Anzin-Saint-Aubin
Encyclopedia
Anzin-Saint-Aubin is a commune
in the Pas-de-Calais department in northern France
.
, at the junction of the D341, D60 and D64 roads, by the banks of the river Scarpe.
The parish was created around the 12th century, with the church being built at Saint Aubin (the larger of the two villages).
The name of Anzin (Anzinum) appears around 866-870, that of Saint Aubin (Sancti Albini of Marex) only appears in 1154.
In the 16th century, the abbey at Saint Vaast built a watermill at Anzin. This mill (its remains still exist) mostly manufactured oil but also gunpowder and paper.
During the years 1793-1794 the town became "the united brothers" under revolutionary leadership. The commune was first created in 1790 with the election of the first municipal council and the mayor, Noël Douchet, a 56 year old farmer. All the property of the church was sold.
In the early 19th century, Anzin grew in population and many houses were built along the old Roman road
, the Chausée Brunehaut.
The village was all but destroyed during World War I
, having served as a base for soldiers and artillery. The church and the chateau were transformed into hospitals.
The population suffered again during the Second World War, from 1939–1945, as more people died in battle or in captivity, while others participated in the resistance or helping prisoners to escape.
Since 1950, the town has experienced strong growth as the numbers involved in farming declined. The population increased from 1052 inhabitants in 1970 to 2553 in 1990 and nearly 3000 in 2006. This is one of the largest growth rates in the Pas-de-Calais.
Communes of France
The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. French communes are roughly equivalent to incorporated municipalities or villages in the United States or Gemeinden in Germany...
in the Pas-de-Calais department in northern France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
.
Geography
A suburb located 2 miles (3 km) northwest of ArrasArras
Arras is the capital of the Pas-de-Calais department in northern France. The historic centre of the Artois region, its local speech is characterized as a Picard dialect...
, at the junction of the D341, D60 and D64 roads, by the banks of the river Scarpe.
History
Anzin St. Aubin was formed from two villages: Saint Aubin, formerly Saint Aubin in the Marsh, on the road to Arras, by the Scarpe river and Anzin, on the same road, but further east, bordering on Arras.The parish was created around the 12th century, with the church being built at Saint Aubin (the larger of the two villages).
The name of Anzin (Anzinum) appears around 866-870, that of Saint Aubin (Sancti Albini of Marex) only appears in 1154.
In the 16th century, the abbey at Saint Vaast built a watermill at Anzin. This mill (its remains still exist) mostly manufactured oil but also gunpowder and paper.
During the years 1793-1794 the town became "the united brothers" under revolutionary leadership. The commune was first created in 1790 with the election of the first municipal council and the mayor, Noël Douchet, a 56 year old farmer. All the property of the church was sold.
In the early 19th century, Anzin grew in population and many houses were built along the old Roman road
Roman road
The Roman roads were a vital part of the development of the Roman state, from about 500 BC through the expansion during the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. Roman roads enabled the Romans to move armies and trade goods and to communicate. The Roman road system spanned more than 400,000 km...
, the Chausée Brunehaut.
The village was all but destroyed during World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, having served as a base for soldiers and artillery. The church and the chateau were transformed into hospitals.
The population suffered again during the Second World War, from 1939–1945, as more people died in battle or in captivity, while others participated in the resistance or helping prisoners to escape.
Since 1950, the town has experienced strong growth as the numbers involved in farming declined. The population increased from 1052 inhabitants in 1970 to 2553 in 1990 and nearly 3000 in 2006. This is one of the largest growth rates in the Pas-de-Calais.
Population
Places of interest
- The church of St.Aubin, dating from the seventeenth century.
- The church of Sacré-coeur, dating from the nineteenth century.
- The eighteenth century chateau, nowadays the mairie.
- The brightly-painted water-tower.
- Arras golfGolfGolf is a precision club and ball sport, in which competing players use many types of clubs to hit balls into a series of holes on a golf course using the fewest number of strokes....
course. - The war memorial