientlibrary.com/gazetteer/0039.html Some scholars claim an identity of Antiochia ad Cragum with the city Cragus
Cragus (Cilicia)
Cragus or Cragos or Kragos was an ancient city in Cilicia, Asia Minor at the foot of Mount Cragus; its location is in modern-day Antalya Province, Turkey. Some scholars claim that it is the same city as Antiochia ad Cragum....
(Kragos) or, although it lies more than 100 km away, with Sidyma, which some scholars assert was the Lycian Cragus
Cragus (Lycia)
Cragus or Cragos or Kragos was an ancient city of Lycia, Asia Minor near or on Mount Cragus; its location is in modern-day Turkey . Strabo , describes Cragus as a city amidst Mount Cragus...
(Kragos).
The city was founded by Antiochus IV Epiphanes
Antiochus IV Epiphanes
Antiochus IV Epiphanes ruled the Seleucid Empire from 175 BC until his death in 164 BC. He was a son of King Antiochus III the Great. His original name was Mithridates; he assumed the name Antiochus after he ascended the throne....
in approximately 170 BC. It minted coins from the mid-1st century to the mid-2nd century; the last known of which were issued under Roman Emperor Valerian
Valerian (emperor)
Valerian , also known as Valerian the Elder, was Roman Emperor from 253 to 260. He was taken captive by Persian king Shapur I after the Battle of Edessa, becoming the only Roman Emperor who was captured as a prisoner of war, resulting in wide-ranging instability across the Empire.-Origins and rise...
. In Byzantine
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire was the Eastern Roman Empire during the periods of Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, centred on the capital of Constantinople. Known simply as the Roman Empire or Romania to its inhabitants and neighbours, the Empire was the direct continuation of the Ancient Roman State...
times, it was the seat of a bishop. The city became part of the kingdom of Lesser Armenia
Lesser Armenia
Lesser Armenia , also known as Armenia Minor and Armenia Inferior, refers to the Armenian populated regions, primarily to the West and North-West of the ancient Armenian Kingdom...
in the 12th century. In 1332, the Knights Hospitallers took the city, after which it was known variously as Antiochetta, Antiocheta, Antiocheta in Rufine (Papal bull
Papal bull
A Papal bull is a particular type of letters patent or charter issued by a Pope of the Catholic Church. It is named after the bulla that was appended to the end in order to authenticate it....
of Pope John XXII
Pope John XXII
Pope John XXII , born Jacques Duèze , was pope from 1316 to 1334. He was the second Pope of the Avignon Papacy , elected by a conclave in Lyon assembled by Philip V of France...
), and Antiochia Parva.
The city remains a titular see
Titular see
A titular see in various churches is an episcopal see of a former diocese that no longer functions, sometimes called a "dead diocese". The ordinary or hierarch of such a see may be styled a "titular bishop", "titular metropolitan", or "titular archbishop"....
of the Roman Catholic Church
Roman Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church, with over a billion members. Led by the Pope, it defines its mission as spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ, administering the sacraments and exercising charity...
, Antiochia Parva; it has been vacant since the death of the last bishop
Bishop
A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight. Within the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox Churches, in the Assyrian Church of the East, in the Independent Catholic Churches, and in the...
in 1964. The Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
name of the see is "Antiochia Minore". http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/d3a31.html
Ruins of the city remain, and include fortifications, baths, chapels, and a Roman
Ancient Rome
Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....
necropolis
Necropolis
A necropolis is a large cemetery or burial ground, usually including structural tombs. The word comes from the Greek νεκρόπολις - nekropolis, literally meaning "city of the dead"...
.